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1、第三部分第三部分 題型研析題型研析 高分保障高分保障題型題型 2 2閱讀理解閱讀理解 近五年的閱讀理解部分都為四篇，20個小題共40分，是試卷中分值最高的一題。閱讀文章題材豐富，記敘文、說明文和應用文均有涉及?？疾閷W生是否具備必要的常識、關(guān)注社會熱點和了解多學科綜合知識，同時也考查學生是否具有縝密的思維，尤其是推理判斷能力和歸納概括能力。涉及的話題以介紹類(人物、事物、動物)、跨文化介紹類、人物經(jīng)歷及感受、廣告海報信息為主，命題將在考查細節(jié)理解的基礎上逐漸注重對文章整體的理解和把握。抓住了閱讀，就是抓住了中考的命脈。考生在復習時一定要注意閱讀速度、技巧、文化背景常識等方面的積累，以便提升通過文
2、字獲取信息的能力。解題技法解題技法指導指導閱讀指導閱讀指導 快速閱讀，在考試時才能節(jié)省時間。怎樣才能做到快速閱讀呢？在平時的閱讀訓練中，我們可以按照以下幾點來做：1抓關(guān)鍵句(如名詞、動詞、主謂賓構(gòu)成的簡單句及常見的幾種復合句)。2抓首尾句，即中心句，也叫主題句。3在瀏覽題目的同時，用鉛筆畫出有關(guān)信息來縮小尋找范圍。4學會通過閱讀上下文或跳讀來推測詞義。5最后，要復讀檢查。答完題后，再重讀一遍短文，以驗證所做的答案。例題精析例題精析2015德州中考閱讀下列短文，然后從每小題A、B、C、D中選出能回答所提問題或完成所給句子的最佳答案?！局髦即笠狻勘疚氖且黄獞梦摹Ｔ敿毥榻B了電影速度與激情7的訂票單
3、，向人們展示了購票時間、購票方法及一些優(yōu)惠措施等。1If you want to book a ticket，you can NOT_Ause the InternetBgo to the Box Office on SundaysCring and pay by credit cardDpost the booking form to the Box Office【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由“Box Office opens from Monday to Saturday”可知，Box Office的開門時間是從星期一到星期六，說明在星期天不能買到票?！敬鸢浮緽2If you make a gro
4、up booking for 14 persons，how much should you pay?A$120.B$126.C$140.D$150.【解析】數(shù)字計算題。由“Group bookings：10%discount for groups of twelve or more”可知，12人或12人以上均可打折優(yōu)惠10%，票價每人10元，14人共140元，打折10%，14014126。因此需付126美元?！敬鸢浮緽3On average(平均)，which kind of tickets is the cheapest?ASaver.BSupersaver.CGroup bookings.
5、DSchool.【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由“Saver：$2 off for children under 16 years old，over 60s and fulltime students”可知，少付2美元，只付8美元即可；由“Supersaver：halfprice seats for disabled people，only eight wheelchair spaces available”可知，殘疾人可付半價，即5美元；由“Group bookings：10%discount for groups of twelve or more”可知，團體票每人合9美元；由“School：$6
6、tickets for school groups of ten or more，every tenth ticket free”可知，10人或10人以上的學校團體票每張6美元，每組第十張票免費，故每人為5.4美元?！敬鸢浮緽4Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThere are no spaces for wheelchairs.BThe audience(觀眾)can never exchange tickets.CA group of 12 can get 10%discount.DA school grou
7、p of 15 should pay$90 for the tickets.【解析】推理判斷題。由“Group bookings：10%discount for groups of twelve or more”可知?！敬鸢浮緾5The passage is _Abooking notes of Furious 7Ba review of Furious 7Ca survey of Furious 7Dnews about Furious 7【解析】主旨大意題。該文包括票價、優(yōu)惠方案、售票時間等，很顯然是一份訂票單?！敬鸢浮緼考點拓展：6The word“Booking”in the pass
8、age means _A書 B賬簿 C登記 D預訂【解析】詞義猜測題。由下文可知，可以通過四種方式預訂電影票，因此可推測詞義為“預訂”。【答案】D技法點撥技法點撥1細節(jié)理解題細節(jié)理解題重在抓關(guān)鍵詞。利用題干的關(guān)鍵詞，尋找文中相對應的詞，在對應詞周圍找答案或直接在文中搜索答案，對號入座。這類試題是針對文章中的某一個特定細節(jié)，或若干細節(jié)，或針對文章的主要事實等而設計的。如1題、3題。2數(shù)字計算題理清有關(guān)數(shù)字之間的關(guān)系，列出數(shù)學算式?；蛘呓Y(jié)合文章的細節(jié)，根據(jù)題目要求找出要計算的部分。如2題。3推理判斷題根據(jù)文中某些詞、句子或段落進行推理，或根據(jù)句子的語氣、文章論調(diào)和傾向進行推斷。讀整篇文章，根據(jù)作者
9、意圖及文章細節(jié)的發(fā)展做出正確的推理和判斷。如4題。4主旨大意題/標題歸納題這類題目考查考生對文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會和理解能力?？梢詮奈恼碌氖?、尾句(段)尋找主題句，或者從文章的標題到各個部分都進行略讀，以歸納出要點，概括作者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度，了解全文的概貌。做此類題目要注意：以原文為依據(jù)，不摻雜個人意見；不選對的，只選最適合本篇文章的；注意絕對化的詞；答案要避免以點帶面，以偏概全；文章中沒提到的就當作不知道，不要妄自猜測，自作聰明，一切以文章為準。如第5題。5詞義猜測題詞義猜測題主要考查學生利用上下文對詞、詞組的辨別能力。在閱讀過程中，有些同學一遇到生僻詞就查閱詞典，這是不可取的。這不但使
10、我們養(yǎng)成依賴詞典的習慣，而且還會影響閱讀速度。猜測詞義是閱讀理解的基本技巧之一。解答這類題目時需要一些猜詞技巧：根據(jù)上下文猜測；根據(jù)同義詞或反義詞猜測；根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測；通過定義或釋義猜測；根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等來猜測；根據(jù)生活常識猜測。此外，對于這類題目采取“代入法”也十分有效，即將備選答案逐一帶入文中，哪一選項能使句子的意思通順、連貫，且與上下文的內(nèi)容一致，就是正確答案。如第6題。即時運用即時運用Passage 12017福建中考(8分鐘，10分)文體說明文話題發(fā)明詞數(shù)284 No one knows when the first kite was made.The first record
11、of a kite was more than 2，000 years ago in China.Han Xin，the leader of an army，wanted to bring down a king.He decided to dig a tunnel(隊道)into the kings palace.He flew a kite over the wall of the palace to make sure the length(長度)of its string(線)In this way，he could determinedetermine how long the tu
