航空工程英語基礎(chǔ)[共57頁]

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1、ESSENTIAL（基礎(chǔ)） ENGLISH OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING 航 空 工 程 英 語 基 礎(chǔ) LESSON 1 THE B737 FUSELAGE機體 一、生詞 飛機 Airplane 半硬殼式 Semi-monocoque 機身 Fuselage 起落架 Landing gear 動力裝置 Power plant 支柱 Strut 分為 Divide into 包括 Contain 天線 Antenna 玻璃纖維 Fiberglass 蜂窩狀物 Honeycomb 整流罩 Fa

2、iring 鉸鏈 Hinge 壓力密封隔板 Bulkhead 駕駛艙 flight compartment 進口 Entry 機上廚房 Galley 登機梯 Airstair 電子設(shè)備艙 Electronic equipment bay 檢修口 Access door 旅客艙 Passenger cabin 貨艙 Cargo 逃逸 Escape 艙口 Hatch 空間 Space 燃油箱 Fuel tank 終止 Terminate 輔助動力裝置 Auxiliary power unit 水平安定面 Horizontal st

3、abilizer 桁架 Truss 排出 Exhaust 設(shè)計 Design 和…一樣 The same as 伸長 stretch 延伸 Extension 脊鰭 Dorsal fin 增強 Strengthen 相對于 relative to 滑軌 Skid 結(jié)構(gòu) structure 修改 revise 二、TEXT (1) the B737 is a low wing airplane. B737 has semi-monocoque fuselage and fully retractable landing gear.

4、Two power plants are located under the wings on short struts. 波音737是一種下單翼飛機。它擁有半硬殼式機身和全收式起落架。兩臺發(fā)動機位于機翼下方短支架上。 (2) The 737-300 fuselage is divided into four sections: section 41 , section 43 , section 46 and section 48 . 波音737機體為為四部分：41、43、46和48. (3) Section 41 contains the radar antenna behind

5、a fiberglass honeycomb fairing, hinged at the top. aft of the pressure bulkhead, above the floor, are the flight compartment and forward air stair and its door, and the electronic equipment bay .this section has two lower access doors. 41部分包括鉸接在蜂窩狀玻璃纖維雷達罩后面頂部的雷達天線、壓力隔板后方及地板上方區(qū)域是駕駛艙和前登機梯及其門，還有電子設(shè)備艙。

6、這部分有兩個下檢修口。 (4) Section 43 contains the passenger cabin and the forward cargo compartment. 43部分包括客艙和前貨艙。 (5) Section 46 contain the center and aft portion of the passenger cabin ,two over wing escape hatches and aft entry and service doors. The space below the floor includes the wing center secti

7、on (fuel tank), air-conditioning bays, wheel well, hydraulic bay and aft cargo compartment. this section terminates at the aft pressure bulkhead. 46部分包括客艙中后部，兩個逃生艙及入口和服務門。地板下的空間包括中央油箱、空調(diào)艙、輪艙、液壓艙和后貨艙。這部分終止于后壓力隔板。 (6) Section 48 contains the auxiliary power unit(APU) and horizontal stabilizer truss.

8、 Access to this section is through a door on the left side. Aft of which is the APU access door and APU exhaust. 48部分包括輔助動力裝置和水平安定面桁架?？梢酝ㄟ^左側(cè)口蓋接近。在它們的后面是APU檢修口和APU排氣口。 (7) The 737-300 is the same basic design as the 737-200, with a body stretch of 104 inches, a wing tip extension of 14 inches, a ho

9、rizontal tail extension of 36 inches, a larger dorsal fin and strengthened stabilizer. 737-300與737-200具有相同的基本設(shè)計，機體伸長了104英寸，翼尖延伸了14英寸，水平尾翼延伸了36英寸，還多了個大的脊鰭和增強的水平尾翼。 (8) The 737-400, relative to the 737-300, has body stretch of 120 inches, tow additional over wing exit, tail skid, and strengthened la

