2019-2020年七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) 第二單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)課件 人教新目標(biāo)版.doc

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2019-2020年七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) 第二單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 一.重點(diǎn)詞匯： 1.表示地點(diǎn)的名詞 post office library restaurant bank supermarket street pay phone park bridge neighborhood market garden airport 2.表示方位的介詞 near 在附近 across from 在 …對(duì)面 next to 緊挨著 between 。。。and在（兩者）。。。之間 in front of 在。。。前面（是指范圍之外前面） in the front of 在。。。前面（是指范圍之內(nèi)前面） behind。。。在。。。之后 on the right 在右面 on the left 在左面 on the right of 。。。在。。。右面 on the left of。。。在。。。左面 三.重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)和短語(yǔ) 1.in the neighborhood 在附近= near here 2.turn left/right 左拐 、右拐 3.pay 付款 動(dòng)詞 1).pay for 支付，付款 He often pays for my job. 2).pay…（錢(qián)）for sth為。。。付款 花錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物 He pays ten yuan for his meals every day. 4. there 在那里 副詞 短語(yǔ)：over there 在那里 get there 到那里 句型:There be {is / are +某人/某物 +地點(diǎn). There be 結(jié)構(gòu)是英語(yǔ)中陳述事物客觀存 常用句型,表示"有",其確切含義是"存在"there 作為引導(dǎo)詞,本身沒(méi)有意義,用動(dòng)詞be的某些形式作為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,它的主語(yǔ)是用一些表示泛指或不定特指的名詞詞組,動(dòng)詞be和 主語(yǔ)的數(shù)必須一致。句子最后通常為表示地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。因此要表達(dá)"某個(gè)地方或某個(gè)時(shí)間存在什么事物或人"的時(shí)候常用"There be + 名詞+ 地點(diǎn)(時(shí)間)這一句型。例如: There is a big supermarket across the street. There are some students in the classroom. 注意：There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂一致 1).當(dāng)動(dòng)詞be后所接的名詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),be 應(yīng)該用單數(shù)is;當(dāng)其后所接的名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),be用復(fù)數(shù)are. Theres a man near the door. There is some milk in the bottle. There are some girls in the street. 2).如果There be 后面是幾個(gè)并列名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞be的形式和最靠近它的那個(gè)名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。 There is a book and two pens on the table. There are two pens and a book on the table.（be 動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)最靠近be的那個(gè)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來(lái)確定） 3).There be 句型的否定句有兩種構(gòu)成方式,一種是將否定詞not放在be 之后. 如: There isnt a box in the room. There arent any pens on the desk. 另一種是在主語(yǔ)前加上不定代詞no , 如: There is no water in the bottle. no=not a/not any There isn’t any water in the bottle. 4).There be 句型的一般疑問(wèn)句是將be 放在there 之前,回答時(shí)用yes或no,后接簡(jiǎn)單答語(yǔ)。如: Is there a cake on the table? Yes,there is. / No,there isnt. 5) .there be 和 have 、has 的區(qū)別 have 和 has 的意思都是“有”，它們和前面學(xué)過(guò)的 there be 句型不同。 there be 句型表達(dá)的是“在某個(gè)地方存在某人、某物等”表存在。 have 和 has 則表示“某人擁有某物”。表人和物的所有關(guān)系。例如： There is a bag on the desk . There are some books in the bag . The boy has a big bag . I have some books in my bag . have 和 has 的區(qū)別是：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)， has ; 其他人稱(chēng)作主語(yǔ)，則使用 have。例如： I have a red bike . We have a big house . He has a black car . My brother has a new ruler . 