廢舊橡膠的綜合利用--外文文獻

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Produce the gum powder- discard the direction that old tire recover exploitationSummary:Along with rubber industry and industrial development in cars, discard a flood ofly the old one , rubber product and its side Cape waste also increases continuously, according to covariance, our country annually only the tire discards the deal little less than 1,500,000 ton, and pass to increase with every year 10% speed.Because can'ting be synthesized the exploitation, become the industry garbage mostly, since wasted a flood of using the resources, resulting in the pollution of the environment again.Key phrase:Soundproof wall in powder in gumAlong with rubber industry and industrial development in cars, discard a flood ofly the old one , rubber product and its side Cape waste also increases continuously, according to covariance, our country annually only the tire discards the deal little less than 1,500,000 ton, and pass to increase with every year 10% speed.Because can'ting be synthesized the exploitation, become the industry garbage mostly, since wasted a flood of using the resources, resulting in the pollution of the environment again.For long time, the application handles to discard the old rubber most extensively with discard the method of the old tire is to makes the reborn rubber, but this kind of method exsits consume can high, labor the strength is big, the efficiency is low, polluting serious etc. problem. Since 70's, the industry prospers there is in the aspects of discarding the old rubber to make use of two times very big development in nation.Is since 90's particularly, study one after another a method for the normal temperature smashes with the low temperature the very small sulphur of manufacturing of craft turns the gum powder combine the formation scale produces.This kind of fine gum powder(80-120 eyes) is a kind of important additive.For example, increase the fine gum powder to crude rubber inside( general the rubber products of add the deal can amount to 50%), can increase the function of the gum powder, bear the dynamic function in tired etc..Join 20% gum powder in Germany, tire product, can increase its bear to whet the sex, the service life of the extension tire, the gum powder is more thin, the elevated range is more big.The price of the gum powder only contain crude rubber of 1/3 a 1/2, can lower the tire cost consumedly from here.The fine gum powder can also increase the plastics inside, the material of rubber that produce out, the strength is high, bear to whet, the flexibility was good and extended the application of the plastics.Increase the fine gum powder in traditional building material, can produce the quakeproof, defend the split , leakproof, new article in heavy duty building materials. Although the current exploitation discards the old tire turns over the new exploitation and cut to pieces to do the fuel useds for generating electricity, chemistry split solution recovery the carbon is black with fuel oil, make into gum an etc. various paths, international incline toward more and more up the exploitation discard old tire produce gum powder.Because the advantage that rubber powder have got and can't act for.The latter has no reborn the pollution that gum bring when producing, also having no the other polluting two times.The most miraculous place in powder in rubber consists in, can make utilization that discard the old tire attained 100%, can circulate the usage, is a real circulating exploitation and can keep on the development.The superhighway road material inside of the United States, provision must at increase 25% in the pitch above of gum powder, can defend the jelly, antiskid, the watertightness falls to sink, and strengthen quiet and dynamic strengths of the road, improves consumedly the loading ability of the road.( roughly 4 times) The current our country still is placed in to fall behind the appearance in the aspects of fine gum powder producing.According to statistics incompletely, the reborn gum in national size business enterprise is near 500 house, the total production ability amount to 1,000,000 yields are roughly ten thousand tons are above, residing the world first.There are about more than 40 houses in our country gum powder production factory house, total yield roughly 50,000 ton, its production with apply the total falling behind, the reborn rubber is placed in still predominant position. Program the outline 》 according to the 《 car industry"9 5", the car industry will develop to become the national economy a pillar industry gradually, producing with its the tire of the kit too fast fierce development, this brought the gum powder market the enormous development potential, according to inquisition, only the tire of the province of Shandong produces business enterprise, every year the gum powder needed at ten thousand ton above, but current basic depend on to import the solution.At the same time along with gum powder application in other realm, its market foreground is very and vast. The our country discards the old tire produces the technical development in powder in gum:The our country gum powder produces to begin from the period after 80's.Our country in 1989 first time a regiment leaves for Germany investigates the rubber makes use of the circumstance.The "8 5" programming inside be turned by Qingdao the faculty of engineering cooperates with reborn gum in high dense in Shandong factory, aviation boat a the 609 graduate schools, undertaking the original chemical engineering subordinate reach of" low temperature refrigeration the method produces very small gum powder and its application studies" of offending and closing item, refrigeration adoption turbine air inflation method, and pass to authenticate in 1993.The henceforth Chinese section college low temperature engineering center, Peking an university also opened the exhibition this aspect the research the work.This period, the some is original to living the factory house that gum produce big gum powder(40 eyes or so in the center product) makes use of the powder grind empress, through activate to handle the production quantity activate the gum powder not much;At the same time, some region in north, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Guangdong, Shandong, etc. of Zhejiang in river successively from the United States, Italy, France, Germany...etc. nation of the different company ushers in more than 10 production lines and single machine equipmentses, make our country gum powder produced to start the start, but these production lineses adopt normal temperature method more to produce, almost can produce the big gum powder with the thin gum powder.