10、nding gear. 737-400與737-300相比較，機身伸長了120英寸，多了兩個逃生出口，尾部滑軌及加強了起落架。 (9) The 737-500 uses the 737-300 basic structure with a 94 inches shorter body and a revised forward and aft fairing (wing to body). 737-500使用了737-300的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，機身短了94英寸，并且修改了前后整流罩（機翼到機體）。 LESSON 2 THE PNEUMATICS SYSYTEM 增壓系統(tǒng) 一、生詞 目的

11、 Purpose 壓縮空氣 compressure Air 壓縮空氣 pneumatic 環(huán)境 Environment 階段，相位 Phase 得到 Obtain 發(fā)動機引氣 Engine bleed 外部的 External 車 Cart 接頭 Connector 整流罩 Cowl 熱的 Thermal 防冰 Anti-icing 也，此外 Also 提供 provide 飲用水 Potable water 液壓的 Hydraulic 啟動器 Starter 在…之內(nèi) Within 正常的 Normal 取代

12、 Substitute 滿足 Meet 需要，要求 Need 上部、頂部 Top 圖形 Figure 絕緣 Isolation 活門 Valve 管道 Duct 結(jié)合、連接 Join 交叉、跨接 crossover 管理、調(diào)整 govern 適當?shù)? Appropriate 二、TEXT (1) the purpose of the pneumatic system is to supply compressed air for a controlled temperature and pressure environment during

13、 all phases of flight and ground operation .air is obtained from engine bleeds. APU、or from an external ground cart through a connector located on the fuselage. 增壓系統(tǒng)的作用是為飛行及地面所有階段的溫度和壓力控制提供壓縮空氣。壓縮空氣的來源可以是發(fā)動機引氣、APU、或通過機身上的連接頭與地面氣源車相連供氣。 (2) The pneumatic system controls the temperature and the pres

14、sure of engine bleed air source. The pneumatic system provides high temperature, high pressure air for the air conditioning .pressurization, wing and cowl thermal anti-icing .also, the pneumatic system provides pressure for the potable water system, hydraulic system and engine starters. The engine b

15、leed air systems are located on the engine and within the support strut. 增壓引氣控制發(fā)動機引氣的溫度和壓力。增壓系統(tǒng)為空調(diào)、增壓系統(tǒng)、機翼及整流罩熱防冰系統(tǒng)提供高溫、高壓引氣。同時，增壓系統(tǒng)還給飲用水系統(tǒng)、液壓系統(tǒng)和發(fā)動機起動系統(tǒng)提供壓力。發(fā)動機引氣系統(tǒng)位于支架內(nèi)部發(fā)動機上。 (3) The normal cabin air source is obtained from the 5th-stage of the engines at low –engine power, 9th-stage air automati

16、cally substitutes to meet user system needs. 正常情況下，客艙空氣來自于發(fā)動機低能量的第5級，9級空氣自動分配以滿足用戶系統(tǒng)的需要。 (4) On the top of figure 2-1, the isolation valve separates the left and right halves of the system. On the left side of the isolation valve, the APU bleed air duct joins the left side crossover duct; on the r

17、ight side ,the pneumatic ground service connector joins the right side crossover duct. From these ducts the user system are supplied with pressurized air ,governed by the appropriate control valves. 在圖2-1的上方，隔離活門將左右系統(tǒng)分隔成獨立的兩部分。在隔離活門的左邊，APU引氣管道立連接著左交輸管道；在右邊，壓縮空氣地面接頭連接右交輸管道。用戶系統(tǒng)可以從這些管道獲得壓縮空氣，通過適當?shù)目刂苹?/p>

18、門進行控制。 LESSON 3 AIR CONDINTION空調(diào)系統(tǒng) 一、單詞 空氣調(diào)節(jié) Air conditioning 環(huán)境 Ambient 機組 Crew 加熱 heat 冷卻 Cool 增壓 Pressurization 引出，放出 Bled 總管道 Manifold 分離 Separate 獨立的 Independent 冷卻組件 Cooling pack 調(diào)節(jié)，管理 regulate 暖，熱 Worm 減少 Reduce 期望 Desire 渦輪冷卻器 Air cycle machine 整的 Integ

