英漢翻譯定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯.ppt

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Lecture Eleven,Comparison of English and Chinese Attributives, and Translation of English Attributive Clauses 英漢定語(yǔ)的比較與英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句的漢譯,Translating English Restrictive Attributive Clauses,Rendered into Chinese Pre-attributive（前置法） That is a place which people have seen but few can describe. 那是一個(gè)很多人都看見(jiàn)過(guò)但幾乎沒(méi)有人能夠描寫(xiě)出來(lái)的地方。 All who know me, consider me an eminently safe man. 知道我的人無(wú)不認(rèn)為我是個(gè)杰出的穩(wěn)健派。 The heart that loves is always young. 愛(ài)心永遠(yuǎn)是年輕的。 There is not loyal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of its steep paths have a chance of gaining its luminous summits. 在科學(xué)上沒(méi)有平坦的大道，只有不畏勞苦，沿著陡峭山路攀登的人，才有希望到達(dá) 光輝的頂點(diǎn)。,Language is a tool by means of which people communicate ideas with each other. 語(yǔ)言是人們交流思想的工具。,Rendered into Chinese Compound Sentences（并列法）,We live in a world where relations between states are relations of forces. 在我們所處的世界上，國(guó)家之間的關(guān)系是力量對(duì)比的關(guān)系。 A true friend is, as it were, a polished mirror which reflects our features, good and bad, as they are. 一個(gè)真正的朋友，就好象一面磨光的鏡子，它把我們的面貌，不論好的，壞的， 都如實(shí)地反映出來(lái)。 You may have read stories in which the hero gets into his spaceship and “blasts off” into the outer reaches of space without a worry about fuel. 你大概讀過(guò)這樣的一些故事吧，它們描寫(xiě)一個(gè)英雄坐上飛船，“風(fēng)馳電摯”，直沖九霄之外，毋須為燃料擔(dān)心發(fā)愁。,A very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river. 位置十分合適；它位于兩座大山之中，一條大河從中間流過(guò)。 This was the period when he began the research which resulted in the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity. 就在這段期間，他開(kāi)始了一項(xiàng)研究，通過(guò)這項(xiàng)研究創(chuàng)立了著名的相對(duì)論學(xué)說(shuō)。,Rendered into Chinese Predicate（融合法）,“We are a nation that must beg to stay alive.” said a foreign economist. 一位外國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家說(shuō)道：“我們這個(gè)國(guó)家不討飯就活不下去?！?There was that in Rawdon’s face which cuased Becky to fling herself before him. 羅登臉上的表情使得貝姬撲到他身前。 They are aware that they are participating in a movement which is shaking the world and which brings together in its ranks, in its forward march, all peoples aspiring to freedom and justice. 他們知道，他們所參加的運(yùn)動(dòng)正在震撼世界，并把渴望自由和正義的一切民族團(tuán)結(jié)到自己的行列中來(lái)，團(tuán)結(jié)到自己的進(jìn)軍中來(lái)。,Dawn breaking over the islands very beautiful in a soft light with many clouds. There is a transparency about the light love which cannot be described or painted. 曙色中的海島美麗極了，晨光微熹，彩云片片。澄澈的光彩是無(wú)法描寫(xiě)，無(wú)法勾畫(huà)出來(lái)的。 He wore the look of one who knows he is the victim of a terrible disease and understands his helplessness. 他臉上的神色就象是自知得了惡疾而又無(wú)藥可治了。,2) Translating English Non-restrictive Clauses,Rendered into Chinese Complex Clauses（譯為漢語(yǔ)聯(lián)合復(fù)句的分句） She knew that Amelia would tell her mother, who could probably tell Joseph. 她知道愛(ài)米麗亞準(zhǔn)會(huì)去告訴媽媽，做媽媽的多半又會(huì)說(shuō)給叫喬瑟夫聽(tīng)。 Nations such as Greece and Norway have large maritime fleets, which provide the transportation service. 像希臘和挪威這些國(guó)家具有龐大的遠(yuǎn)洋船隊(duì)，這些船隊(duì)能提供海上運(yùn)輸業(yè)務(wù)。 In the fields of the boxing championship he knocked out his opponent, who was carried out of the ring. 在拳擊錦標(biāo)賽的決賽中，他把對(duì)方擊昏在地，對(duì)手被抬出拳擊場(chǎng)。,The custom officer took up his suitcase, which was opened immediately in his presence. 海關(guān)官員拿起他的手提箱，并立即當(dāng)著他的面打開(kāi)。 Trams, which disappeared from Britain many years, are still used in several European cities. 有軌電車，多年前在英國(guó)銷聲匿跡了，但在歐洲大陸上有好幾個(gè)城市卻還在使用。 He had emotion, fire, longings, that were concealed behind a wall of reserve. 他胸中有著激情，烈火和渴望，即隱藏在一堵沉默寡言的墻后面。,It (World War II) was, however, more complex than the preceding world war, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources and territories. 第一次世界大戰(zhàn)只是帝國(guó)主義列強(qiáng)之間爭(zhēng)奪試場(chǎng)、資源、領(lǐng)土的沖突；而第二次世界大戰(zhàn)比較復(fù)雜。 We decided to stop for the night at the first hotel, which had a private bathroom. 第一家旅館有獨(dú)用的衛(wèi)生間，我們決定在那家旅館過(guò)夜。,Rendered into Pre-attribute,He thought to better his circumstance by marrying a young woman of the French nation, who was by profession an opera girl. 他想改善他周圍的環(huán)境，娶了一個(gè)唱歌劇的法國(guó)年輕女人做老婆。 When she studied at the college, Susan liked McColl, who was warm and pleasant, but did not like Hyneman, who was aloof and arrogant. 蘇三在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，她喜歡熱情愉快的麥科爾，不喜歡冷漠高傲的海尼曼。,Rendered into an Independent Sentence,One was Newman himself, who laughed as he recounted how he had hidden in that basement for several days. 紐曼本人就是其中的一個(gè)。他講述他一連幾天躲在在地下室的那種情景時(shí)，不禁哈哈大笑。 