2019年高考英語 考點一遍過 考點35 強調(diào)句（含解析）.doc

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考點35 強調(diào)句 高考頻度：★★★★★ 強調(diào)句知識結(jié)構(gòu)： 強調(diào)句型 注意點 例 句 It is (was) + 被強調(diào)部分+that(who)… 為了強調(diào)句子的某一成分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語），常用強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)：It is (was) +被強調(diào)部分+that(who)…； 表示強調(diào)的it在這種結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中作主句的主語，it本身沒有詞義。 一般講，原句的謂語動詞如果是現(xiàn)在或?qū)砀鞣N時態(tài)，用It is…that (who)…；如果原句謂語動詞是過去各種時態(tài)，則用It was… that(who)…。 原句：Last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace. 強調(diào)主語：It was I that (or: who) saw a film in the Youth Palace last night. 強調(diào)賓語：It was a film that I saw in the Youth Palace last night. 強調(diào)地點狀語：It was in the Youth Palace that I saw a film last night. 強調(diào)時間狀語：It was last night that I saw a film in the Youth Palace. 謂語動詞的強調(diào) It is/ was … that …結(jié)構(gòu)不能強調(diào)謂語，如果需要強調(diào)謂語時，要用助動詞do/does或did。 注意： ①do用于對肯定的祈使句的強調(diào)以及對實義動詞一般現(xiàn)在時肯定句（除主語是第三人稱單數(shù)）的強調(diào)； ②does用于對實義動詞一般現(xiàn)在時肯定句主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的強調(diào)； ③did用于對實義動詞一般過去時肯定句的強調(diào)。 ①Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時，務(wù)必（千萬）要小心?。? They do work hard at maths. 他們對數(shù)學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)確實很努力。 ②He does send an email to me every day. 他確實每天都給我發(fā)電子郵件。 ③He did do his homework yesterday. 昨天他確實做了家庭作業(yè)。 It is (was) +被強調(diào)部分+that(who)…句型的變式 It is (was) + 被強調(diào)部分+that(who)… 句式基本特征： Is/ Was it +被強調(diào)部分+ that…； 或情態(tài)動詞+it+ be+被強調(diào)部分+ that… ①Was it in 1969 ________ the American astronauts succeeded _______ landing on the moon ? A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in ②Could it be in the restaurant in ______ you had dinner with me yesterday ______ you lost your handbag? A. that; which B. which; that C. where; that D. that; where 特殊疑問句形式 句式基本特征：特殊疑問詞+is/was it that…？或特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動詞+it+be++被強調(diào)部分+ that… —_______is it _______has made Peter _______he is today? —Determination. A. What; that; that B. That; that; what C. What; what; that D. What; that; what 反意疑問句形式 句式基本特征：It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that…，isn’t / wasn’t it？ It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, ______? A. do they B. didn’t they C. wasn’t it D. was it 強調(diào)句與其它句型的結(jié)合 與名詞從句的結(jié)合句式特征為：整個強調(diào)句型用作名詞性從句或者在強調(diào)句型中含有名詞性從句。 ①I’ve already forgotten _________you put the dictionary. A. that it was there B. where was it that C. that where it was D. where it was that 【解析】D。本題是經(jīng)過變形的強調(diào)句型用作賓語從句的體現(xiàn)，為了更好地理解，我們分三步對其進行討論。 第一步：復(fù)原→It was on the desk that I put the dictionary. 第二步：對劃線部分提問→Where was it that you put the dictionary? 第三步：變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序，將其用作forgotten的賓語從句則變?yōu)椋篒’ve already forgotten where it was that you put the dictionary. ②It was at the very beginning ____Mr. Fox made the decision _____ we should send more firefighters there. A. when; which B. where; what C. then; so D. that; that 【解析】D。第一個that為強調(diào)句型中的that；第二個that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明the decision的內(nèi)容。 與定語從句的結(jié)合句式特征為：在強調(diào)句型的被強調(diào)部分或其他部分中找出一個先行詞，附上修飾該部分的定語從句。 ①It was in the small house _____was built with stones by his father ____he spent his childhood. A. which; that B. that; where C. which; which D. that; which 【解析】A。本題含義為＂是在這間小房子里他度過了童年＂，the small house作先行詞，其后的定語從句缺做主語的關(guān)系代詞；第二空所缺的應(yīng)是強調(diào)句型中的結(jié)構(gòu)詞that，故答案選A。 ②Is _______three hours ______the boy _______family is poor to e to school on foot? A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that; 【解析】B。本題結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，是定語從句、強調(diào)句型的一般問句形式和句式It takes sb. some time to do sth.的糅合。我們也分幾步來看這個句子： 第一步：基本句式It takes the boy three hours to e to school on foot. 第二步：以the boy為先行詞，后面附上定語從句，則變?yōu)椋? It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to e to school on foot. 