19、ral 包括 Consist of 共同的 Common 軸 Shaft 離開 Leave 膨脹V Expand 膨脹N Expansion 下降 Drop 零下 Sub-zero 分配 Distribute 此外 In addition 配平空氣管道 Trim air line 混合 Mix 室、容器 Chamber 加上，增加 Add 頭頂上 Overhead 豎管 Raise 收集器 Collector 防護罩 Shroud 過濾器 Filter 排出口 Discharge 再分配 Redistribu

20、te 二等分 halve 二、TEXT (1) the air conditioning system provides a conditioned air environment for the passengers and crew , heats the cargo compartment, cools the electronic equipment, and supplies air for the pressurization system. 空調(diào)系統(tǒng)為旅客和機組提供環(huán)境溫度的控制，為客艙供熱，為電子設(shè)備艙降溫，還有為增壓系統(tǒng)提供空氣。 (2) Air is bled

21、from the pneumatic manifold and conditioned by 2 separate and independent cooling packs. Air flow into the packs is regulated by the pack valves. 空氣從增壓主管道和空調(diào)中通過2個隔離的，相互獨立的冷卻組件中被引入?？諝饬鬟M組件中通過組件活門調(diào)節(jié)。 (3) Air from the pneumatic manifold is too warm and must be cooled. The pupose of 2 packs is to redu

22、ce engine bleed air temperature to the desired temperature. 從增壓主管道中來的空氣太熱，需要降溫。兩個組件的作用就是將發(fā)動機引氣溫度降低到需要的溫度。 (4) An air cycle machine is an integral unit of each cooling pack. The air cycle machine consists of a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel mounted on a common shaft. Air flowing through the a

23、ir cycle machine drives the turbine, the turbine drives the compressor section. As the air leaves the turbine it expands greatly. This expansion can cause the temperature of the air to drop to sub-zero levels. 渦輪冷卻器是構(gòu)成每個冷卻組件所必需的。它包括一個渦輪和一個壓氣機，安裝在共同的軸上。氣流通過渦輪冷卻器驅(qū)動渦輪，渦輪驅(qū)動壓氣機部分。當空氣離開渦輪后急劇膨脹。這種膨脹能夠?qū)е驴諝?/p>

24、溫度降到零度以下的程度。 (5) In figure 3-1, we can see that the conditioned air from the right pack flows into the main distribution manifold, the conditioned air from the left pack flows into the main distribution manifold and into the flight compartment. In addition, a trim air line from the left mix chamber

25、 adds hot air to the flight compartment duct. The main distribution manifold supplies the passenger compartment overhead distribution system through tow sidewall risers. 在圖3-1中，我們可以看出，調(diào)節(jié)空氣從右組件流向主分配管道，還有調(diào)節(jié)空氣從左組件流向主分配管道和進入駕駛艙。另外，從左混合艙出來的配平空氣管道增加熱空氣給駕駛艙管道。主分配管道通過兩個側(cè)壁豎管供氣給客艙頂部分配系統(tǒng)。 (6) A 3-phase fan

26、draws air from the collector shroud through filters and discharges into the main distribution manifold for redistribution. 一個三相風扇從收集器防護罩穿過過；濾器和排出口進入主分配管道，用以再分配。 LESSON 4 PRESSURIZATION INTRODUCTION增壓系統(tǒng)簡介 一、單詞 組件 Pack 控制 Control \座艙高度 Cabin altitude 外流閥 Outflow valve 保持 Maintain 盡可能的…

27、 As as possible 目的地 destination 安全的 Safe 舒適的 Comfortable 曲線 Curve 對時間的 Against time 起飛 Takeoff 巡航 Cruise 虛線 Dotted line 實線 Solid line 爬升 Ascend 下降 Descent 近 Near 環(huán)境 ambient 減小 decrease 變化率 rate 確定、決定 Determine 大氣 Atmosphere 例子 Example 磅/英寸 Psi=pound per square

28、inch 參照… By referring 圖表 Chart 描繪 Depict 與…的關(guān)系曲線 versus 稱之為… Is referred to as 制度 System 水銀 mercury 毫巴 Millibar 相等的 identical 施加 exert 排出 exhaust 向機艙外 outboard 二、TEXT (1) the air conditioning packs supply conditioned air into pressurization system. the pressurizati

