2019年高考英語(yǔ)一輪鞏固達(dá)標(biāo)練題 Unit 1 Women of achievement（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

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Women of achievement ***閱讀理解。 ＂An apple a day keeps the doctor away＂ is a popular saying in the United States. It may be a mon saying, but it is not scientifically confirmed. However, a new study adds to evidence that suggests taking a small amount of aspirin can help keep the doctor away. Peter Elwood is with Cardiff University’s School of Medicine in Britain. Forty years ago, he was involved in the first study to explore the effects of aspirin on the prevention of heart disease. Elwood’s team examined 47 studies for evidence that aspirin helped cancer patients. They found there’s fairly consistent evidence of a 15 to 20 percent reduction in death and a reduction in cancer’s spread, by low dose(劑量) aspirin. By low dose, he means 81 milligrams. The study followed cancer patients for five years. Elwood says the evidence is strong that aspirin delays death among cancer patients. Elwood’s team are excited to have this evidence from the study. Elwood adds that it is not a cure but a small sign of better things to e, what he calls a little hope and encouragement. ＂If you asked me personally what I would do if doctors told me I had cancer, I would say I would have no hesitation in taking it. But I do not remend it to people. I want them to have the evidence and make their own decisions.＂ The only major risk is that aspirin can cause stomach bleeding. But Elwood says it usually does not cause death. He adds that the evidence points to big health benefits of taking a daily aspirin. So, for some people, the pros might overweigh the cons. 1. What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 1? A. Patients should eat apples. B. Apples are popular with Americans. C. Aspirin can be good for health. D. Doctors should use aspirin instead of apples. 2. What does Elwood suggest people do? A. The less aspirin, the better. B. Don’t delay in taking aspirin. C. Taking aspirin is a better way to cure cancer. D. Make decisions in the best interest of their own. 3.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean? A. Aspirin is the best cure for cancer. B. Taking aspirin won’t kill in the long run. C. Taking aspirin does more good than harm. D. The side effect of taking aspirin is strong. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章介紹每天服用少量的阿司匹林對(duì)健康有好處，可以延緩癌癥病人的死亡。 2.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的句子＂Elwood＂可知，Elwood建議人們按照對(duì)自己有最大益 處的方式做決定。故選D。 3.C【解析】推理判斷題。文章最后一段介紹服用阿司匹林會(huì)導(dǎo)致胃部出血，但是結(jié)合句子＂He adds that the evidence points to big health benefits of taking a daily aspirin.＂每天服用一點(diǎn)阿司匹林對(duì)健康有很大好處， 可知，下文的the pros might overweigh the cons意為：服用阿司匹林的好處大于壞處，故選C。 ***語(yǔ)法填空。 Our group Springhill Baptist Church started a food pantry (食品儲(chǔ)藏室) to help out members of the munity. As part of the program, we buy the food that will __1__(distribute) and make boxes for distribution. We do this on __2__regular basis—the second Monday of every month. One day, as my friend and I __3__(load) our grocery carts with the necessary items in the store, a gentleman asked us, “__4__do you get so many items？” We explained we were doing our __5__(month) grocery shopping and gave him some details about our program.__6__(say) that it was great, he went on with his business. After gathering everything on our list, we started unloading the food to check out at the counter, only __7__(inform) by the cashier that our bill had already been paid. The gentleman who asked about our__8__(intend) had left his credit card number to pay __9__our order and then walked off. He had no idea what the cost was before he left. We were __10__(extreme) shocked at the generosity of a stranger. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者和朋友去為食品儲(chǔ)藏室購(gòu)買(mǎi)食物時(shí)遇到了一位紳士，他在得知作者他們的意圖后悄悄地為他們支付了賬單。作者在文中對(duì)這位紳士的慷慨表達(dá)了感激之情。 1．