Unit 3《Tomorrow’s World》-Grammar and Usage課件1（46張PPT）（牛津譯林版必修4）

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gkxx精品課件,Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world,Grammar and usage,gkxx精品課件,The man _________(call) “ Good husband”.,is called,gkxx精品課件,The pet dog ________________(treat) by veterinary.,is being treated,gkxx精品課件,A frog __________ ( catch) by a big bird just now.,was caught,gkxx精品課件,An argument _____ already __________ __________ (put forward),has been put forward,gkxx精品課件,be + done,The passive voice,gkxx精品課件,Point out the verb, the subject and the object in the following sentences:,We kept food in the fridge.,We must close the windows and the door.,,,,S,v.,O.,,,,S,V.,O,Food was kept (by us) in the fridge.,,,The windows and the door must be closed.,gkxx精品課件,How can we change a sentence into passive voice ?,1. Find out the object of the sentence and use it as the subject of the sentence with the passive voice.,2. Decide the tense of the sentence and use the related form of its passive.,3. If necessary, use”by” to join the former subject, which should be put into its object form.,gkxx精品課件,When do we use the passive voice ?,Many houses will be built here.,1. 不知道或沒必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。,The song “ The East is Red” was written by a poor peasant.,2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。,,gkxx精品課件,The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.,3. 動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者有較長(zhǎng)的修飾語。,You are requested to attend the meeting.,4. 出于禮貌，不愿意說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。,gkxx精品課件,Change the following sentences into the passive voice:,1. All of us like her.,2. We are discussing the question.,3. We have put off the meeting.,4. I will develop my picture next week.,She is liked by all of us.,The question is being discussed.,The meeting has been put off.,My picture will be developed next week.,gkxx精品課件,be,+ done,,am/is/are 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),am/is/are+being 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),shall/will+be 一般將來時(shí),have/has+been 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),,,,gkxx精品課件,be,+ done,,was/were 一般過去時(shí),was/were+being 過去進(jìn)行時(shí),would+be 過去將來時(shí),had+been 過去完成時(shí),,,,gkxx精品課件,Please read Point 3 on Page 48.,Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given:,I ___________(give) a new book by my father on my birthday. English ___________(find) very useful. 3.The work ______________(finish) tomorrow. 4. The flowers ______________(water) by them now.,was given,is found,will be finished,are being watered,gkxx精品課件,5.The railway ________________ (build) this time last year. 6. The new way _______ already _________ (build). 7. The new railway ___________ (build) by the end of last year. 8. He told me the sports meeting _____________(hold) the next month. 9. Rice ___________(grow) in the south of the States.,was being built,has,been built,had been built,would be held,is grown,gkxx精品課件,Change the following sentences into passive voice and ask questions about the underlined parts:,1. We will build many new sports venues for the Beijing Olympics.,Many new sports venues will be built for the Beijing Olympics.,What will be built for the Beijing Olympics ?,gkxx精品課件,2. I was watching the final match on TV yesterday evening.,3. John carried the Canadian flag at the opening of the Olympics.,The final match was being watched yesterday evening.,Where was the final match being watched yesterday ?,The Canadian flag was carried by John at the opening of the Olympics.,Who (Whom) was the Canadian flag carried by at the Olympics ?,gkxx精品課件,4. We have made the flags by hand.,5. I will take care of your dog while you are away.,The flags have been made by hand.,How have the flags been made ?,Your dog will be taken care of while you are away.,What will be taken care of while you are away ?,gkxx精品課件,Modal verb + be + done,gkxx精品課件,We can use modal verbs in the passive voice to talk about ability, possibility, duty, permission, etc.,Firefighters could be trained using RealCine.,Computers can calculate the position of the viewer at any time.,The position of the viewer can be calculated at any time.,,gkxx精品課件,Practice:,1. The viewer can touch the objects in the film.,2. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness.,3. RealCine might not impress some viewers.,The objects in the film can be touched.,A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt.,Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine.,gkxx精品課件,4. Teachers could use RealCine in the classroom too.,5. Film-makers should use RealCine for all films.,6. Scientists ought to develop RealCine further.,7. The viewer must wear special gloves.,RealCine could be used in the classroom too.,RealCine should be used for all films.,RealCine ought to be developed further.,Special gloves must be worn.,gkxx精品課件,被動(dòng)語態(tài)的各種句型：,1.單賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。,Our English teacher often uses a tape-recorder in teaching English.,,A tape-recorder is often used (by our English teacher ) in teaching English.,gkxx精品課件,The villagers gave the foreign guests a warm welcome.,The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers.,A warm welcome was given to the foreign guests by the villagers.,We offered people in the flooded areas some food and clothes.,2.雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。,People in the flooded areas were offered some food and clothes.,Some food and clothes were offered to the people in the flooded areas.,,,,,gkxx精品課件,3.復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。,They heard someone singing in the next room.,object,Object complement,,Someone was heard singing in the next room.,gkxx精品課件,在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，有些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后接不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，要改為帶to的不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語。