29、on system controls cabin altitude by regulating air flow from the fuselage, through the outflow valve. The pressurization system maintains cabin altitude as close to sea level as possible or at an altitude equal to the altitude of the flight destination, so the pressurization system provides a safe

30、comfortable cabin altitude for the crew and passenger at all airplane altitude. 空調(diào)組件為增壓系統(tǒng)提供調(diào)節(jié)空氣。增壓系統(tǒng)通過調(diào)節(jié)機身氣流控制客艙高度，通過外流閥，增壓系統(tǒng)保持客艙高度盡可能的接近海平面或等于飛行目的地高度，這樣增壓系統(tǒng)可為機組和旅客在整個飛行過程中提供一個安全舒適的客艙高度。 (2) Figure 4-2 shows a curve of airplane and cabin altitude against time from take off through cruise to landin

31、g . airplane altitude is shown in dotted line. Cabin altitude is shown in solid line. The airplane starts its flight at an airport altitude near sea level, ascends, cruises, and descends to a landing airport near sea level. 圖4-2顯示為飛機和坐艙高度在起飛、巡航及著陸階段的時間曲線。飛機高度顯示為虛線，坐艙高度顯示為實線。飛機以接近海平面的機場高度開始飛行、爬升、巡航、

32、下降和接近海平面的機場著陸。 (3) Cabin altitude starts at the take off altitude. As the airplane climb, the ambient pressure decreases; the higher the altitude, the lower the pressure. The altitude inside the airplane (cabin altitude)also climbs but at a lower rate than the airplane. The pressurization system pr

33、ovides the pressure differential between the cabin and ambient. 客趁高度開始于起飛高度。當飛機爬升時，環(huán)境壓力減小，高度越高，壓力越低。飛機內(nèi)部高度（坐艙高度）也以一個低于飛機的速率爬升。增壓系統(tǒng)提供客艙與外界環(huán)境之間的壓力差。 (4) The airplane altitude above sea level is determined by measuring the pressure of the ambient atmosphere. For example, see figure4-3, at 30,000 fee

34、t above sea level the ambient pressure would be 4.36 psi. the cabin altitude can be measured by adding the ambient pressure to the 7.80 psid maintained in side the airplane by the pressurization system: ambient pressure 4.36 psi at 30,000 ft. Pressure differential 7.80psid 12.16ps

35、i by referring to the chart depicting ambient pressure versus altitude, if the ambient pressure is 12.16psi, the cabin altitude would be 5150 ft (see figure 4-3). 飛機高度可通過測量環(huán)境大氣的壓力來測得。例如：圖4-3，在高于海平面3萬英尺的環(huán)境壓力為4.36PSI?？团摳叨瓤赏ㄟ^環(huán)境壓力加7.8PSID來測得，7.8PSID由增壓系統(tǒng)保持： 環(huán)境壓力：4.36PSI 30000FT 壓力差；7.8PSID 坐艙壓力：4

36、.36+7.8=12.16PSID 參照圖表描述環(huán)境壓力高度曲線，如果環(huán)境壓力是12.16PSID，客艙 高度將是5150英尺（圖4-3） (5) the cabin pressure is referred to as “psid” and indicates the differential pressure, in pounds per square inch , between inside and outside of the airplane. There are many systems for measuring pressure and “psi” is only one

37、 .airplane systems measure pressure in inches of mercury and millibars; these indications are identical to 14.7psi as a measurement of the pressure exerted by the atmosphere at sea level. 客艙壓力被稱為“PSID”并用“磅/英尺”指出壓力差，在飛機內(nèi)外，有許多系統(tǒng)可測量壓力，“PSI”只是其中之一。飛機系統(tǒng)用英寸水銀或毫巴來測量壓力；這些指示等同于受到海平面大氣壓力14.7PSI。 (6) The pre

38、ssure control systems provide cabin differential pressure by controlling the outflow of air from the fuselage. The pressure control system consists of an aft outflow valve, forward outflow valve, pressure controller, control panel, pressure sensing inputs, and monitoring indicators. 壓力控制系統(tǒng)通過控制機外氣流來