第三步：用強調(diào)句型對上句中的劃線部分進行強調(diào)，則變?yōu)椋篒t is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor to e to school on foot. 第四步：將上句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧淇芍鸢浮? 強調(diào)句型的省略形式 句式特征為：在一定的上下文中，強調(diào)句型的that(who)及其后面的部分可以省略。作題時要特別注意將其復(fù)原并加以比較。 ①—Who is making so much noise in the garden? —________ the children. A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are 【解析】答案為A。強調(diào)句型在具體的語境中的省略，其完整形式應(yīng)是：It is the children who are making so much noise in the garden.。 ②—He was nearly drowned once. —When was that? —_______ was in 1998 he was in middle school. A. That; that B. it; when C. This; that D. It; that 【解析】B。強調(diào)句的一種省略，完整形式是：It was in 1998 when he was in middle school that he was nearly drowned. 強調(diào)句型的構(gòu)成是：It is (was) + 被強調(diào)部分+ that (who) + 句子的其他成分。被強調(diào)的部分放在 It is (was) 之后，其它部分置于that之后。被強調(diào)部分可以是主語，賓語，表語或狀語。強調(diào)的主語如果是人，可以由who代替that。 1. 被強調(diào)的成分舉例： 原句：Tom found my pen in the classroom yesterday. 強調(diào)主語：It was Tom who / that found my pen in the classroom yesterday. 強調(diào)賓語：It was my pen that Tom found in the classroom yesterday. 強調(diào)地點狀語：It was in the classroom that Tom found my pen yesterday. 強調(diào)時間狀語：It was yesterday that Tom found my pen in the classroom. 2. 強調(diào)句型的一般疑問式： 直接把is或was提到it之前即可。如： Was it Tom that found your pen in the classroom yesterday? 3. 強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問式： 特殊疑問詞+ is (was) it + that +句子的其他成分。特殊疑問詞即是被強調(diào)的成分。如： Who was it that found your pen in the classroom yesterday? 4. that (who) 有時可以省略： 這種強調(diào)句型中的that或who有時可以省略。如： It was my brother (that / whom) you saw the other day. 5. 強調(diào)原因狀語從句要注意： 若從句由as或since引導(dǎo)，強調(diào)時則改為because，這是因為，because引導(dǎo)的原因從句表示的意義非常強烈，符合強調(diào)句的目的。例如： As she got up late, she missed the first bus. 變?yōu)椋? It was because she got up late that she missed the bus. 6. 強調(diào)句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移： 有些否定句在變成強調(diào)句時，要把否定轉(zhuǎn)移到被強調(diào)的詞語之前。尤其是not... until...;句式的強調(diào)要特別注意。例如： He didn’t realize his mistake until the teacher had told him. 變?yōu)椋? It wasn’t until the teacher had told him that he realized his mistake. 【注意】 在強調(diào)句式中，雖然not被提前，但not... until...句型不要倒裝。 高考中強調(diào)句型考查熱點 考向一 強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 強調(diào)句型It is / was + 被強調(diào)的成份 + that + 其他成份；用來強調(diào)主語、賓語和狀語等成份。that只起連接作用，不作成份，但不能省略。有時強調(diào)的部分比較特殊，如主語從句、狀語從句、名詞、不定式短語、V-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等。如： It was in the library that I saw her yesterday. 我昨天正是在圖書館見到她的。 1.(2018天津卷單項填空)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat. A. which B. that C. when D. where 【答案】B 2.(2016天津卷單項填空)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel __________ the coach picks up tourists. A. who B. which C. where D. that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你在一個錯誤的地方等待。大客車是在旅店接送游客的。本題考查強調(diào)句，強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was+強調(diào)部分+that+其余部分，如果強調(diào)部分是人，也可以用who，這句話強調(diào)的是地點狀語at the hotel。故選D。 3. It was the culture, rather than the language, _________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad A. where B. why C. that D. what 【答案】C 考向二 特殊句式中的強調(diào)句型 1. 如果強調(diào)的是特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，表示到底、究竟等語氣時，就用如下結(jié)構(gòu)： 特殊疑問詞 + is / was + it + that + 該句的其余部分。如： How is it that you usually go to work? 你通常是怎樣去上班的? 2. 在強調(diào)not... until結(jié)構(gòu)中由until所引導(dǎo)的短語(或從句)作時間狀語時，要用固定的強調(diào)句型：It + is / was + not until... + that + 該句的其余部分，that所引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動詞用肯定式。如： His father didn’t e back from work until 12o’clock. = It was not until 12 o’clock that his father came home form work. 直到12點他的爸爸才下班回家。 1. Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized. A. while B. though C. that D. after 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：馬赫死于1750年，但直到19世紀他的音樂天賦才被承認。強調(diào)句與not until 連用。It be not until that … 故選C項。 2.Was it because Jack came late for school ____________ Mr. Smith got angry? A. why B. who C. where D. that 【答案】D 考向三 強調(diào)句型與時間狀語從句、定語從句的判斷 強調(diào)句型要注意和it代表時間、距離、溫度、自然現(xiàn)象、具體事物或人物等時所構(gòu)成的各種句型的區(qū)別。