人教八上第一單元到第三單元知識點(diǎn)

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1、 1.復(fù)合不定代詞 構(gòu)成 :由 some， any， everyone， no 加上 one， body ， thing 構(gòu)成的不定代詞稱為復(fù)合不定代詞。具體見下表 : one body thing some someone somebody something any anyone anybody anything every everyone anybody anything no no one nobody nothing 2.用法 : There is someone outside the door.

2、 門外有個(gè)人。 I dont have anything to say today. 我今天沒有任何事想說。 Money isnt everything. 金錢不是所有。 3.復(fù)合不定代詞被形容詞修飾時(shí)，形容詞要放在復(fù)合不定代詞后面。這和一般的形容詞修飾名詞，形容詞要放在名詞前不一樣。 形容詞修飾普通名詞 : There is a beatuiful girl standing under the tree. 形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞 :I have something important to tell you. There is nothin

3、g wrong with radio. 4.復(fù)合不定代詞表示單數(shù)概念，做主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 Everything begins to grow in spring. 5.some_不定代詞 通常用于肯定句中，而 any_不定代詞則多用于否定句和疑問句中。但在 表示請求，建議等的疑問句中，一般用 some_的不定代詞。 Would you like something to drink? （2019?濟(jì)南） _Sir，_____ called you just now.I told him to phone again.20minutes later.

4、 ______ _Ok.Thanks， Nancy. A.someone B.nobody C. anyone D.everyone （ 2019?廣西來賓） _Dear classmates，may I have your attention ，please? I have _________ to.tell you . Aimportant something B important anything C something important Danything important. 1._Do you have ______ to say for

5、 yourself? _No， I have ______ to say. A something ； everything B nothing ； something C everything ； anything Danything ； nothing 2._would you like _____ to eat? __Yes， please. A something B anything C some things D any things 3.Water is important to ________ ， so there ar

6、e many water festivals around the world. A everyone B nobody Csomebody D something 二.一般過去時(shí)的規(guī)則動詞與不規(guī)則動詞 第 1 頁 1.規(guī)則動詞過去式的構(gòu)成和發(fā)音 一般的動詞 直接加— ed 以字母 e 結(jié)尾的動詞 只加— d 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾 變 y 為 i，再加— ed 的動詞 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動 先 雙 寫 這 個(gè) 輔 音 字 詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔 母，再加— ed.

7、 音字母  watch —watched help — helped work — worked love— loved arrive— arrived live— lived study— studied cry—cried worry — worried shop— shopped stop —stopped  讀音規(guī)則 : 清輔音后 讀 /t/ ；濁輔音和元音后讀 /d/ ；輔音 /t/ 與 /d/ 后讀 /id/ 2.不規(guī)則動

8、詞的過去式的變化各異。需要特殊記憶。必須牢記。 （1）動詞的過去式和動詞原形一樣 let— let put — put read — read cut — cut （2）遇見 i 改為 a swim — swam sing— sang begin— began sit— sat give — gave drink — drank 口訣 :游泳唱歌后 開始坐下來 給點(diǎn)喝的吧 i 就變?yōu)? a （ 3）過去式以 ought 和 aught 結(jié)尾的單詞 bring —brought buy —bought th

9、ink — thought catch— caught teach— taught （4）中間去 e 末尾加 t feel— felt keep— kept sleep—slept sweep— swept （5）把 i 變?yōu)?o ride — rode drive — drove write wrote （6） ow/aw 變?yōu)?ew know —knew grow— grew throw — threw draw— drew 八年級上冊第 142 頁不規(guī)則動詞表需要聽寫。 每天聽好。 吧不規(guī)則動詞表

10、打印出來讓學(xué)生默 寫。 （7）以 d 結(jié)尾的單詞，把 d 變?yōu)?t build — built lend — lent send— sent spend— spent （ 2019?北京） ___Where did you go last weekend? __ I______ to the Great Wall. A go B went 第 2 頁 C will do D have gone __Your brother is an excellent basketball player. So he

11、is.He ______ to play basketball three years ago. A begins B began C beginning D to begin

12、 第 3 頁 unit2 How often do you exercise ? 1.頻度副詞的含義 （1）表示事情發(fā)生頻率的副詞稱為頻度副詞，常用的頻度副詞有 always， usually， often ， sometimes ， seldom，hardly ，hardly ever ，never，事情發(fā)生的頻率是否頻繁，這些頻度副詞的差異體現(xiàn)在哪里。 （2）表示具體的頻率， 次數(shù)時(shí)，一次用 once，兩次用 twice ，三次及三次已上用基數(shù)詞 +times， 講一下這里的 time 是啥意思。 2.頻度副詞在句中的位置