39、提供客艙壓力差。壓力控制系統(tǒng)包括一個外流閥、前外流閥、壓力控制器、控制面板、壓力傳感器和監(jiān)視器。 (7) The aft outflow valve allowing cabin air to exhaust overboard to maintain cabin pressure. The forward outflow valve receives a control signal from the aft outflow valve . when the aft outflow valve is closed, the forward outflow valve receives a

40、signal to drive full closed. 后外流閥允許客艙空氣排出到機外以保持客艙壓力。前外流閥接收一個從后外流閥來的控制信號。當后外流閥被關(guān)閉時，前外流閥接收又個信號驅(qū)使完全關(guān)閉。 LESSON 5 FIRE DETECTION火警探測 一、單詞 火警探測 Fire detection 在…周圍 Around 組件 Pack 監(jiān)控 Monitor 存在 Exist 泄漏 Leak 部件 Component 警告 Alarm 報警器 horn 過熱 Overheat 鈴聲 Bell 規(guī)定 Specify 發(fā)生 Occ

41、ur 聽覺 Aural 在…之下 beneath 面板 Panel 器件 device 與…相對應 Respond to 機翼 Wing 滅火器 Extinguish 盆 basin 廁所 Lavatory 瓶 Bottle 擦手紙斜槽 Tower chute 可選的 optional 角落 Corner 特征 feature 輪子 wheel 可用的 Available 放出 discharge 位置 Location 完成 Accomplish 元件 element 天花板

42、 Ceiling 二、TEXT (1) the fire detection systems monitor airplane components for overheat, fire or smoke condition. Engine and APU fire and overheat indication occurs on the P8 and P7 panels. Wing and body duct overheat warning occurs on the P5 and P7 panels. Lavatory smoke detection indication

43、is an optional feature that is available. Indication can occur at the lavatory location and or on the P5 panel. 火警探測系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控飛機組件的過熱、失火或煙霧等情況。發(fā)動機和APU過熱和失火指示出現(xiàn)在P8或P7板上。機翼和機身管道過熱警告出現(xiàn)在P5或P7板上。廁所煙霧探測指示是一個可選裝配件。指示能夠出現(xiàn)在廁所位置或P5板上。 (2) Engine fire and overheat detection is provided by detector elements located

44、 around the engine. The engine and APU fire detection accessory unit M279, located in the E/E bay determines if a fire or overheat condition exists. When detected indications occur in the flight deck an alarm bell is provided by the aural warning devices unit M315 for a fire condition. The two engin

45、e fire extinguisher bottles are located on the upper left aft corner of the main wheel well and are discharged from the flight deck. 發(fā)動機失火和過熱信號探測由安裝在發(fā)動機周圍的探測元件提供。發(fā)動機和APU火警探測組件M279，安裝在電子設(shè)備艙，用于判斷是否有失火或過熱情況發(fā)生。當在飛機蒙皮探測到火警信號時，音響警告設(shè)備M315將給出一個警告鈴聲。兩臺發(fā)動機滅火瓶安裝在主輪艙左下方后角處，并從□□處釋放。 (3) The APU detectors sense

46、 fire conditions only. Monitoring of the sensors is accomplished by the M279. indications occur on the P28 panel in the wheel well and also in the flight deck. The APU fire bottle is located behind the aft pressure bulkhead and is discharged either from the flight deck or P28 panel. APU探測器只感應火警信號。傳

47、感器的監(jiān)控由M279完成。指示出現(xiàn)在P28板在主輪艙和FLIGHT DECK。 APU滅火瓶后壓力隔板上，并通過P28板或FLIGH DECK釋放。 (4) Wheel well fire detection is provided by detector elements mounted on the wheel well ceiling. The detectors provide input to the M237 module located in the E/E bay. Indications occur on the P7 and P8 panels and an alarm

48、bell is provided by the M315 module. 輪艙火警探測由安裝在輪艙天花板上的探測元件來提供。探測器提供信號給安裝在電子設(shè)備艙的M237組件。指示信號出現(xiàn)在P7和P8板上，警告鈴聲由M315組件提供。 (5) The wing and body overheat detection system exists to monitor the pneumatic system for leaks . the detection system is divided into a left and right system. The detectors provide

