高中英語 1.4 Grammar課件 外研版選修8.ppt

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一、主語,Period Four Grammar(1) & Grammar(2),The teacher as well as the students is looking forward to the summer holiday.老師與學(xué)生們都在盼望著暑假。The factory，including its machines，was burnt last night.昨晚上工廠及里邊的機(jī)器全被燒掉了。The mother along with her two children goes to the park.母親與她的倆孩子要去公園。 The mother along with her two children goes to the park.母親與她的倆孩子要去公園。 (7)“some of.”，“most of.”，“half of.”，“all of.”，“the rest of.”等表達(dá)形式出現(xiàn)在主語時(shí)，謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由of后面的名詞來決定。,二、動(dòng)詞的分類,【寫作內(nèi)容】 請(qǐng)你寫一篇文章，描寫新興港口城市日照，內(nèi)容要求如下： 1．位于山東省東南部； 2．以藍(lán)色的大海、美麗的海濱而聞名，是避暑勝地； 3．每年夏天來自全國和世界各地成千上萬的游客到這里沿海漫步、游泳、購物、觀賞秀麗景色； 4．近年來，該城市發(fā)生了巨大變化，對(duì)發(fā)展我國對(duì)外貿(mào)易起到重要作用，并成為國際港口城市。,地點(diǎn)介紹,參考詞匯：迷人的attractive；別墅villa；東西方風(fēng)格的Eastern-and-Western-style 【寫作要求】 1．內(nèi)容連貫，不逐條翻譯； 2．卷面清晰，整潔，規(guī)范，美觀； 3．詞數(shù)：120左右。 _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ __________________________________________________,【寫作分析】 第一步：認(rèn)真審題 一審體裁：本文要求介紹一個(gè)地方，是屬于記敘文范疇。這類文章一般對(duì)其大致情況進(jìn)行描述，向人們展示該地方的地貌特征、風(fēng)土人情、歷史文化等。 二審格式：本文不同于書信、演講稿等問題，沒有特別的格式要求。時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用第三人稱較合適。 三審結(jié)構(gòu)：首先總體介紹該地的主要特色，抓住讀者的眼球。遵循一定的寫作順序，可以先整體后局部，也可以按照一定的時(shí)間層次或空間層次。描述時(shí)可以適當(dāng)使用過渡性連接詞。,第二步：提煉要點(diǎn) 1．be famous for 2．take place in 3．play an important role in 4．take on a new look 第三步：擴(kuò)點(diǎn)成句 1．It is famous for its blue sea and beautiful beaches. 2．Tens of thousands of people from all parts of the country and all corners of the world come to visit the city every summer.,3．Great changes have taken place in Rizhao in recent years. 4．It has played an important role in the development of the foreign trade of our country. 5．The whole city is now taking on a new look.,【品味佳作】 The City of Rizhao The city of Rizhao lies in the southeast of Shandong Province.It is famous for its blue sea and beautiful beaches.What impresses tourists most is favorable climate. Rizhao is a wonderful place for summer holidays.Tens of thousands of people from all parts of the country and all corners of the world come to visit the city every summer.They walk along the beaches，go swimming in the sea or do some shopping in the stores or the supermarkets.They can see the fine views of the city.Especially attractive are the building,groups of the Eastern-and-Western-style-mixed houses and villas. Great changes have taken place in Rizhao in recent years.It has played an important role in the development of the foreign trade of our country.Ships from all countries come and go every day.It has become an international port city. The whole city is now taking on a new look.It is a pearl shining on the coast of Huanghai Sea.,【名師點(diǎn)津】 1．這是一篇說明文，按照題目要求介紹了海濱新興城市日照。段落分明，條理性強(qiáng)。文中運(yùn)用很多短語：lie in，be famous for，take place，play an important role in等。還運(yùn)用了高級(jí)句式結(jié)構(gòu)，令全文錦上添花。如：What impresses tourists most is favorable climate.和Especially attractive are the building groups of the Eastern-and-Western-style-mixed houses and villas. 2．文章運(yùn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，層次分明。,3．亮點(diǎn)句式： ①What impresses tourists most is favorable climate. ②Especially attractive are the building groups of the Eastern-and-Western-style-mixed houses and villas. ③It has played an important role in the development of the foreign trade of our country. ④It is a pearl shining on the coast of Huanghai Sea.,【寫作模板】 The City of________ The city of________lies ________(地理位置)．It is famous for________(出名原因)．What impresses tourists most is________(地方特色)． __________ is a wonderful place for summer holidays.______________________(介紹游客)．__________________(介紹娛樂、購物)．They can enjoy________________(介紹美景)．Especially attractive are______________________(特色建筑或風(fēng)景)．,Great changes have taken place in recent years.It has played an important role in____________________________(介紹經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展)． The whole city is__________________(回歸主題，一句話概括當(dāng)?shù)氐奶攸c(diǎn))．