(60 eyes)For this, the local and some machine equipments manufactory also starts normal temperature system that researching to manufacture and adopting the equipments has the very small gum powder.1996 hereafter, Dalian, river's, have no tin, bead sea, mountain west etc. ground to manufacture one after another on a trial basis the rubber smashes the machine combines the proceeding small scale produces,1998 Shenzhen eastern region group developments normal temperature gum the powder produces,1999 bead sea economy with area industry machine electricity technique the graduate school researched to manufacture to succeed the liquid nitrogen the refrigeration method( very small gum in the type of ＪＹ powder production line) with the greenery rubber limited company of Qingdao, making for the our country the very small sulphur turned the gum powder to provide again an equipments, can foresee the future and very small gum the powder production will have the bigger development. The normal temperature presses the method in the widespread usage in our country.In regard to produce gross measures, the discarding of our country gum smash the production to regard normal temperature method as principle still.The general adoption a ditch is ground, a light or light are thin ground.The business enterprise in small scaled adoption ditch light have to proceed the big at the same time ground with thin ground, do like this the investment certainly little, cover small, but the equipments safety all will suffer the restrict with the yield.The ground machine in big of the abroad is bigger than local equipments generally and all, produce the efficiency high. In recent years local development a kind of new dish work smashes the machine, regarding shearing to slice to grind as the principle, the dish of bears to whet, working the life span is longer, can is 4 millimeters of a degree below discard the gum piece is a to smash a degree 80 eyes are above.Discovers through the research, the certain a the dosage of mix for of gum powder at certain function requesting bottom, gum powder suffers the big restrict.Toes increases to discard the old rubber make use of the value, having to proceed to change the sex to the gum powder.The gum powder handles with every kind of surface the method changes the sex, making into the live gum powder, not only significant increase mix dosage, and pull to stretch the application, fatigue livings hot, bear to tear to pieces the sex and bear to wear sex all contain exaltation.Technical development in powder in live gum, extend the gum powder replace the part livings the gluey application, improving the gum anticipate to process the sex, keeping function that mix dosage gum anticipate, reduce the product function lose, the mix does not need to pump capital into with the process at the same time. Current live gum powder contain three kinds of productions method:The machine chemistry method, single, polymer draws the layer method with radiates method.The our country domestic adoption machine chemistry method produces live gum powder contain substantial advance, at radiate the method produced the reborn gum in foundation in D to obtain the result with the gum powder, at draw the layer pack reply the technique did large quantity the work.The domestic handles with the single, polymer live gum in manufacturing powder than the eye-catcher is a gum powder that hua south science and engineering university handles a path as with 5 fens resin 0.6 ｍｍ (thirty eyes).According to analyze the resin of fen turn with sulphur the gum powder becomes to wear the network construction with each other, the resin of fen spread with foundation quality gum mutually at the same time, producing to hand over totally the unite make interface layer keeps to glue to match betterly, constituting much more stable mutually system. Discard the fine gum in method in normal temperature in old rubber( tire) powder a production lineThen discard the fine gum in method in normal temperature in old rubber( tire) powder a production line is the green wreath in main Zhejiang rubber powder engineering limited company have established in the state City of Zhejiang.The company be smashed by plentiful benefit in Zhejiang equipments limited company, Zhejiang heaven the gui valley starts a business to invest the limited company to make with the green wreath in the state City of machine the limited company unites the investment creates to set up.The company invest the total amount 150,020,000 0% domestics discard most large-scalely the old tire normal temperature fine smashes the equipments produces base and years produce 2 ten thousand the fine rubber powders of tons process to demonstrate the production line, and regard this as the center, the formation discards the old tire recovery handles, deep process and the rebirth makes use of the national class industrial park of the industry chain.It is new to create the green wreath in Zhejiang company that set up owns of a production line primarily be ushered in by plentiful benefit company German technique development of" before discarding the old tire handle the equipments" with green wreath company independence development of" XJF type discards the old rubber normal temperature method fine smashes the equipments" match each other a set of but, founded to under the normal temperature term will discard old tire whole embryo the industrialization the batch quantity produce 60-200 the precedent of fine gum in eyes powders. Fine gum in the normal temperature's method powder a production line needs only in production line the power supply of the equipment cowgirl equips with the headwaters can under the normal temperature will discard old tire whole embryo smash 40 ～ 200 fine gum in purposes powder, not only can make discard the old tire gum to escape from with the steel wire, the cloth of curtain , from but reduced the workload of the manufacturing gum powder with take off the silk separate the work preface, combining can increase the exploitation of the steel wire value, lower the production cost, from the technique the pure degree that guaranteed the gum powder, but also the production line has no the any polluting two times.Whole production line has the equipments installs reasonable, a gum rate is high, the service life is long, the motive consumes low, the noise is low with automate the high etc. in degree advantage, various techniques index sign attains completely even exceed the low temperature of the abroad refrigeration smash the production line, and also better than current domestic just develop