49、 input to the M237 module. Overheat indication occurs on the P5 and P7 panels. 機翼和機身過熱探測系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控增壓系統(tǒng)有無滲漏。探測系統(tǒng)分為左右兩部分。探測器提供信號給M237組件。過熱指示信號出現(xiàn)在P5和P7板上。 (6) The lavatory smoke detector is located in each lavatory, the detector will provide a warning horn and indication at a specified smoke level .located

50、 in each lavatory, beneath the wash basin, is a fire extinguisher bottle which responds to high temperature in the tower chute. 廁所煙霧探測器安裝在每個廁所里，探測器將在規(guī)定的煙霧層度發(fā)出警告信號。滅火瓶安裝在每個廁所，洗手池下面，可以對擦手紙斜槽里的高溫情況作出響應。 LESSON 6 OXYGEN SYSTEM氧氣系統(tǒng) 一、單詞 氧氣 Oxygen 要求、命令 Acquire 單獨的 independent 安裝 Install 氣

51、態(tài)的 Gaseous 稱為 designate 稀釋器 Diluter 要求 Demand 化學上 Chemically 服務員 Attendant 氣缸 Cylinder 旅客服務設(shè)備 Passengers service unit 面罩 Mask 切斷 Shut off 數(shù)量 Quantity 壓強計 Gage 即使 In a event of 排出 Vent 緊急情況 Emergence 鎖定 Latch 釋放 Release 作動筒 Actuator 機構(gòu) Mechanism 開動，啟動 activate

52、自動地 automatically 人工地 manually 二、TEXT (1) the purpose of the oxygen system is to provide oxygen for the flight crew and passengers when required. Two independent oxygen system are installed in B737. the flight crew oxygen system is a high pressure gaseous system for flight crew use only, th

53、is type of system is designated a “diluter demand” system . The passenger oxygen system is a chemically-generated oxygen system for use by passengers and cabin attendants. This type of system is designated a “continuous flow” system. 氧氣系統(tǒng)用來為機組及旅客提供氧氣。B737上安裝有兩套氧氣系統(tǒng)。機組氧氣系統(tǒng)是一個僅供機組使用的高壓氣態(tài)系統(tǒng)，這種系統(tǒng)被稱為“稀釋

54、要求”系統(tǒng)。旅客氧氣系統(tǒng)是一供旅客及乘務員使用個化學制氧系統(tǒng)。這種系統(tǒng)被稱為“continuous flow”系統(tǒng)。 (2) The flight crew oxygen system consists of an oxygen cylinder. Valves, indicating components, distribution tubing and oxygen mask/regulator. The crew oxygen system components are located in the forward cargo compartment and in the flight

55、 compartment. 機組氧氣系統(tǒng)包括一個氧氣瓶，閥門，指示組件，分配管道及氧氣面罩/調(diào)節(jié)器。機組氧氣系統(tǒng)組件安裝在前客艙和駕駛艙內(nèi)。 (3) Oxygen flows through the pressure reducing regulator and shut off valve to the masks. Quantity (pressure) indication is provided by a gage in the flight compartment. In the event of an overpressure, the cylinder is vented t

56、o ambient through the overboard discharge. The cylinder is serviced after removal from the aircraft. 氧氣通過減壓調(diào)節(jié)器和關(guān)斷活門流向氧氣面罩。流量指示由駕駛艙內(nèi)的壓強計指示。一旦過壓，氣瓶將通過頂部釋放開關(guān)進行釋壓。氣瓶應從飛機上取下進行勤務。 (4) The passenger oxygen system provides an emergency oxygen supply to the passengers and attendants, this system consists

57、of passenger service units, control and indication. These service units contain the mask box, door latch release actuator, latching mechanism, chemical oxygen generator and oxygen mask. 旅客氧氣系統(tǒng)為旅客及乘務員提供應急氧氣，系統(tǒng)包括旅客服務設(shè)備，控制及指示器。這個服務設(shè)備包括氧氣面罩盒、門鎖釋放作動筒，鎖定機械裝置、氧氣發(fā)生器及氧氣面罩。 (5) The passenger oxygen system c