如：see/hear/make sb. do sth. Sb. be seen/heard/made to do sth.,They saw the boy fall from the tree.,The boy was seen to fall from the tree.,,gkxx精品課件,4.短語動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)。相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語動(dòng)詞也可以有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 如：look after, give up, take care of, pay attention to, make use of, put off, wake up, put out 等。,The children are taken good care of.,The big fire has been put out.,孩子們得到了很好的照顧。 大火已經(jīng)撲滅了。,gkxx精品課件,特別注意：,1. 只有及物動(dòng)詞和及物動(dòng)詞短語才可以有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 不及物動(dòng)詞，不及物動(dòng)詞短語或系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 如：happen, go on, take place, belong to, sound, feel等。,Correct mistakes:,This room is belonged to me.,This music is sounded sweet.,,belongs to,,sounds,gkxx精品課件,2.有些動(dòng)詞常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)的意思，如：open, write, read, sell, wash, measure 等。,,Your article reads well.,This type of car sells well in China.,This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 metres wide.,gkxx精品課件,It is said that … It is reported that… It is hoped that … It is well known that … It is believed that … It must be pointed out that …,3.在一些固定句型中常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 如：,gkxx精品課件,It is reported that another man-made satellite will be sent into the moon next month.,Another man-made satellite is reported to be sent into the moon next month.,據(jù)報(bào)道,下個(gè)月又一顆人造衛(wèi)星將會(huì)被發(fā)送到月球上.,The three missing sailors are believed to have drowned .,It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned.,人們認(rèn)為這三個(gè)失蹤的海員已經(jīng)淹死了.,gkxx精品課件,It is said that Li Ping will study abroad.,Li Ping is said to study abroad.,It is said that Li Ping is studying abroad.,Li Ping is said to be studying abroad.,Li Ping is said to have studied abroad.,Li Ping is said to have been studying abroad.,It is said that Li Ping studied abroad.,It is said that Li Ping has been studying abroad.,,,,,gkxx精品課件,被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)：,被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示動(dòng)作，句子主語是該動(dòng)作的承受者，過去分詞表示動(dòng)作；而系表結(jié)構(gòu)表示狀態(tài)，說明主語的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)。,The long novel was written by Mr. Lu Xun in the 1920s.,The long novel is well written, isn’t it ?,The glass was broken by his little son yesterday.,Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it ?,被動(dòng)語態(tài),被動(dòng)語態(tài),系表結(jié)構(gòu),系表結(jié)構(gòu),gkxx精品課件,Feedback:,Choose the best answers:,— Is Bob still performing ? — I’m afraid not. He is said ______ the stage already as he has become an official. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left,gkxx精品課件,2. —Don’t you think it necessary that he _____ to Miami but to New York ? — I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to. will not be sent; that not be sent; that C.should not be sent; what D.should not send; what,gkxx精品課件,3. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage ____ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 4. Much attention should ____ the rapid increase in the number of cars on the roads, which may____ traffic jams and more accidents. A. pay to;result in B. be paid;result from C.be paid to;result in D. be paid;result from,gkxx精品課件,5. She is very shy and she is not used to ____ in front of others. A. praise B. praising C. being praised D. be praised 6. —What did the students think of the speech made by the lecturer yesterday ? —To tell you the truth, the students were all _____ with the ___speech. A. boring; boring B. boring; bored C. bored; bored D. bored; boring,gkxx精品課件,7. My sister ______ a good chance to go abroad for further education. A. offered B. was offering C. has offered D. was offered 8. Today many young people enjoy chatting on the net, but their sentences ______. never read B. are never read C. weren’t read D. didn’t read,gkxx精品課件,9. Every possible means ____ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear. A.is used B. are used C. Have used D. has been used 10. —George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding ? —No. I ___ . Did they have a big wedding ? Was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite,gkxx精品課件,Practice: 1. All the employees except the manager _____to work online at home. （2004廣東） A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged 2. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _____to eat more fruit and vegetables. （2004上海） A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded,,,gkxx精品課件,3. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____by 2008. （2004 北京) A. has been completed B. has complete C. will have been completed D. will have completed 4. More patients _____in hospital this year than last year. （2004江蘇） A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated,,,gkxx精品課件,,5. I don’t know the restaurant, but it’s _____to be quite a good one . (1995NMET) A. said B. told C. spoken D. talked. 6. —____the sports meet might be put off. —Yes, it all depends on the weather. (1995NMET) A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told C. I’m told D. I told,,,gkxx精品課件,7. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _______by the hour. (1998NMET) A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 8. The hero’s story _______ differently in the newspaper. (2005全國II) A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported,,,gkxx精品課件,9. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to _______ before the party.（2004全國II） A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 10. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister’s car. (2005廣東) A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would be,,,gkxx精品課件,Homework Review what we learned today. Preview Task.,gkxx精品課件,Thank you!,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,