2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)自練題 Unit 4 Earthquakes（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

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Unit 4 Earthquakes ***閱讀理解 At 23， my career got going. I was midway through a master’s degree at the London School of Economics and Political Science and had been hired as a parttime reporter for a finance website. I got a great onemonth review and my boss asked if I was interested in staying at the pany after graduation. However， balancing graduate studies with work was challenging. To deal with it， I checked my real self at my office door. I came in to work， greeted my colleagues and listened more than I contributed in each morning meeting. The small team I worked with often seemed busy， so rather than giving ideas that might get turned down， I stayed back. After four months， my boss called me into his office. The meeting was going well until he told me that despite the great work I had produced， the team had held a meeting and decided， “We don’t think it’s the right fit.” I must have looked confused. “You’re ambitious， intelligent and will be very successful，” my boss said. “But you haven’t made enough effort to join the team. You lost the enthusiasm you showed in your interview. That won’t work long term， and if I could give you one piece of advice， it would be to get your guard down.” I couldn’t believe that performing well at my job wasn’t enough to keep it. But I knew my boss was right. They knew that when they hired me， I had no experience in finance reporting， yet they took a chance on me. In meetings I usually contributed last， after I had heard everyone else’s suggestions. I did it to show that I was a listener， but also to hide my fears. They liked the person who walked into the interview， and they didn’t respect me when I hid that person from them. “Don’t leave before you leave.” That advice is essential for women at all stages of our careers. Because we work so hard for success， we don’t like to think that we hurt ourselves sometimes. But each of us must change when necessary. In trying to earn a fulltime job， I “l(fā)eaned back” in order not to show too much of myself or my lack of expertise（專門知識(shí)）. I learned that the hard way wasn’t the way to achieve our goals. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文?！拔摇痹诠竟ぷ?，在團(tuán)隊(duì)里，“我”辛苦勤奮，所在的團(tuán)隊(duì)也緊張忙碌，但是“我”害怕表達(dá)自己的主張和建議。老板在肯定了“我”的成績(jī)的同時(shí)，建議“我”勇于表達(dá)自己的主張，分享個(gè)人的建議。 1.Why was the author offered a job at the pany at first？ A.She just got her master’s degree in finance. B.She greatly impressed her boss in her first month. C.She had quite a lot of experience in finance reporting. D.She showed her special financial talent while working there. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句可知，在第一個(gè)月的工作中，“我”獲得了很高的評(píng)價(jià)，給老板留下了深刻的印象，故老板決定聘用“我”。故B項(xiàng)正確。 2.During her next four months at the pany， the author___________　　　　Ｗ. A.performed well enough to earn the team’s respect B.didn’t balance her graduate studies with work very well　 C.was a good listener and contributed a lot in the meetings D.was afraid to offer her ideas because of her lack of confidence D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句并結(jié)合第四段倒數(shù)第二句可知，“我”工作所在的團(tuán)隊(duì)常?？雌饋?lái)很忙碌，“我”擔(dān)心自己的建議或想法遭到拒絕，所以只愿做一個(gè)傾聽(tīng)者。據(jù)此可知，由于缺乏自信，“我”害怕表達(dá)自己的想法，故D項(xiàng)正確。 3.What does the author intend to tell us in the passage？ A.We should always keep up our enthusiasm at work. B.Expertise and experience are greatly valued in the workplace. C.We should not shy away from sharing our ideas when working in a team. D.It’s unwise of women to show themselves off when they are taking part in teamwork. C　解析：寫作意圖題。文章第二段描述了“我”辛苦勤奮，所在的團(tuán)隊(duì)緊張忙碌，第三、四段講述老板對(duì)“我”工作的評(píng)價(jià)：雖然辛苦努力，但是“我”缺乏在團(tuán)隊(duì)中建言獻(xiàn)策的自信和勇氣，并不能贏得團(tuán)隊(duì)的尊敬。據(jù)此可以判斷，本文旨在告訴讀者在團(tuán)隊(duì)工作中不要畏懼表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，故C項(xiàng)正確。 ***語(yǔ)法填空 The wives who lived within the walls of the Weinsberg Castle in Germany were well aware of the riches it held: gold, silver, jewels, and wealth beyond belief. Then the day came in 1140 AD when all their __1__ (value) treasure was threatened. Welf, the Duke of Bavaria, sat __2__ (trap) inside his Weinsberg Castle. Outside the castle walls lay the army of Frederick, the Duke of Swabia, __3__ his brother, the Emperor Konrad, __4__ army had surrounded the castle and demanded the fortunes and the lives of the men within. Although the conquering mander had set a condition for the safe release of all the women and children, the wives in Weinsberg refused __5__ (leave) without having their own condition met. They demanded that they be allowed to fill their arms __6__ as many possessions as they could carry out. Thinking that the women couldnt __7__ (possible) take much, they met their request. When the castle gates opened, the army outside was brought to __8__ (tear): every woman was carrying her husband! Konrad assured the women of their husbands plete __9__ (safe) and freedom. He invited them all to a banquet and __10__ (make) peace with the Duke of Bavaria on terms much more favorable than expected. Afterwards, the castle was known for womens loyalty. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　 6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了德國(guó)Weinsberg城堡，該城堡以婦女的忠誠(chéng)聞名于世。 1．valuable/invaluable　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幮揎椕~treasure且表示“(極)寶貴的”，故用value的形容詞形式valuable或invaluable。 2．trapped　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞trap和主語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示“(已經(jīng))被困城堡之內(nèi)”，故用過(guò)去分詞trapped作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。 3．a(chǎn)nd　考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該句中的“Frederick, the Duke of Swabia”和“his brother, the Emperor Konrad”之間是并列關(guān)系，故用and。 4．whose　考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，army和先行詞之間是所屬關(guān)系，故用whose引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。 5．to leave　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。refuse to do sth.為固定短語(yǔ)，表示“拒絕做某事”，此處表示，城堡里的婦女要求滿足她們的條件，否則就拒絕離開(kāi)。 6．with　考查介詞。fill (sth.) with sth. 為固定用法，意為“用……填滿……”，故填with。 7．possibly　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞take，故用副詞形式。 8．tears　考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。tear為可數(shù)名詞，此處構(gòu)成固定搭配bring sb.to tears，意為“使某人流淚”，故用tear的復(fù)數(shù)形式tears。 9．safety　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)該句中的“plete ... and freedom”可知，形容詞plete修飾空處所填詞，空處與名詞freedom為并列關(guān)系，故用名詞形式safety。 10．made　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“He invited them”及全文時(shí)態(tài)可知，此處陳述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 ***完形填空 As an older student at your school，do you sometimes feel a kind of responsibility? I was lucky enough to be named one of our prefects(級(jí)長(zhǎng))．My__1__ has so far meant that Ive had to help with school meetings，events，and many__2__ across the school. One of the events was a soccer tournament for 7th and 8th year prefects in September.We had to __3__ a soccer team made up of several prefects for the tournament. __4__ at the soccer field on the day of the tournament，we were full of__5__ that our__6__ and age would be enough for us to win.__7__ ，we had underestimated(低估)the situation.The younger students quickly started dominating us，and__8__ beat us.We were__9__ of the petition after the first game! Having been__10__ ，we realized that our size and age really didnt __11__ ，as the younger students were not intimidated(威脅)．However, although we were defeated，we were able to talk to the __12__ students afterwards，which was quite __13__. After our pitiful attempt at__14__ soccer，we had to help referee(裁判)the final few__15__.Refereeing was a difficult task，as a bad__16__ could cost a team the game.__17__ for me，there were no extremely difficult decisions. After refereeing，we were all given dinner and the student leaders and the younger kids all __18__ together.At that moment I__19__ the true job of a prefect—we are here to __20__ the school. 1．A.job B．cure C．enquiry D．opportunity 2．A.activities B．teachers C．libraries D．professors 3．A.suspect B．form C．quarrel D．challenge 4．A.Attending B．Aiming C．Guiding D．Arriving 5．A.curiosity B．possibility C．pity D．confidence 6．A.mask B．strength C．speed D．size 7．A.Besides B．Therefore C．Although D．However 8．A.previously B．hardly C．eventually D．firstly 9．A.knocked out B．knocked at C．knocked on D．knocked off 10．A.scolded B．defeated C．blamed D．praised 11．A.rise B．clarify C．matter D．go 12．A.senior B．younger C．cleverer D．smarter 13．A.anxious B．pleasant C．upset D．delighted 14．A.playing B．giving C．offering D．helping 15．A.problems B．deals C．issues D．games 16．A.movement B．signal C．decision D．suspect 17．A.Sadly B．