58、an be activated automatically by high cabin altitude (low cabin pressure) or manually from the flight compartment. 旅客氧氣系統(tǒng)能夠被較高的客艙高度自動啟動，也能在駕駛艙人工啟動。 LESSON 7 ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION防冰、防雨 一、單詞 雨 Rain 保護 Protect 幫助 Aid 為…而提供 Is provided for 雨刷 Wiper 防雨劑 Repellent 葉片 Vane 衛(wèi)生間 Toilet

59、 排放 Drain 視線 Vision 皮托靜壓 Pitot static 探頭 Probe 迎角葉片 Alpha vane 支柱管 Mast 堆積 Buildup 碰撞 Impact 強度 Strengthen 霧 Fog 導電的 conductive 涂層 coating 暴露 expose 氣流 Air stream 形成 Formatting 結(jié)冰 Freeze 原因 Cause 出故障的 Faulty 損失 Loss 槽 Sink 嵌入 Embed 墊圈 gasket 裝置 Fitting

60、與…結(jié)合在一起 Are integrated with 二、TEXT (1) the ice and rain protection system protects the airplane and aids the flight crew when operating under ice and rain conditions. Ice and rain protection is provided for: 1) wing leading edge slats outboard of each engine. 2) Flight compartment windows

61、 (heat, wiper, rain repellent). 3) Pitot static and temperature probes. 4) Alpha vanes. 5) Toilet drains. 防冰、防雨系統(tǒng)用于保護飛機及幫助機組在雨雪天氣下操作飛機。此系統(tǒng)為下列部件提供保護： 1） 發(fā)動機外前緣縫翼； 2） 駕駛艙玻璃窗（加熱、雨刷、防雨劑）； 3） 皮托靜壓管及總溫探頭； 4） 迎角葉片； 5） 廁所排水。 (2) Wing leading slats use hot air from the pneumatic system. Flight com

62、partment windows are electrically heated. The wipers and rain repellent are used for providing clear vision. The pitot static probes, alpha vanes, drain masts, and toilet drains use electric heaters. 前緣縫翼用增壓系統(tǒng)的熱引氣加溫。駕駛艙窗口用電加溫。雨刷和防雨劑用來提供清晰視野。皮托靜壓探頭、迎角葉片、排水管及廁所排水都是用電加溫。 (3) The wing anti-ice system

63、prevents ice buildup on the wing leading edge slats, this system consists of air supply ducts, valves, terminal switches, controls and indications. 防冰系統(tǒng)可防止冰在縫翼前緣堆積，此系統(tǒng)包括供氣管道、活門、終端開關(guān)、控制及指示器。 (4) The window heat system improves the impact strength of the flight compartment windows and prevents fog a

64、nd ice-buildup, this system consists of conductive coating in the window structure, heat control units, controls and indications. 窗口加熱系統(tǒng)提高了駕駛艙窗口的撞擊強度并防止霧和冰的堆積，此系統(tǒng)包括窗口結(jié)構(gòu)上的導電涂層、加熱控制組件、控制及指示器。 (5) The pitot static probes, temperature probe and alpha vanes provide air data information to the various u

65、sing system, they are located on the left and right sides of the forward fuselage. Since all the probes and vanes are exposed to the airstream, internal heating is provided to prevent ice formation. Freezing could cause faulty inputs or possible loss of all data. 皮托靜壓探頭、總溫探頭和迎角葉片用來提供大氣數(shù)據(jù)信息給不同的應用系統(tǒng)，

66、他們位于前機身在右側(cè)。因為所有的探頭及葉片都暴露在氣流里，需要加熱以防止結(jié)冰。結(jié)冰可以導致所有數(shù)據(jù)的丟失或輸入錯誤信息。 (6) The drain anti-icing system prevents ice buildup on the drains from the toilets and lavatory sinks. The aft toilet drain heater is embedded in gasket between the drain tube and the drain outlet fitting. The lavatory sink drain heater are integrated with the drain mast. The power supply for the toilet drain heaters is 115 volts ac and for the lavatory sink drain is 115 volts ac or 28 volts ac. 排水防冰系統(tǒng)防止在衛(wèi)生間及其水池的排水裝置上積冰。后廁所加熱器用墊片嵌入在