一般過去時(shí)的講解.ppt

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Grammar,知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu),動(dòng)詞的過去式,1. 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā) 生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 2. 表示過去經(jīng)?；?反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。,yesterday morning/afternoon last night/week/year/ Sunday/ in 1990 two years/weeks ago,Grammar,動(dòng)詞過去式的變化,1. 動(dòng)詞be的變化：,was,were,2. 助動(dòng)詞do的變化： do→ did (在過去時(shí)里助動(dòng)詞do沒有 人稱和數(shù)的變化) 如：Did you play soccer yesterday? Did he play soccer yesterday?,3. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的變化： 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。 規(guī)則變化有以下幾種： (1) 一般情況下在動(dòng)詞后加-ed。 e.g. play—played visit—visited walk—walked clean—cleaned,(2) 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾 加-d。 e.g. live—lived like—liked dance—danced hope—hoped,(3) 以一個(gè)元音加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，要先雙寫 這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。 e.g. stop—stopped drop—dropped plan—planned,(4) 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，先改y 為i，再加-ed。 e.g. study—studied carry—carried 不規(guī)則變化需要按一定的規(guī)律逐個(gè) 記憶。,規(guī)則動(dòng)詞詞-ed的讀音清念 /t/ ,元濁/d/ ; /t/ /d/ 之后念/id/,1、清念 /t/ ，即 ed 在清輔音后面念 /t/ , 例：finished helped passed cooked 2.元濁 /d/ ,即 ed 在元音，濁輔音后面/d/ 例：borrowed enjoyed called moved 3、/t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/ , 即 ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后 面念 /id/ 例：wanted shouted needed counted,◆不規(guī)則變化(需逐個(gè)記憶)： do — did come — came go — went sit — sat have — had can — could take — took give — gave put— put get — got swim — swam eat — ate tell— told sleep — slept see — saw wear — wore lie — lay drink — drank find — found write — wrote can — could will — would sing — sang read — read,do — did go — went read — read see — saw get — got sit — sat have/has — had am/is — was,在本單元中出現(xiàn)的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞有以下幾個(gè)：,III. 寫出下列單詞的過去式 talk milk am /is are go ride feed take do see,talked was went fed did,milked were rode took saw,I ___ 12 years old this year.,我去年11歲.,I ____ 11 years old last year.,He ____ in Beijing now.,他昨天在上海。,He ____ in Shanghai yesterday.,他現(xiàn)在在北京。,Please look at the sentences,我今年12歲.,am,was,is,was,They ____ in China today.,他們今天在中國(guó)。,They ____ in Japan yesterday.,他們昨天在日本。,are,were,am/ is,,was,are,,were,每天，早餐我吃雞蛋和牛奶。,I ____ eggs and milk for breakfast every morning.,昨天，早餐我吃面條。,I ____ noodles for breakfast yesterday morning.,他每天都吃水果。,He _____ fruit every day.,昨天他吃了3個(gè)蘋果。,He _____ 3 apples yesterday.,have/ has,,had,have,has,had,had,I get up at 6:30 every morning. I ___ up at 9:00 last Sunday.,He plays football every afternoon. He _____ basketball yesterday afternoon.,He does his homework every evening. He ____ some reading last night.,動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù),,動(dòng)詞過去式,got,played,did,They don’t watch TV in the evening. They _________ TV last night.,She doesn’t play basketball after school. She _________ basketball after school yesterday.,Do you go to school on foot every day? ___ you __ to school on footyesterday.,Does he go to school by bus every day? ___ he ___to school by bus yesterday?,don’t/ doesn’t,do/ does,,,didn’t,did,didn’t watch,didn’t play,Did,Did,go,go,◆一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):句中be動(dòng)詞用am/is/are, 實(shí)義 動(dòng)詞用三單或原形,表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或 現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和行為。 ★時(shí)標(biāo):always usually often sometimes never every day on Sundays ◆現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):句中動(dòng)詞用am/is/are +doing 形式,表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 ★時(shí)標(biāo): now at the moment listen look do sth. at+具體時(shí)刻 It’s+具體時(shí)刻,◆一般過去時(shí):句中be動(dòng)詞用was/were,實(shí)義動(dòng) 詞用動(dòng)詞過去式,表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的 動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)也可表示過去反復(fù)出現(xiàn) 的動(dòng)作(與頻度副詞usually, often等連用) I was nine years old in 2008. (過去某時(shí)間的狀態(tài)) I went to Shanghai last year. (過去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作) I often did my homework at school. (過去反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作),,我天天打籃球。 我正在打籃球。 我昨天打籃球。