These books, which you can get at any bookstore, will give you all the information you need. 這幾本書(shū)將向你提供你所需的一切資料。你可以在任何書(shū)店買(mǎi)到這些書(shū)。,Rendered into a Clause together with the Antecedent,Modern man, who was enclosed by four walls and chained to an indoor job, realizes that he is shortening his days. 現(xiàn)代人為室內(nèi)工作所羈絆，終年幽禁在四壁之內(nèi)，深知這是在縮短自己的壽命。 Mr. John, for whom I was working was very generous about overtime payment. 我為瓊斯先生工作，他對(duì)加班加點(diǎn)的報(bào)酬很慷慨。,3）Translating Attributives with Adverbial Functions,Rendered into a clause of cause The strike would prevent the docking of ocean steamships which require assistance of tugboats. 罷工會(huì)使遠(yuǎn)洋輪船不能靠岸，因?yàn)樗鼈冃枰洗瑤椭?Many of our Welsh people are going to settle in North Carolina where land is cheap. 我們威爾士人有很多要去北卡羅利納定居，因?yàn)槟抢锿恋貎r(jià)格便宜。,Rendered into a Clause of Result,The rain washed away the track, which prevented the train from running. 大雨沖走了鐵軌，因此火車無(wú)法行駛。 He decided not to complete his university course, which was a great disappointment to his parents. 他決定不等大學(xué)畢業(yè)即行退學(xué)，為此他的父母大為失望。,Rendered into a Clause of Concession,He seeks neither reward nor praise, who does good for good’s sake. 一個(gè)人如果真正為干好事而干好事，就是不求利，也不求名。 The man who married my daughter will need to be tough, fast-moving, and quick-thinking. 誰(shuí)要是想娶我女兒為妻，就得吃苦耐勞，雷厲風(fēng)行，才思敏捷。,Rendered into a Clause of Turning,Many people who had few advantages in their youth have done great things for their country. 許多人雖然青年時(shí)代并沒(méi)有什么出眾之處，但后來(lái)都為國(guó)家作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。 Many run for the presidency who shouldn’t, and many others don’t run who should. 有許多人，雖然不應(yīng)該競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)，卻要競(jìng)選；而另有許多人，雖然應(yīng)該競(jìng)選，卻又不干。,Rendered into a Clause of Purpose,I haven’t given up my effort to get a passport, which will enable me to visit China. 我并沒(méi)有放棄努力去爭(zhēng)取一本護(hù)照，以便能訪問(wèn)中國(guó)。 Their base trick is to create a rumor-mongering trust that will cook up lies and fabrications which might, at least for a time, sidetrack attention from their scheming activities. 他們的卑鄙伎倆是設(shè)立謠言托拉斯，以便制造謠言和虛構(gòu)事實(shí)，旨在至少暫時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)移人們對(duì)其陰謀活動(dòng)的注意。,4) Translating English Special Attributive Clauses,Summarized Attributive Clause Caused by “which” The rain rattled on the roof all night, which kept us awake. 雨點(diǎn)整夜敲打在屋頂，這使得我們沒(méi)有能入睡。 Evidently he had the first quality of an angler, which is not to measure the pleasure by the catch. 他顯然具備了垂釣者的最重要的品質(zhì)，即以釣為了，釣多釣少無(wú)所謂。,Separated Attributive Clause,A new wide road was being finished that would go over the mountain and zigzag down to the bridge. 一條新的寬闊，越過(guò)山頭，盤(pán)旋而下直至橋頭的大路正在完工。 For the first time Albert Einstein sensed that there were things in nature that could not be seen, could not be touched, could hardly be imagined. 愛(ài)因斯坦第一次意識(shí)到自然界里還有看不見(jiàn)，摸不著， 幾乎不可思議的東西。,Double Attributive Clauses,She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar. 她是我認(rèn)識(shí)的唯一能彈吉他的女孩。 There are probably many things you already know which you can not really use. 可能有許多你已經(jīng)懂得了的東西，但你并不真正會(huì)用。,Homework for Today,1. “The only people a painter should know,” he used to say “are people who are beautiful people who are an artistic pleasure to look at, and restful to talk to. Men who are well-dressed and women who are lovely rule the world, at least they should do so.” 2. These are the great truths of modern life which Hughie Erskine never realized. 3. In education there should be good balance among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment. 4. The girl he loved was Laura Merton, the daughter of a retired army officer, who had lost his temper and his health in India, and had never found either of them again. 5. The unloving cities of America, which have seen so many lives frustrated and so many children stunted in body and mind, have recent years been the scene of rioting on a massive scale. 6. Nothing should be done in a hurry, that can be done slowly. 7. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Barthold, took ten years to complete. 8. … Kissenger and his small group of aids toured the Forbidden City, where the Chinese emperors had once lived in lofty splendor. 9. Nansen, who lived from 1861 to 1930, was the first explorer to cross Greenland. 10. The ambassador was giving a dinner for a few people whom he visited especially to talk to or hear from. 11. The military costs in Vietnam accelerated economic weakness in the United States, which cleverly exported its inflation abroad. 12. The inspired churchman that teaches him the sanctity of life and the importance of conduct is sent away empty.,The End of the Lecture Thank You!,