《詞義猜測題》PPT課件.ppt

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1、詞義猜測題解題策略,Lead in,The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and wooll

2、y mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists. 67. The underlined word “divergence” in paragraph 4 means “______”. A. evolution B. exhibition C. separation D. examination,,__________________________________________________,_______________________________,,,, 詞義猜測題常見的考查形式：,1) The phrase

3、 “” in the sentence could be replaced by _________. 2) The world “” in the paragraph refers to ______. 3) What is the meaning of the underlined word in the paragraph? / What does the underlined word mean? 4) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase””? 5) The world “” mos

4、t nearly means ______ . 6) What do you think the expression “” stand for? ,詞義猜測題解題策略之,---通過上下文進(jìn)行詞義猜測,猜詞是英語閱讀的重要技巧，也是高考中?？嫉念}型?？忌獙W(xué)會“順藤摸瓜”，通過構(gòu)詞、定義、對比、因果、聯(lián)想、上下文等線索(各種已知信息)確定詞義。要求猜測詞義的詞一般為實詞(動詞、名詞、形容詞等)。就方法來說，主要根據(jù)上下文線索和構(gòu)詞法。高考閱讀文章中更側(cè)重前者。, 技巧點撥,【例1】 In slang the term jam constitutes a state of being in w

5、hich a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation. 詞義：________,困境,Skill 1：,通過____________________進(jìn)行猜測,定義句的謂語動詞多為：_____________ _________________________ be called, be known as, define, represent等。,be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to,,Practice : （此題要替換） In fact，only abo

6、ut 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat , exist in the U.S. today. (NMET 2005浙江) 詞義：________,野貓,定義或釋義關(guān)系, 技巧點撥,【例2】 1) They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times. ___________ 2) We are on the night shift---from midnight to 8 a.m.----this week. ___________,古城堡,夜班,

7、Skill 2：,通過____________________進(jìn)行猜測,同位關(guān)系,Practice : You should never put a cotton swab or other object into the ear canal. But you can use a swab or cloth to clean the outer part of the ear. The experts agree with the old saying that you should never put anything smaller than your elbow in your ear.

8、,()What does a “swab” mostly probably mean? A. something soft, small and used in clinics B. something hard, long and used at home C. something thin, wet and like an elbow D. something safe, big and like a toy,, 技巧點撥,【例3】 If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”. ___________ 2) Althou

9、gh a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the thing. ___________,不同意,無辜的,Skill 3：,通過____________________進(jìn)行猜測,對比關(guān)系或反義關(guān)系,表示對比、類比或轉(zhuǎn)折的常見信息詞有： _________________________________ _________________________________ yet, despite，in spite of，inste

10、ad等， 有時也用破折號或冒號等符號.,but，however，while， on the other hand，on the contrary，,【例4】 Some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name. English-speaking people added s or son. The Johsons are descendants of John; the Roberts familys ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Ma

11、c or Mc or O. perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the ODonnells are descendants of the same Donnell. (NMET 2010 江蘇),,,,The underlined word “descendants” means a persons______________________. A. later generations B. friends and relatives C. colleagues partners D. later sp

12、onsors name. English-speaking,,Skill 4：,通過____________________進(jìn)行猜測,例證,表示舉例或同位語表示釋義或舉例詞語的信息詞有________________________________ ____________________________________ 等，也有e.g.(舉例) 、i.e(也就是）。,for example，for instance，such as， in other words，that is to say，namely,Practice : On the farm they mainly raise p

13、oultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat. 詞義：________,家禽,【例5】 When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. Eventually, it come on the market in a

14、dark blue and white package-blue because we think of it as safe, and white as calm. (NMET 2004 廣東),,The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off ” means that the colours . attracted the customers strongly B. had weak effects on the customers C. tricked the customers into shopping D.

15、caused the customers to lose interest,,Skill 5：,通過_______________進(jìn)行猜測,因果關(guān)系,表示因果關(guān)系的信息詞有___________________________________ ___________________________________ 等，也有e.g.(舉例) 、i.e(也就是）。,because，as，since，for， thus，so，therefore,【例6】 Tom cant find his sneakers. C. shoes,Tom cant find his white sn

16、eakers,Tom cant play tennis now because he cant find his white sneakers.,A. money,B. bowls,Skill 6：,通過_______________進(jìn)行猜測,生詞所在的上下文,When I first became a reporter I knew a man who gave up a very well-paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and edit a small newspaper. At the time I was aston

17、ished by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal mental state. How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area? I wanted to know. (NMET 2006 廣東),The underlined phrase “turn his bake on ”most probably means leave for B. return to C. give up D. rely on,,,,What have you learned today?,1、定義或釋義關(guān)系,猜 詞 技 巧,2、同位關(guān)系,3、對比關(guān)系或反義關(guān)系,4、例證關(guān)系,,6. 根據(jù)生詞所在的上下文猜測詞義,5、因果關(guān)系,根據(jù)生詞所在的上下文猜測詞義,