5. open：1). 形容詞 ：開(kāi)業(yè)的.營(yíng)業(yè)的。它放在系動(dòng)詞之后。如：be、keep(保持)等 例如：The store is open at 9:oo in the morning. 2). 動(dòng)詞： 打開(kāi) 例如：Please open the door. 6.wele 歡迎 歡迎來(lái)某地：wele to +地點(diǎn) 例如：Wele to China. Wele to our school. Thank you very much. You are wele. 7.enjoy 喜歡，享受、、、樂(lè)趣，欣賞 例如:Let’s enjoy our beautiful school. 句型：1).enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事 I enjoy listening to music. 2).enjoy oneself 玩的高興，過(guò)得愉快（注意：oneself是指反身代詞，表示某人自己。如：myself yourself herself himself ourselves themselves itself 等，它的形式要和前面的人稱(chēng)代詞保持一致）同義短語(yǔ)為：have fun/have a good time He enjoys himself at home every week. =He has a good time at home every week. =He has fun at home every week. 8.walk :1).名詞 散步 go for a walk 去散步 take a walk 散步 2).動(dòng)詞 散步 步行去學(xué)校walk to school =go to school on foot 例如: He often walks to school. =He often goes to school on foot. 9. through 介詞 通過(guò)（是指在空間內(nèi)部通過(guò)，指縱向）Go through the park . across 介詞 通過(guò) （是指在橫截面通過(guò)，指橫向）Go across the street ,you can find a bank. cross 動(dòng)詞 cross= go aross 10. at the beginning of 在。。。開(kāi)始 At the beginning of the term, my mother often tells me to study hard. 11. visit 動(dòng)詞 參觀，拜訪(fǎng)，看望 短語(yǔ)：參觀某地 visit +地點(diǎn)/某人 He often visits our school. He visits his friends every week. 名詞 visitor 參觀者 ，游客 12. arrive 到達(dá) 不及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要加介詞，arrive in +大地點(diǎn) arrive at +小地點(diǎn) 。 He usually arrives in Beijing at 2:oo. He arrives at school at 6: 30 in the morning. 注意以前學(xué)過(guò)的get to 也是到達(dá)的意思后面直接跟地點(diǎn)名詞。但如果后面是副詞時(shí)，to 要省略。如:get home/there. 13.hope 希望 1). 希望做某事hope to do sth 希望自己做某事 I hope to go to the movies on Sunday. 2). Hope +從句 既可以指自己，也可以指別人 I hope she can help me. 14.way 道路 the way to。。。去。。。的路 例如：I know the way to Beijing. on the /形容詞物主代詞way to 在去。。。的路上 On my way to school, I often meet my friends. 四．重點(diǎn)句型： 1.表示某人某物在某地某處時(shí)，有兩種表達(dá)方式。 1).There be +某人某物+某地某處。 如：There is the post office behind the bank. There are three boys in front of the house. 2).某人某物 +be{is/are +某地某處 如：A post office is behind the bank. Three boys are in front of the house. 2.詢(xún)問(wèn)方向的常用句型： 1)Excuse me! Where is the post office？郵局在哪里？ 2)Can you tell me the way to the post office？ 你能告訴我去郵局的路嗎？ 3).How can I get to the post office？ 我怎樣到達(dá)郵局呢？ 4)．Is there a post office near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有郵局嗎？ 5)． Which is the way to the post office？ 哪條是去郵局的路？ 6).Do you know the way to the post office?你知道去郵局的路嗎？ 3．指路常用句型： 1). Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。 2). Turn left at the second turning.在第二個(gè)路口向左轉(zhuǎn)。 3). You can find it on your right. 你會(huì)在你右手邊發(fā)現(xiàn)它。 4). It is about fifty metres from here. 離這里大約五十米遠(yuǎn)。 5). You can take a bus. 你可以坐公交 4. Bridge Street is a good place to have fun. 句型：a good place to do sth一個(gè)做某事的好地方 例如：School is a good place to read. 5. a small house with an interesting garden 一個(gè)帶有趣花園的小房子 ，with 帶有的意思，是介詞，所在的短語(yǔ)在句中作定語(yǔ)。放在所修飾詞的后面。 China is a great country with a long history. I like the books with beautiful pictures.