,強(qiáng)調(diào)句是英語中比較常用的句型之一。正確理解和運(yùn)用該句型十分重要。筆者認(rèn)為掌握強(qiáng)調(diào)句應(yīng)注意下面幾個(gè)方面。 一、注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句的各種句式結(jié)構(gòu) 1．陳述句式：It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他 部分； 2．否定句式：It is/was ＋not ＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who ＋其他部分；,掌握強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“七注意”,3．一般疑問句式：Is/Was ＋it＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分 ? 4．特殊疑問句式：特殊疑問詞＋is/was ＋it＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋其他部分 ? 5．反意疑問句式：It ＋is/was (not) ＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分，isn‘t/wasn’t (is/was) it? 強(qiáng)調(diào)句可以強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中的主語、賓語、狀語等成分，但不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語。 如對(duì)句子I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.中的主語、賓語、狀語進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)：,二、注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句中可以強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分,1．It was I that met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語) 2．It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語) 3．It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語) 4．It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語) 但強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語可以在動(dòng)詞原形前面加do/does/did ，如： 1．I do believe that he is an honest man.,2．She does like literature. 3．They did go to see you yesterday. 原句中敘述的是現(xiàn)在或?qū)戆l(fā)生的事情，用is ；原句中敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，用was 。但只要意思上需要也可以在be前面加上 may/might/must等適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞，如： 1．What he said disappointed me.→ It was what he said that disappointed me. 2．His mother is watching TV in the room now.→It is in the room that his mother is watching TV now.,三、注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句中is或was的使用,3．He must have been there yesterday.→It must have been he that was there yesterday. 強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)可用that ，也可以用who；強(qiáng)調(diào)其他成分都用that。如： 1．It was I that/who met an old friend in the street last week. 2．It was in the street that I met an old friend last week. 3．It was last week that I met an old friend in the street.,四、注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句中連接詞的使用,“It is/was not until.＋that/who.” 如：He didn‘t go home until he had finished the homework.→It was not until he had finished the homework that he went home. 注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的主謂一致 當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是主語時(shí)，連詞that / who后的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語在人稱和數(shù)方面保持一致關(guān)系。如： 1．It is you that /who are wrong. 2．It is I who am wrong. 3．It isn't just children that play these jokes.,五、注意“not .until”句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)方式,六、,但要注意下面的這個(gè)句子It is my__brother，not I that studies at the college(謂語與肯定部分主語保持一致關(guān)系。 判斷是否是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，可以通過去掉標(biāo)志詞it is/was…that/who的方法。去掉以后如果句子意思完整，就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，否則就是其它句型。 1．與it作形式主語的主語從句的區(qū)別。如： (1)It was a pity that you didn't attend the party then. (2)It is true that he once went to Canada. 以上兩句都不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，而是以it作形式主語的主從復(fù)合句，that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句。,七、注意與幾種易混句型的區(qū)別,2．與狀語從句的區(qū)別。如： (1)It was late afternoon when we got there .(when引導(dǎo)狀語從句) (2)It was late in the afternoon that we got there.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型) 3．與定語從句的區(qū)別。如： (1)It was in the lab that was set up by Mr.Smith that they finished the experiment.(第一個(gè)that是關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語；第二個(gè)that才是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的標(biāo)志) (2) It was Tang Ling who came from Hunan that won the first prize in the contest.(who引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語。that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的標(biāo)志),