試比較： It was on March 1 that I had my hair cut. (強調(diào)句) It was March 1 when I had my hair cut. (后面是定語從句) 判斷是否是強調(diào)句，可采用還原法。如果還原為一般句式后，句子各種成份完整，則是強調(diào)句。否則不是。如第一句可還原成：I had my hair cut on March 1. 題組一 能力過關(guān) I. 單項填空 1. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ＿＿＿ makes life happy. A. that B. which C. what D. who 2. It was with the help of the local guide ________ the mountain climber was rescued. A. who B. that C．when D. how 3. It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to plete. A. when B. that C. which D. what 4. It was not until near the end of the letter ________ she mentioned her own plan. A. that B. where C. why D. when 6. It was ten o’clock _________ he came back home. A. when B. that C. since D. after 7. It was not until he came back _________ he knew the police were looking for him. A. which B. since C. that D. before 8. ＂Was it under the tree ________ you were away talking to a friend?＂ ＂Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone. A. that B. where C. which D. while 9. It’s more than half a century ________ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people. A. when B. that C. since D. while 10. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan. A. which B. as C. that D. when II．短文改錯 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。 When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and bee a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days. 題組二 體驗真題 1. （2016天津卷單項填空）It was when I got back to my apartment ___________ I first came across my new neighbors. A. who B. where C. which D. that 2.（2016上海卷語法填空）But like so many other things, it is only too much stress (34) _______ does you harm. 題組一 能力過關(guān) I. 單項填空 1.A 2.B 【解析】考查強調(diào)句型。由于被強調(diào)的是with the help of the local guide，而并非guide, 所以用that來連接。 3.B 【解析】考查強調(diào)句型。句意：只有在讀了這些文件后，格羅斯先生才認識到他面臨著的任務(wù)很難完成。此句是對only引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的強調(diào)。省略了it was…that之后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整。 4.A 【解析】考查強調(diào)句型。根據(jù)固定句型it was not until … that… 直到……才，得出答案為that。句意：直到在信的結(jié)尾她才提到了她的計劃。 6. A 【解析】when 表示＂當(dāng)……的時候＂，句首的 it 表示時間，全句意為＂當(dāng)他回到家時，時間是10點鐘。＂ 7. C 【解析】為 He didn’t know the police were looking for him until he came back 之強調(diào)形式。注意，not … until … 的強調(diào)句式通常為 It was not until … that … 的形式。 8.D 【解析】此題很容易誤選A，認為這是強調(diào)句型。其實此題應(yīng)選D。做好此題的關(guān)鍵是正確理解上下文的語境。在此句中，it 是代詞，指代 the bike，句意為：＂當(dāng)你離開去同朋友談話的時候，你的自行車是在這樹下嗎?＂＂當(dāng)然，但當(dāng)我回來時，自行車就不見了。＂現(xiàn)在反過來分析一下，假若選A，將此句判為強調(diào)句，句子即為 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若進一步轉(zhuǎn)換為非強調(diào)句，句子則為 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意顯然很荒唐。 9.C 10.C 【解析】容易誤選A，受空格前逗號的影響，誤認為這是一個非限制性定語從句，從而誤選了A。其實，此題最佳答案為C，整個句子為強調(diào)句，被強調(diào)成分為 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort 這一結(jié)構(gòu)，干擾了許多同學(xué)對 it was lack of money that defeated their plan 這一強調(diào)句的認識和理解。 II．短文改錯 【答案】 When I look at this picture of myself, I realize how fast time flies. I grown not only physically, also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was , I entered my second year of high school and a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of high school days. 【答案解析】 第一處：刪除realize后的of 考查介詞。realize是及物動詞，后面接賓語時不需要介詞。 第二處：had→have 考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語in the past few years判斷用現(xiàn)在完成時。 第三處：and→but 考查連詞。固定短語not only…but also…意為＂不但……而且……＂。 第四處：took→taken 考查動詞。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示被動含義，故把took改為taken。 第八處：difference→different 考查形容詞。修飾名詞kinds應(yīng)該用形容詞形式。 第九處：late→latest 考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)句意可知此處指最新的音樂唱片，故把late改為latest。 第十處：your→my 考查代詞。根據(jù)句意可知此處是我高中時代生活的美好回憶，故把your改為my。 題組二 體驗真題 1.D 【解析】句意：當(dāng)我回到我的公寓的時候，我第一次遇見了我的新鄰居。本句中去掉It was 和空格，句意完整，所以本句是強調(diào)句型，強調(diào)的是時間狀語，應(yīng)用that。故選D。 2.that 【解析】考查強調(diào)句型。強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為It is/was+被強調(diào)成分+that/who+其他成分；其最大的特點就是去掉it is/was...that/who...后句子仍然成立。要注意強調(diào)句型能強調(diào)除謂語動詞以外的所有的句子成分。本句強調(diào)的是句子主語only too much stress。