12、nnel should be.His men in the tunnel took the kite string with them.When they reached the end of the string，they knew to dig up.Kites have been flown in Japan for hundreds of years.In the 1700s，kites were flown in autumn to give thanks for a good harvest.They were also flown to send good wishes to c
13、ouples who had their first son.Today in Japan，kites are often flown as part of a celebration，such as the beginning of a new year.And kite festivals are held each year in many parts of the country.Kites have been used for scientific purposes in the western world.In 1752，Benjamin Franklin tied a key t
14、o a kite and flew it in a storm to find out that lightening was a form of electricity.In the 1890s，Lawrence Hargrave invented the box kite to test ideas about flight.From 1898 until 1933，the United States Weather Bureau(氣象局)used box kites to collect weather data.The Wright brothers also experimented
15、(試驗)with kites.What they learnt helped them make the first airplane flight in 1903.1Why did Han Xin want to dig a tunnel？_ATo pull down the palace.BTo fight against the king.CTo search for the kings treasure.DTo find out the length of the kite string.2What does the underlined word“determine”in Parag
16、raph 1 probably mean in Chinese？_A測定 B選擇 C了解 D考察BA3One of the purposes of flying kites in Japan is _Ato give thanks for a good harvest in summerBto express good wishes to the firstborn daughterCto celebrate the beginning of a new yearDto hold kite festivals all over the country4When did the United S
17、tates Weather Bureau begin to use box kites？_AIn 1752.BIn 1898.CIn 1903.DIn 1933.5What would be the best title for the text？_AThe History of KitesBThe Experiments of KitesCThe Invention of a KiteDThe First Record of a KiteCBAPassage 2 2017煙臺中考(8分鐘，10分)文體應用文話題人物介紹詞數(shù)1611The Halloween party will be hel
18、d_Aon June 5 at 587 Tongshi RoadBon October 26 in the fifth buildingCon October 26 at 587 Rose RoadDon June 16 at 256 Tongshi Road2If Jack downloads the ShaiShufang app，he can_Ashare books with his friendsBsee what Halloween has in storeCcontact with Julia or LisaDtake part in the lectureCA3The dog
19、Cookie_Awas lost 6 weeks ago Bhas black eyesChas brown hair DB and C4What is the lecture given by Professor Wang Dong on？_AA new appShaiShufang.BChinese Traditional Culture.CForeign Language Research.DChinese Language.DB5Which of the statements is TRUE？_AThe Halloween Party will last 16 hours.BThe p
20、erson who finds the lost dog will be rewarded 300 pounds.CWhen a book is published，an app user can add it into his or her shopping list.DProfessor Wang Dong works in the Chinese Language Department of Yantai University.CPassage 3 2017鹽城中考(8分鐘，10分)Is advertisement really necessary？Billions of dollars
21、 are spent on it every year，so it must be important.After all，its a busy world.You have to advertise to get peoples attention to sell products!Not every company thinks that way，however.The NOAD company doesnt advertise in traditional ways.It sells its products by word of mouth.In this way，they can s
22、ave money and keep costs down，which makes their products cheaper for customers.“Wordofmouth advertising”happens when one person tells another about a good experience with a product or service.That next person then tells another friend，family member，or colleague(同事)And so a chain of information is cr
23、eated.文體說明文話題廣告詞數(shù)285 Usually，advertisers talk about how good their product is although they say things like，“Studies show that our product is the best.”or“Everyone loves this product.”It can sound unconvincingunconvincingIts much more believable to hear about a product from a family，member or friend
24、 who has used it and liked it.Our loved ones opinions are very important to us，so we often listen to their advice about a product.Wordofmouth advertising has other advantages，too.Its costeffective(after all，its free)and a company doesnt have to create a complex business plan to do it.Here is some ad