be distributed　考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。作為計(jì)劃的一部分，我們購(gòu)買(mǎi)食物并將其進(jìn)行分配。distribute與food之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。空前是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will，故填be distributed。 2．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。我們定期這樣做——每個(gè)月的第二個(gè)星期一。on a regular basis “定期地”。 3．were loading　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)下文中的“we were doing our ...”可知，此處表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)；句子的主語(yǔ)是my friend and I，是復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填were loading。 4．Why　考查疑問(wèn)詞。根據(jù)下文的“We explained we were doing our ...”可知，這位紳士是在問(wèn)“你們?yōu)槭裁促I(mǎi)這么多物品”，故填疑問(wèn)詞Why表示“為什么”。 5．monthly　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的“our”及空后的“grocery shopping”可知，此處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語(yǔ)。上文的“every month”暗示這里填monthly “每月的”。 6．Saying　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。逗號(hào)后面的句子與前面的部分之間沒(méi)有連詞，故空處所在部分應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，此處表示伴隨狀況，he和say之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。 7．to be informed　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及其被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。only后接不定式表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，inform與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)式。 8．intention　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的“about our”可知，此處要填名詞，intention “意圖，目的”。 9．for　考查介詞。pay for sth.是固定搭配，“為……而付錢(qián)，負(fù)擔(dān)……的費(fèi)用”。故填for。 10．extremely　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾were shocked，表示程度，故填extremely。 ***完形填空。 I was looking through some old photo albums the other day.I had __1__ done that many times before but I felt a sudden __2__ to see them again.I found myself __3__ so many beautiful memories from my childhood.There was my dear Nana giving me a thorough __4__ when I was a newborn baby.There was me and my brother standing in front of the worlds ugliest __5__ our favorite Christmas tree.There was my beautiful Mom __6__ me on her lap.Then the pictures seemed __7__ all of a sudden because my eyes were wet.I just couldnt __8__ the tears.“What is going on？” I __9__.I hadnt cried the last time.But what was __10__ now? I soon saw that it was I who changed.I had __11__.My spirit had walked a little further down the __12__ of love.I realized as long as they came with a warm heart，wet eyes were __13__ to be ashamed of.I smiled and I felt Mom and Nana smiling __14__ on me from Heaven. Leo Buscaglia said：“Im not afraid of __15__.They clean out my eyeballs.” I think they clean out our __16__ as well.They help us to wash away our pain, fear and grief(悲傷)．They help us to __17__ our love and goodness.They help us to bee who we are __18__ to be.The next time you feel your tears starting，just let them __19__. Life is full of smiles and tears.Only by allowing them both can we __20__ live. 1．A.never B．ever C．a(chǎn)lready D．nearly 2．A.appeal B．sadness C．fear D．urge 3．A.shaping B．reliving C．escaping D．building 4．A.bath B．speech C．hug D．survey 5．A.and B．but C．or D．a(chǎn)s 6．A.spinning B．possessing C．holding D．walking 7．A.beautiful B．blank C．a(chǎn)bnormal D．vague 8．A.fight back B．fight with C．fight for D．fight against 9．A.found B．wondered C．hesitated D．discussed 10．A.heartbreaking B．wrong C．different D．disturbing 11．A.grown B．misunderstood C．insisted D．struggled 12．A.feast B．path C．expectation D．circle 13．A.everything B．something C．a(chǎn)nything D．nothing 14．A.forward B．upwards C．down D．behind 15．A.tears B．failures C．deaths D．illnesses 16．A.petence B．inside C．identification D．development 17．A.look through B．clean out C．learn from D．reconnect to 18．A.used B．reminded C．forced D．meant 19．A.separate B．stay C．flow D．disappear 20．A.truly B．roughly C．generally D．tentatively 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。再次看老相冊(cè)時(shí)，作者重溫了童年的一些美好回憶，并流下了眼淚。作者從而感悟到生活中充滿歡笑和眼淚，只有允許它們兩者存在，我們才能真正地生活。 