successful air turbine cool off cold gum in system powder produce technique, equipments investment only low temperature refrigeration smash the production linear 1/8 or so, the production cost is only 1/3. Fine gum in the normal temperature's method powder a production line is main to be incised by inside turn the machine, inside turn rubs the gum machine, whole the crusher of embryo , rubber steel wire separates the machine and break the gum machine, fiber separates the ground machine, ratings in machine, machine and measure to pack automatically the system, motive goes together with to give or get an electric shock the system, calculator from control system and related assistance equipmentses constitute.Its main work principle and produce process:Discard the tire turn inside the → incise machine → whole embryo crusher → rubber steel wire separates the machine → rubber steel wire → separates the machine → breaks the empty extension in→ in ground machine in→ in machine in gum → packer the → finished product. In produce homework, all electric appliances motive can be proceeded by calculator the solid hour supervises and control, and open, shut down to the whole distance the sequence proceed the auto enactment, real realizes the production linear and high and dependable revolves;The cooling water needed in the work can circulate the usage;Establish the super and thin powder dust collections system to proceed to whole production line the powder dust collect, real attain the " spotless".The production line has the craft route forerunner, the unite moves to turn, the automation degree is high, the production cost is low, the product quantity is high and low and free from pollution etc. in noise characteristics, produce for the our country normal temperature the fine gum powder came out a new road for matching Chinese state of the nation son. The old tire that discard the market produces the gum powder makes use of the spaceRecent two years, the gum powder industry is already booming to develop, the relevant expert points out, the gum powder industry represents the old tire resources that discard the development direction synthesizes the exploitation, thering will be the vast market foreground certainly.However worthy of remark is, the gum powder industry formation start and then sank into a kind of price that have the situation have no the municipal.Investigate its reason, is the serious in development in applied technique empress of the gum powder primarily.For this, experts suggest, the current pass in industry in powder in gum sets up the problem wants with the market requires with for lead to, with development applied technique for means, make stronger with grow five greatest markets: 1, tire marketAs early as 1953, the United States used for the tire production to certain the gum powder of a path.In 1989, the rubber of Qingdao two factories used for gum powder to tire production directly at the local a house.In 1995, the gum powder applies in original chemical engineering a point factory house with some the small business enterprise is inside universal, only 69 points factory is in its production of 18,717,000th the gum powder that mix use amount to 1.7 ten thousand ton.Because the crude rubber price descends, unsteady etc. in quantity in powder in gum factor,1996 empress gum powder is in tire produce of the application appears the slippery , rises to start backing up again in 1999.Current, the inside section enters company etc. business enterprise produces of 880 eyes above the embryo gum powder has started replacing 40 eyes,60 eyes activate the gum powder, applying directly in the production of the tire, effective." After 1995 our country the rubber brick of the Taiwan factory products at Peking exhibits the building exhibition, Peking, Shaoxing, Fuzhou, Nanking...etc. ground does the factory continuously.Chinese chemical engineering in《 in June in 1999 report 》 concerning Liaoning east 《 is unemployeed the big industry in husband and wife achievement, discarding the old tire take off the report way that embryo change the brick 》 also cause a sensation the whole country, make more than twenty? Olympic game for chance, fight for to expand at stadium building, school, infant park, community, guest house, transact floor etc. ground build rubber brick, rubber floor, runway, lawn...etc., like this can not only digest ten thousand above gum powder in tonses, but also out country? 3, superhighway marketUse the gum powder to proceed to change to the pitch the sex build highway application too very extensive.There is already some city,such as river's west, Hubei, Guangzhou, Peking...etc. ground, in China, building one after another on trial road segment.Practice the proof, change the highway that sexual pitch build with the gum powder, can reduce the road cracked with soften, the road freezes not easily with beat slippery, increases to drive the safety, can also increases road life span, compare the service life of the general pitch road to increases at least a times.1.63 kilometers of of the road can consume 10,000 discard the tire.Build the superhighway principle together similar, in runway material the mix turns the gum powder with the sulphur, canning increase the runway flexibility to rub the sex with the ground, improving the ability that summer anti- insolation, winter anti- keep in deep freeze.From but make rise and fall aeroly steady, the safe and dependable increases, the runway shortens, airport service life extension. 4, flexibility athletic fieldWant to consume 500 gums of tire powder according to report an a tennis court, a track and field events uses to synthesize the athletic field wants to consume several thousand discard the tire gum powder.Doubtless the development of this kind of athletic field is an important path that gum powder make use of.The Asian Games farmland path a the runway of plastics for is with the gum anticipating production that our country hold. 5, waterproof a material marketIn 1986, the former Soviet Union is successfully applied gum powder in rubber pitch waterproof a material, have no the machine insulates a material with three lamination materials constitute of soundproof reunite floor etc. building material inside.Since 90's, the widespread beginning in northern region in our country used for the big gum powder waterproof a material.Every year of Peking city work tage company produces the fine gum powder 1000 ton, used for the self-producting gaur card the waterproof a material, and at use 80 eyes above fine gum powder development new product in building materials.The expert's suggestion, government should further norm bui