2019高考英語 基礎(chǔ)保分篇 第六講 情態(tài)動詞講與練 新人教版.doc

第六講情態(tài)動詞第一課時知識過關(guān)課主要用法典型例句can/could表能力“能，會”I can answer the question.我能回答這個問題。表請求“能，可以”Can you help me with it？能幫我一下嗎？表允許“能，可以”Can I read your newspaper？我能看看你的報紙嗎？提建議“可以”You can ask Mr.Li about it.這件事你可以問問李先生。表可能性：可能(問句或否定句)That cant be Mary.Shes in hospital.那不可能是瑪麗，她住院了。What can they be doing？他們可能在干什么呢？may/might表允許You may e if you wish.你愿意來可以來。表可能This coat may be Peters.這件大衣可能是彼得的。表祝愿May you succeed！祝你成功！must表必要“必須”I must study hard.我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。表堅持“偏要，非要”Must you make so much noise？你非得弄出這么多噪音嗎？表不可避免“必定會”All men must die.人總有一死。表推斷“一定、準(zhǔn)是”You must be tired after your long walk.你走了那么遠的路，一定累了。shall在疑問句中征求意見(主語是第一，第三人稱)Shall we begin now？我們現(xiàn)在開始，好嗎？Shall he wait for you outside？要不要他在外面等你？表示說話者給對方的承諾、決心、警告等You shall have a new dress for your birthday.你過生日一定得有件新衣。(主語是第二、第三人稱)表示強制，意為“必須，應(yīng)該”Each petitor shall wear a number.每個參賽者要戴一個號碼。(在法令、規(guī)章中)should表示責(zé)任或義務(wù)He should work harder.他應(yīng)該更加努力。(意為：應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng))表示推斷“可能，該”He should arrive soon.他可能很快就到了。(will probably)表示“竟然”Its strange that he should be late.真奇怪，他竟會遲到。表示不感興趣、驚訝How should I know？我怎么知道呢？表示“萬一”(條件句)If I should be free tomorrow，I would e.萬一明天有空，我就來。will/would表示愿意He will take you home.他愿意送你回家。表示請求Will/Would you go with me？你愿意和我一起去嗎？表示真理“總是”O(jiān)il will float on water.油總是浮在水面上。表示過去的習(xí)慣He would get up early when he lived in the country.他住鄉(xiāng)下時總是早起。表示要求“一定”You will report to me afterward.你稍后一定要向我報告。表示目前情況的預(yù)測“一定，大概”This will be the house youre looking for.這大概就是你要找的房子。讀語篇，悟語法。反復(fù)朗讀下列短文，領(lǐng)悟畫線黑體部分。思考：各個情態(tài)動詞的含義；什么情況下用情態(tài)動詞的完成式，分別表達什么含義。Lucy is an outgoing lady. She can1 play many kinds of musical instruments. Actually, she could2 play the piano when she was 8 years old. Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day. She says that she has_to3 do some sports because she must4 keep slim.“You shall 5 get fat soon if you dont take exercise every day. ” she usually says to her friends.As for her, an elegant lady should6 try to keep fit. However, last week, she found that she might 7 put on weight and she was worried and decided to lose weight. And these days she is always thinking that she may8 succeed soon if she tries all her best. However, she is always lack of time because she ought_to9 take care of her children.One night after supper, she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late. On her way, she thought that the dancing must_have_begun10, and the coach could_have_taught_or_shown11 many new moves. She was afraid that her friends might_have_left12 before she got there. She was regretful then. She should_have_had13 supper earlier, or she could_have_taken_a_taxi14, and indeed she neednt_have_taken15 a bath in advance.When she reached the park finally, she found nobody was there. She remembered suddenly that it had been reported on the radio that there would be a heavy rain that night.1.can在此表示能力。2.could在此表示能力，是can的過去式。3.have to表示“不得不”，強調(diào)客觀需要。4.must表示“必須”，強調(diào)主觀想法。5.shall表示說話者的意圖、允諾、告誡、警告等，用于陳述句的第二、第三人稱。6.should表示勸告或建議，意為“應(yīng)該”。7.might在此是may的過去式，表示“可能”。8.may表示“可能”。9.ought to“應(yīng)該”，表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，比should語氣重。10.must have done表示對過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事進行推測，意為“想必已經(jīng)做了某事”。11.could have done表示對過去情況的推測，意為“可能已經(jīng)做了某事”。12.might have done表示“或許已經(jīng)做了某事”。13.should have done表示“本應(yīng)該做某事(但沒有做)”，有責(zé)備和懊悔之意。14.could have done意為“本來可以做某事(但沒有做)”，有懊悔之意。15.neednt have done表示做了本來不必去做的事情，意為“本不必做某事(但卻做了)”。.單句填空(用must, can, may, might，shall, should, cant, neednt, mustnt填空。)1.I neednt worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it es.2.Just be patient. You cant expect the world to change so soon.3.May I take this book out of the reading room?No, you mustnt. You read it here.4.You mustnt park here! Its an emergency exit.5.I cant leave. She told me that I must stay here until she es back.6.I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He may/might not e. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.7.It must have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.8.The traffic is heavy this day; I might arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?9.It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it can be rather cold sometimes.10.She cant have left school, for her bike is still here.單句改錯(下列每句中有一處錯誤，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改，請指出并改正。)1.I used to living in Hunan but now I live in Guangzhou.livinglive2.She could sang very well when she was a girl.sangsing3.Youd better to wear rubbers, for its raining outside.去掉to4.I would rather to work than play.去掉to5.I asked him whether he needs go there.needsneed6.Something is wrong with my puter and it need repairing.needneeds7.I can have lent you the money. Why didnt you ask me？cancould8.She should able to give us a good answer.在able前加be9.Judging from what you say, he ought succeed.在ought后加to10.You mustnt have told him the news; he knew it already.mustntneednt第二課時寫作增分課情態(tài)動詞在寫作中的增分點一、利用情態(tài)動詞的語法特征寫對句子1.他能游過那條河。(can, swim, across the river)He_can_swim_across_the_river.2.她可能反對這件事。(may, object to)She_may_object_to_it.3.他必須不遺余力學(xué)好英語。(must, spare no effort, learn English well)He_must_spare_no_effort_to_learn_English_well.4.我明年就能開車了。(will, be able to, drive a car)I_will_be_able_to_drive_a_car_next_year.5.我不會再遲到了。(wont, late)I_wont_be_late_again.6.你最好盡你最大努力，來實現(xiàn)父母對你的期望。(had better, try ones best, live up to, expectations)You_had_better_try_your_best_to_live_up_to_your_parents_expectations.7.你不必告訴他什么。(need/have to)You_neednt_tell_him_anything./You_dont_have_to_tell_him_anything.8.她不敢單獨在夜里出去。(dare, alone)She_darent_go_out_at_night_alone./She_doesnt_dare_to_go_out_at_night_alone.二、利用情態(tài)動詞的推測性用法寫靚句子1.我家鄉(xiāng)春天的天氣相當(dāng)暖和，但有時也會非常得冷。(weather, fairly warm, can, extremely cold)The_weather_in_my_hometown_is_fairly_warm_in_spring,_but_it_can_be_extremely_cold_sometimes.2.你在山路上開車時一定要小心，因為有時可能很危險。(drive down the mountainous road)You_must_be_careful_when_you_drive_down_the_mountainous_road,_because_it_can_be_dangerous.3.我明天或許不會去看你，因為我的叔叔明天可能來。(might, call on, drop in)I_might_not_call_on_you_tomorrow,_because_my_uncle_might_drop_in.4.現(xiàn)在，他不可能在和他的同學(xué)一起旅游。相反，他一定是在家里學(xué)習(xí)。(tour with, study)At_the_moment,_he_cant_be_touring_with_his_friends.On_the_contrary,_he_must_be_studying_at_home.5.是因為我學(xué)習(xí)不夠努力，還是因為我學(xué)習(xí)方法不當(dāng)？(can, work hard enough, in the right way)Can_it_be_because_I_havent_worked_hard_enough_or_because_I_havent_studied_in_the_right_way?6.他隨時會到。(should, any moment)He_should_be_here_any_moment.三、利用“情態(tài)動詞have done”寫高級句子1.那天上學(xué)我遲到了。我可能把鬧鐘關(guān)掉后又睡著了。(turn off the alarm clock, fall asleep)I_was_late_for_school_that_day.I_might_have_turned_off_the_alarm_clock_and_fallen_asleep_again.2.我到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)我的錢包不見了?；蛟S我把它遺忘在你的出租車上了。(cant find my wallet, leave, taxi)I_couldnt_find_my_wallet_when_I_got_home.I_might_have_left_it_in_your_taxi.3.她不可能已經(jīng)走了，因為她的手提包還在這里。(leave, handbag, lie)She_cant_have_left,_because_her_handbag_is_still_lying_here.4.他可能是去北京了，因為他曾經(jīng)說過他的姑姑在那里工作。(could, once said)He_could_have_gone_to_Beijing,_because_he_once_said_his_aunt_worked_there.5.我一定是在回家的路上把它弄丟了。(drop it somewhere on my way home)I_must_have_dropped_it_somewhere_on_my_way_home.四、巧用“will, shall, would, used to”增加句中“惹眼”成分1.如果你不聽我的建議，你會后悔一輩子的。(follow ones advice, regret)If_you_dont_follow_my_advice,_you_shall_regret_for_the_rest_of_your_life.2.我盡力推門，門就是不開。(push, wouldnt)I_tried_to_push_the_door,_but_it_wouldnt_open.3.我告訴他不要輟學(xué)，但他不愿意聽。(tell, drop out of school)I_told_him_not_to_drop_out_of_school,_but_he_wouldnt_listen.4.當(dāng)我們小的時候，他星期天總是來我家和我一起玩。(e over to my home, on Sundays)When_we_were_young,_he_would_e_over_to_my_home_and_play_with_me_on_Sundays.5.我過去夜里睡得早，但我現(xiàn)在已習(xí)慣熬夜了。(used to, get used to, stay up late)I_used_to_go_to_bed_early_at_night,_but_I_get_used_to_staying_up_late_now.