13、放在實(shí)義動詞前， be 動詞，助動詞或者情態(tài)動詞之后，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，也可以放在句首。 We never eat junk food. Lucy is sometime very busy. Usually my fathergets up early. 3.對頻度副詞進(jìn)行提問，用 how often How often do you exercise? Hardly ever. _Do you know the famous basketball player Kobe has said goodbye to the NBA? _Yes.I m

14、afraid.I will________ see him on screen. A sometimes B often C always D seldom How s Susan? Oh， I ______ see her because she lives abroad. A always B often C almost D hardly 1. He is the first to get to school every day. He is _____ late for school. A alway

15、s B often C sometimes D never 2 Ms.Lin is very popular with the.students. Yes. Her students are ______livelyvand interesting. A always B sometimes C hardly D never 3.We ______ play sports on school days . You know， we dont have enough time. A often B usually C hardly D

16、ever 4.I dont konw you take a bus to school. Oh， I _______ take a bus， but it is snowing today. A hardly B often C sometimes Dusually 5.________ do you have an English test? Once a month A How often B how long C how soon

17、 第 4 頁 Unit 3 I m more outgoing than my sister 形容詞和副詞的比較級 1.形容詞，副詞比較級的含義 形容詞和副詞的比較級表示更 .........，用于兩者之間的比較，說明前者比后者更 ..... 那為啥要強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者之間的比較，因?yàn)槿呋蛘呷咭陨系谋容^，需要用到最高級 2.形容詞，副詞的比較級的構(gòu)成 （ 1）規(guī)則變化 分類 構(gòu)成方式 示例 一般情況 在詞尾加 er tall — taller fa

18、st— faster 以字母 e 結(jié)尾的詞 在詞尾加 r nice—nicer 重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個(gè) 先雙寫改輔音字母，再加 er thin — thinner 輔音字母 wet — wetter fat— fatter 輔音字母 +y 結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞 先變 y 為 i，再加 er easy— easily early—earily 多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞 在詞前加 more interesting — more interesting

19、 comfortable — more comfortable beautiful —more beautiful 第 5 頁 （ 2）不規(guī)則變化 部分不規(guī)則形容詞或副詞的比較級 : good/well —— better bad/badly —— wrose many/much —— more littl

20、e —— less far—— farther/further old —— older/elder 3.比較級常用句型結(jié)構(gòu) （ 1）甲 +be+形容詞比較級 +than+乙 甲+實(shí)義動詞 +副詞比較級 +than+乙 Tom is taller than Kate. I got up earlier than my mother . I play basketball better than John. （ 2）甲 +be +倍數(shù) +形容詞比較級 +than+乙或甲+實(shí)義動詞 +倍數(shù) +副詞比較級 +than+乙 This ro

21、om is three times bigger than that one. （3）甲 +be+the +形容詞比較級 +of the two （ +....）表示甲是兩者中較 .....的 My brother is the taller of the two boys. （ 4)" 比較級 +and 比較級 "或者 "more and more+ 原級 "表示越來越 ..... The day is getting cooler and cooler The flowers are more and more beautiful. （ 5） the

22、+ 比較級， the+比較級表示越 ......，越 ...... The more careful you are ，the fewer mistakes you will make. （6）疑問詞 +be+形容詞比較級，甲 or 乙 ? Which is bigger ， the earth or the moon? 4.常見的修飾形容詞比較級的前置詞 （1） much/a lot/far+ 形容詞比較級表示加深比較程度， ......得多 He felt a lot better today. （2） a bit/a little+

23、形容詞比較級，表示稍微 ....... I m a little taller than him. （3） even＋形容詞比較級，表示甚至 ....，更加 .... This book is even more uesful than that one. 1.Although we are twins ， Im ________ than my brother. A outgoing B more outgoing C most outgoing D the most outgoing. 2.If more people give

24、 up driving cars ，the air will get much________ in a few years. A clean B cleaner C the cleaner D the cleanest. 3._Time is money. _But I think time is _________money. Aas important as B more important as Cthe most important in D more important than 4._What do you think of Tom

25、s speech? 第 6 頁 ___No one does _______ in our class. Agood Bbetter C well Dbest 5.The more you smile ，the _______ you will feel. A happy B happier C happily D more happily 6.Who is __________， Tom or.Jim? A outgoing B more heavy C thinner D har

26、d— working 7.I am sorry this coat is not big enough. I want a _______ one. A bigger B big C smaller D small 第 7 頁