中西文化比較GroupFour.ppt
Unit4NonverbalCommunications,-byGroupFour,Shoesforstreetwalking.Comeinandhaveafit!,Case1.ShoesforStreetWalkingQuestion:WhydidtheItalianshopownermakesuchablunder?,I.Warm-upcases,StreetWalker-aprostitutewhoattractscustomersbywalkingthestreets.haveafit-tobecomesuddenlyandviolentlyangryorupset,Interpretation,ButIjusthopeIdonotgethustled.,Case1.AMisunderstandingCausedofajokeQuestion:WhydidRosalitanotspeakwithrogerfortherestofthetime?,I.Warm-upcases,hustle1Aswindleinwhichyoucheatatgamblingorpersuadeapersontobuyworthlessproperty2(slang)Tosolicitcustomers.Usedofapimporprostitute.Rogermeamedhehopenotbecheatasajoke.RosalitamisunderstandedRogerwasinsulttoherfriendbecausehustlehasanothermeaninginwhichromanceorsexishinted,Interpretation,Comment:Foreignlanguagelearnersthattheyshouldpayspecialattentiontotheslangandidiomaticexpressionsuesdbynativespeakers.Meaningswillvarydependingonthecontext.,Differencesinculturalthoughtpatterns,CulturallyLoadedWordsCulturallyLoadedWords,Aterminonelanguagedoesnotnecessarilyhaveacounterpartintheotherlanguage.Suchas:一本書=Abook;樹=atreeBut(中國的)龍dragonChinese:“龍”isatotemwithmanyroyalassociationinChineseculture,whichrepresentsgreatthing.English:Butdragonishorrible,disgustingmonsters.,Wordsortermsinbothlanguagesappeartorefertothesameobjectorconceptonlyonthesurface,butactuallyrefertoquitedifferentthings;知識分子intellectualChinese:“知識分子”inChineseculturemeanspeoplewhoowncollegeeducation;English:“intellectual”includesonlypeopleofhighacademicstatus,suchascollegeprofessors.,Thingsorconceptsarerepresentedbyoneorperhapstwotermsinonelanguage,butbymanyintheotherlanguage,i.e.Finerdistinctionsexistintheotherlanguage.Chinese:theChinesepracticeisgenerally,butnotalways,touse“公”or“母”toshowwhetheracreatureismaleoffemale.English:morespecifictermsareoftenused,includingtermsfortheyoung.(Dog:Dog公狗、Bitch母狗、Puppy小狗),Termshavemoreorlessthesameprimarymeaning,buthavesecondaryoradditionalmeaningthatmaydifferconsiderablyfromeachother.,ThesourceofChineseproverbsisfromourancestorsproductionlabor.Afteralonghistoricalprocess,throughtthecontinuousaccumulationoftheirpractice,perceptionandexperience,graduallyevolvedintoashortandphilosophicalsentence.,TheoriginsoftheChineseproverbs:,TheoriginsoftheEnglishproverbs:,Originatingfromfolklife(民間生活)OriginatingfromreligionOriginatingfromliteraryworkOriginatingfromGreekandRomanmythology,Taboos,Inverbalcommunication,somewordsorexpressionaretobeavoidedwhichitishardtoacceptbecauseoftraditionorsocialcustom.Theseareverbaltaboos.Euphemistice.g.passedaway/bewithGod=diedwashoneshands=gototoiletimperfecthearing=deaf“Four-letterword”associatedwithsexualandexcreta,beconsideredveryrudeandoffensiveSwearwords:moreoffensiveandunacceptable,CaseThree:,Theproblemresultedfromthemisunderstandingofthephrase“l(fā)ookout”.Inthiscase,themanyelling“l(fā)ookout”meanstowarnthewomantobecarefulforthattherewasdangerabove.However,forthewoman,shehavethoughtthatthemanwastoletherlookoutofthewindow.,Asimilarcase,FreezeUndernormalconditions,itmeanssomethingbecomeverycoldorturntoice.Butinsomecriticalmoment,itmeanstoletsomebodystopmoving.Therefore,whenyoubreakintosomeoneAmericanandtheyyell“freeze”,youhadbettertostopmovingortheymaythinkyouareaintruder!,起源差異,1,地理環(huán)境差異,2,習(xí)俗差異,3,歷史典故差異,4,5,TheculturaldifferencesChineseandEnglishproverbsreflected:,1.起源差異:EnglishproverbsarereflectedbyChristianism.ReflectstheChristianethicsandcodeofconduct.如:Manpropose,Goddisposes.謀事在人,成事在天。ChineseproverbsarereflectedbyRujiao,Daoijiao.如:不看僧面看佛面(佛家思想),地理環(huán)境的差異:TheUKisaseagirtcountry,sotheEnglishproverbsareconcernedaboutnautics.如:Totakethewindoutofonessail(先發(fā)制人,搶占上風(fēng))Chinaisaninlandcountry,sotherearemanyproverbsareconcernedaboutland,agriculture.如:五谷豐登、瓜熟蒂落、根深蒂固等。,習(xí)俗差異:ThedifferentperformanceoftheEnglishandChinesecustomcanbeshownfromthetypicalwayonthedogsattitude.The”dog“appearsintheChineseproverbsoftenwithirony.如:狐朋狗黨、狗急跳墻、狗腿子等;Andinwesterncountries,thedogisconsideredtobethemostloyalfriends,oftenodescribethebehaviorofpeoplebythedogsimage.如:Everydoghashisday.(人皆有出頭日)、Loveme,lovemydog.(愛屋及烏)。,歷史典故差異IntheChinesebooks,theproverbmostlyappearinthebookofodes,legends,theseproverbsstructureissimplebutfullofeducationmeaning,如:有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來,不亦說乎?ButtheEnglishproverbsareoftenoriginatedfromTheBible,Aesopsfables如:WeareallAdamschildren.(我們都是亞當(dāng)?shù)淖訉O)Pandorasbox(災(zāi)難、禍害即將來臨),THANKYOU,