【核心詞匯】urge n．強(qiáng)烈的欲望；沖動(dòng) v．催促，力勸；強(qiáng)烈要求 I had a sudden urge to call him.我突然很想給他打電話。 We should constantly urge ourselves on to study hard.我們應(yīng)該不斷地鞭策自己努力學(xué)習(xí)。 1．C　根據(jù)下文的“many times before”以及“I hadnt cried the last time”可知，作者應(yīng)該不止一次看這些老相冊(cè)，故此處表示作者之前已經(jīng)(already)多次看過(guò)這些老相冊(cè)。 2．D　此處表示作者突然有再次看老相冊(cè)的沖動(dòng)(urge)。appeal“懇求”；fear“害怕”。 3．B　此處表示作者重溫(reliving)了許多來(lái)自童年時(shí)期的美好回憶。shape“塑造”；escape“逃避”；build“建造”。 4．A　根據(jù)下文的“when I was a newborn baby”可知，此處表示作者還是個(gè)新生兒時(shí)，奶奶給她徹底洗澡，故選A項(xiàng)。 5．B　空前的“the worlds ugliest”和空后的“our favorite”之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用并列連詞but。 6．C　根據(jù)下文的“on her lap”可知，此處應(yīng)表示“我漂亮的媽媽把我抱著放在她的腿上”。hold意為“抱著，托著”，符合語(yǔ)境。spin“快速旋轉(zhuǎn)”；possess“擁有”；walk“遛”。 7．D　上文提到了作者正在看老照片，根據(jù)下文的“because my eyes were wet...the tears”可知作者流淚了，根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，此處表示這些老照片變得模糊(vague)了。blank“空白的”；abnormal“不正常的”。 8．A　根據(jù)上文的“because my eyes were wet”和下文的“I hadnt cried the last time.But...”可知，作者這次看老照片的時(shí)候哭了，此處表示作者遏制不住眼淚。fight back“忍住，抑制住”，符合語(yǔ)境。fight with“與……爭(zhēng)辯”；fight for“努力爭(zhēng)取”；fight against“對(duì)抗”。 9．B　作者以前看老照片沒(méi)有哭，而這次看老照片卻哭了。所以作者想知道(wondered)發(fā)生了什么。find“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到”；hesitate“猶豫，遲疑”；discuss“討論”。 10．C　根據(jù)下文的“I soon saw that it was I who changed”可知，作者很快明白，是她自己和以前不一樣了。故之前作者想知道的問(wèn)題是“現(xiàn)在有什么是不同的呢”。故選C項(xiàng)。 11．A　根據(jù)下文的“My spirit had walked a little further”可知，此處應(yīng)表示作者的心靈已經(jīng)在愛(ài)的道路(path)上走得更遠(yuǎn)了一點(diǎn)了，即作者已經(jīng)成長(zhǎng)(grown)了。 12．B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。feast“宴會(huì)”；expectation“期望”； circle“圈子”。 13．D　根據(jù)上文的“as long as they came with a warm heart”以及下文的“I smiled”可知，該句表示含淚的眼睛沒(méi)有什么(nothing)可羞愧的，只要它們伴隨著一顆溫暖的心而來(lái)。 14．C　根據(jù)下文的“on me from Heaven”可知，此處表示作者感到媽媽和奶奶從天堂向下(down)沖著自己微笑。 15．A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境尤其是下文的“They clean out my eyeballs”可知，此處表示“眼淚清洗了我的眼球”，故選tears。 16．B　根據(jù)下文的“They help us to wash away our pain，fear and grief(悲傷)．They help us to...to be”可知，此處表示眼淚不僅清洗了我們的眼球，也清洗了我們的內(nèi)心(inside)。petence“能力”；identification“辨認(rèn)”；development“發(fā)展”。 17．D　第一段提到老照片讓作者的美好回憶重現(xiàn)，故這里應(yīng)該是表示“眼淚幫助我們重新找回我們的愛(ài)和善良”。reconnect to“重新連接”，在這里引申為“重新找回”。look through“瀏覽”；clean out“把……清洗干凈”。 18．D　此處表示眼淚可以幫助我們成為我們想成為的人。be meant to do“打算，想要”。 19．C　根據(jù)上文提到的眼淚的好處可知，此處表示下次你感覺(jué)到眼淚開(kāi)始流的時(shí)候，那么就讓它們流下來(lái)吧。故選C項(xiàng)。 20．A　生活中充滿笑和淚，只有允許它們都存在，我們才能真正地(truly)生活。roughly“粗略地”；generally“大體上”；tentatively“試探性地”。 ***短文改錯(cuò)。 It is known that some students cheat in exams. There are three reason for it. First of all, there are so many exams. Beside, the exams given are difficulty in some way. Secondly, some students have to cheat in exams because of they are too lazy. The last reason is to please our parents and teachers. For some students, low marks brought them great pressure and make them depressing. In my opinion, cheating in exams are wrong. We should take positive attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark what is true as well as good. 答案： It is known that some students cheat in exams. There are three for it. First of all, there are so many exams. ， the exams given are in some way. Secondly, some students have to cheat in exams because they are too lazy. The last reason is to please parents and teachers. For some students, low marks them great pressure and make them . In my opinion, cheating in exams wrong. We should take positive attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark is true as well as good. 難項(xiàng)分析： 第五處：our→their　考查代詞。根據(jù)上文中的“they are too lazy”可知，此處應(yīng)該用their。 第七處：depressing→depressed　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處depressed是描述人的主觀心理的形容詞，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 第八處：are→is　考查主謂一致。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)(cheating in exams)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故用is。 ***