25、vice for small businesses about wordofmouth advertising.Be prepared to talk about your company at any time.You never know who you will meet.Always carry business cards.Only say good things about your company.Dont say bad things about your competition.Help other companies by recommending people to th
26、em.The more you help others，the more good luck will come back to you.and thats good business.1Why do some companies spend lots of money on advertisements？_ATo attract people to their products.BTo make the environment beautiful.CTo tell people the names of their companies.DTo make their products very
27、 useful.A2In the picture，by saying，“I always buy it.”，the speaker probably means to_Asell the product to her relativeBtell her customer about the serviceCbuy the product for her colleagueDrecommend the product to her friend3What does the underlined word“unconvincingunconvincing”in Paragraph 4 probab
28、ly mean？_Auncomfortable BunimportantCunbelievable DunusualDC4What might NOAD companies do according to the passage？_ACreate complex business plans.BSay bad things about other companies.CImprove their products and service all the time.DHelp other companies by wishing them good luck.5The writers main
29、purpose of writing the passage is_Ato tell us to care more about advertisementsBto introduce some information about NOADCto show us how to sell products by advertising on TVDto make us believe there is no need to make advertisementsCBPassage 4 2017濱州中考(8分鐘，10分)文體議論文話題共享單車詞數(shù)272 Bikesharing has swept
30、across China，with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of driving.The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it，and those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smart phone and left anywhere in public.Bikesharing allows people to borrow a bike from one pla
31、ce and return it at another place easily.In some cities，we can see more and more people riding this kind of sharingbikes.Its very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone.First，you have to download such an APP on your smart phone.Then what you need to do is to find a nearest bike throug
32、h the APP，scanscan the QR code on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection.You will find the bike can be unlocked itself.Then you can enjoy your trip.Whats more，the greatest advantage of bikesharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where
33、to park it.The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend.Normally，every hour you ride，you need to pay one yuan.It doesnt cost so much，does it?At the same time，some people park the bikes in their own homes.Besides，some people dont value the bikes.Now service companies are trying to solve the
34、problem like being stolen.Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles.We have to say bikesharing brings us more convenience without doubt.And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.1From the first paragraph，we know _Abikesharing is invented in ChinaB
35、sharingbikes are used by some peopleCmost people in cities dont driveDsharingbikes can be borrowed anywhere2The underlined word“scan”in Paragraph 2 probably means“_”in Chinese.A瀏覽 B掃描 C審視 D細查3If you want to use a sharingbike，you must _ first.Ahave a smart phone and download an APPBdownload an APP an
36、d pay for the tripCunlock the bike and download an APPDfind a nearest bike and borrow it from anyoneBBA4Which of the following is NOTNOT mentioned in this passage？_ABikesharing is very cheap.BSharingbikes may be stolen.CSharingbikes are easy to unlock.DBikesharing is a kind of green transport.5The passage probably comes from a _Ascience textbook Btourist guideCwebsite news report Drestaurant menuDC
（德州專）中考英語總復習 第三部分 題型研析 高分保障 題型二 閱讀理解課件