,I every day. I now. I yesterday.,play basketball,am playing basketball,played basketball,一般過去時(shí),,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),★時(shí)標(biāo): (漢語(yǔ)翻譯時(shí)常用“…了”) ① yesterday (昨天) ② yesterday morning / afternoon / evening (昨天早上 / 下午 / 晚上) ③ last night (昨晚) = yesterday evening ④ last year / month / week (去年 / 上個(gè)月 / 上星期) ⑤ the day before yesterday (前天) ⑥ in+過去的年份或月份 (在…年/在…月) ⑦ 時(shí)間段+ago (…以前) ⑧ just now (剛才) at that time=then (在那時(shí)) ⑨ when + 過去時(shí)句子 (一般過去時(shí)時(shí)間狀從),含be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)句式,①肯定句 主語(yǔ) + was / were + 表語(yǔ). ②否定句 主語(yǔ) + was / were not + 表語(yǔ). (wasn’t/ weren’t) ③一般疑問句 Was / Were + 主語(yǔ) + 表語(yǔ)? 肯定回答 Yes, 代詞 + was / were. 否定回答 No, 代詞 + wasn’t / weren’t. I ____ a teacher last year. I _______ a teacher last year. ______ you a teacher last year? Yes, I _____. / No, I _______.,,was,wasn’t,Were,was,wasn’t,①肯定句 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式+賓語(yǔ). I _______(watch) TV last night. ②否定句 主語(yǔ)+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ). I ____________(not watch) TV last night. ③一般疑問句 Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)? 肯定回答 Yes, 代詞+did. 否定回答 No, 代詞+didn’t. _____ you ______(watch) TV last night? Yes, I _____. / No, I ______. ④特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)原? What _____ you _____(do) last night?,含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)句式,watched,didn’t watch,Did watch,did,didn’t,did do,動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生事； be用was或用were, have, has變had； 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過去式，過去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志； 一般動(dòng)詞加-ed，若是特殊得硬記。 否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn’t添； 疑問句也不難，did放在主語(yǔ)前； 如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需還原； 動(dòng)詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。,1.He visited his friends last night. 2.Tom took some photos two days ago. 3.We went for a walk yesterday. 4.I studied in Beijing in 1999. 5.They played soccer yesterday morning.,1.He visited his friends last night. .否定句He didn’t visit his friends last night. 疑問句：Did he visit his friends last night? 肯定回答：Yes, he did. 否定回答：No, he didn’t. 對(duì)劃線提問：What did he do last night? 對(duì)劃線提問：When did he visit his friends?,1.I_______ ( play) soccer yesterday. 否定句： 疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 對(duì)劃線提問: ： 對(duì)劃線提問：,played,I didn’t play soccer yesterday.,Did you play soccer yesterday?,Yes, I did.,No, I didn’t.,What did you do yesyerday?,When did you play soccer?,2.Tom took some photos two days ago. 否定句: 疑問句： 肯定回答： 否定回答: 劃線提問： 劃線提問：,Tom didn’t take any photos two days ago.,Did Tom take any photos two days ago?,Yes, he did.,,No, he didn’t.,What did Tom do two days ago?,When did Tom take any photos?,3.We______(go) for a walk yesterday. 4.I_______(study) in Beijing in 1999.,went,studied,否定句,疑問句,肯定回答,否定回答,劃線提問,劃線提問,We didn’t go for a walk yesterday.,Did you go for a walk yesterday?,Yes, we did.,No, we didn’t.,What did you do yesterday?,When did you go for a walk?,I. 用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空,1. How ___ your school trip? It was great. 2. How _____ you yesterday? 3. Today is Monday. Yesterday ___ Sunday. 4. What ___ you do the day before yesterday? ____ you ride a horse last week?,was,were,was,did,Did,根據(jù)句意，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. What did the ______ (farm) say? 2. Carol _____ (pick) some strawberries and _____ (take) them home. 3. I ______ (visit) my grandparents in the countryside. 4. I _______ (watch) the stars at night. 5. ____ (do) Carol take any photos?,,farmer,picked,took,visited,watched,Did,6. ____ he see any cows on the farm? Yes, he did. 7. Did he milk a cow on the farm? No, he ______. 8. Were the strawberries good? Yes, they _______. 9. Did you see any cows? Yes, I did. I ___ quite a lot. 10. I ___ the chickens last week.,Did,didn’t,were,saw,fed,1. She often ____ (go) to the park on weekends, but yesterday she ____ (go) to the zoo. 2. Last week she ___ (have) fun on a farm. 3. What ___ they __ (do) on the school trip? They ____ (ride) horses and _______ (climb) the mountains.,I. 填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。,goes,went,had,did do,rode climbed,4. How ____ their school trip? It ___ interesting. ___ she __ (go) fishing? Yes, she did. 5. ___ Li Ming ____ (pick) any strawberries? No, he didn’t.,was,Did go,Did pick,was,