Calmly C．Privately D．Luckily 18．A.sat B．seated C．jumped D．leaped 19．A.neglected B．realized C．tolerated D．dreamed 20．A.adjust B．reform C．unite D．change 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作為學(xué)校的一名級(jí)長(zhǎng)，作者參加了學(xué)校舉行的足球比賽，由此獲得了一些感悟。 【核心詞匯】confidence n．信心　eventually adv.最后，終于　knock out淘汰 1．A　根據(jù)下文中的“help with school meetings, events”可知，這些是級(jí)長(zhǎng)的工作內(nèi)容。job “工作，職責(zé)”；cure“治愈”；enquiry “詢問(wèn)”；opportunity“機(jī)會(huì)”。 2．A　根據(jù)上文中的“meetings, events”可知，此處表示學(xué)校里的許多活動(dòng)。故選A。 3．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示我們(作為級(jí)長(zhǎng))不得不組成一支球隊(duì)參加比賽。suspect“懷疑”；form“形成，組成”；quarrel“爭(zhēng)吵”；challenge“向……挑戰(zhàn)”。 4．D　此處表示比賽那天我們來(lái)到足球場(chǎng)上。arrive at“到達(dá)，抵達(dá)”。 5．D　根據(jù)下文中“that our __6__ and age would be enough for us to win”的提示可知，我們充滿信心。curiosity“好奇心”；possibility“可能性”；pity“憐憫”；confidence“信心”。 6．D　根據(jù)下文中的“we realized that our size and age”可知，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。mask“面具”； strength“力量”；speed“速度”；size“大小，尺寸”。 7．D　根據(jù)下文中的“we had underestimated(低估)the situation.The younger students quickly started dominating us”可知，此處與上文提到的有信心贏得比賽形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選D。 8．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，年輕的學(xué)生很快控制了比賽并最終取得了比賽的勝利。previously“先前”；hardly “簡(jiǎn)直不”；eventually “最終”；firstly“首先”。 9．A　根據(jù)上文中的“The younger students quickly started dominating us, and __8__ beat us”可知，我們被淘汰(knocked out)了。 10．B　根據(jù)上文中的“and__8__ beat us”和下文中的“we were defeated”可知，此處表示我們被擊敗。scold“責(zé)罵”；defeat“擊敗”；blame“責(zé)怪”；praise“表?yè)P(yáng)”。 11．C　在被擊敗之后，我們意識(shí)到體型和年齡并不重要。rise“升起”；clarify“澄清”；matter“重要”；go“去”。 12．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示我們賽后和那些年輕的學(xué)生交流。 13．B　賽后和那些年輕的學(xué)生交流，那是令人愉快的。anxious“焦慮的；擔(dān)心的”；pleasant“令人愉快的”；upset“沮喪的”；delighted“(人感到)高興的”。 14．A　在踢足球的嘗試失敗后，我們不得不協(xié)助為最后的幾場(chǎng)比賽擔(dān)任裁判。playing soccer符合語(yǔ)境。 15．D　參見(jiàn)上題解析。problem “問(wèn)題”；deal“交易”；issue“議題”；game “比賽”。 16．C　根據(jù)下文中的“there were no extremely difficult decisions”可知，此處表示一次不恰當(dāng)?shù)呐卸ǎ床门凶龀龅臎Q定(decision)會(huì)影響比賽的結(jié)果。movement “移動(dòng)”；signal “信號(hào)”；decision “決定”；suspect“嫌疑人”。 17．D　上文提到“Refereeing was a difficult task”，下文提到“there were no extremely difficult decisions”，由此可知，上下文之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，再結(jié)合句意可知，Luckily符合語(yǔ)境。sadly“不幸地”；calmly“鎮(zhèn)靜地”；privately“私下地”；luckily“幸運(yùn)地”。 18．A　根據(jù)上文中的“After refereeing, we were all given dinner...together”可知，賽后大家坐在一起吃飯交流。 19．B　根據(jù)上文中的“After refereeing, we were all given dinner and the student leaders and the younger kids all __18__ together”可知，作者處于這樣的場(chǎng)景之中不由得有所思考，所以此處為“意識(shí)到”。neglect“忽略”；realize“意識(shí)到”；tolerate“忍受”；dream“夢(mèng)想”。 20．C　句意：那一刻，我意識(shí)到級(jí)長(zhǎng)真正的職責(zé)在于使學(xué)校(所有人)都團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)。adjust“調(diào)整”；reform“改革”；unite“使團(tuán)結(jié)”；change“改變”。 ***短文改錯(cuò) Im writing this email to ask you for help. As an English song lover, I have a strong desire to taking part in the English song contest to be held in next month. The song Ive decided to sing was Skyfall. To sing this song better, I am wondering if you could tell me anything about the background informations of the song. Whats more, could you spend some time listening to the song and giving myself some advice? Since youre native English speaker and expert in singing, I sincere hope you can give me a hand. I would appreciate it whether you could send me a reply at your earliest convenient. Thank you in advance. 答案： Im writing this email to ask you for help. As an English song lover, I have a strong desire to part in the English song contest to be held next month. The song Ive decided to sing Skyfall. To sing this song better, I am wondering if you could tell me about the background of the song. Whats more, could you spend some time listening to the song and giving some advice? Since youre native English speaker and expert in singing, I hope you can give me a hand. I would appreciate it you could send me a reply at your earliest . Thank you in advance. 難項(xiàng)分析： 第二處：去掉next前的in　考查介詞。表示時(shí)間的名詞前面有l(wèi)ast, next等修飾時(shí)，前面不用介詞。故將in去掉。 第四處：anything→something　考查代詞。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)該是告訴“我”“一些事情(something)”，而不是“任何事情(anything)”。故將anything改為something。 第九處：whether→if　考查連詞。whether和if作“是否”講，有時(shí)可以互換，但是此處應(yīng)表示的是條件，意為“如果”，這時(shí)只能用if。故將whether改為if。 ***