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1、完形填空 完形填空是各種英語考試的必考題型之一 它涉及的知識面廣 綜合性強 難度較大 是單項選擇和閱讀理解的結(jié)合體 完形填空重在考查學(xué)生閱讀理解及語言運用能力 它包括對語法 句型 慣用語的運用 對詞匯 句子以及文章的理解 文化習(xí)俗 科普知識 著名人物 幽默故事 日常生活 人生百味 完形填空的題材 文體分類 題材 文體 記敘 議論 說明 重慶中考完形填空近三年試題展示 中考完形填空考點分析 文意型 詞義型 固定搭配型 語法型 完形填空題要求填入的詞的類型 語法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞 如連接詞 連接代詞 連接副詞 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞 具有語法變化的詞 如動詞的時態(tài) 語態(tài) 名詞的數(shù) 代詞的格 形容詞副詞
2、的比較級 根據(jù)上下文的意思及結(jié)構(gòu)或語境 同義詞和近義詞等易混詞的辨析 固定搭配短語和詞組中的特定詞 答案的選擇較多地受到短文大意的影響 必須在選擇答案之前通讀短文 抓住其關(guān)鍵 詞并透徹理解上下文之間的聯(lián)系 然后借助 語境來選擇最佳答案 有的時候 這種題型 文意型 還需要用相關(guān)的常識進行推理判斷 以考查語法為目的而設(shè)置的空白 解答這類題需要根據(jù)詞與詞 句與句之間的關(guān)系來判斷各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)的運用 動詞及其短語的搭配和用法等 一般地說 考查的語法以實詞為主 兼顧虛詞和語法結(jié)構(gòu) 語法型 根據(jù)同義詞或近義詞的用法 區(qū)別而設(shè)置的題目 有時也借助 上下文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)考查形容詞 詞義型 根據(jù)詞語的習(xí)慣用法 固
3、定句型的搭配以及英語特有的 習(xí)慣作出判斷的題目 固定搭配型 針對以上考點及題型的解題策略 盡管看起來形式上有殘缺 若干個空 但它的內(nèi)容 語言習(xí)慣 句與句之間的銜接點 句子與段落之間的聯(lián)系 段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍或隱或現(xiàn)地存在于篇章之中 因此 在做完形填空題時 通讀全文 明了大意 理清觀點 分清層次是十分重要的一步 我們必須自始至終依托語境 注意上下文之間 詞與詞之間 從語法到意義的合理搭配 尤其要注意短文中承上啟下的過渡詞等 如and so but however then also等 原則上講完形填空的每一道題都有暗示 有的在本句中 有的在前 有的在后 有的暗含于語篇中 具體解題步驟 1
4、 抓住首尾句 了解短文 2 通讀全文 把握脈絡(luò) 3 瞻前顧后 仔細(xì)推敲 4 再讀文章 核查答案 勾劃 研讀首句尾句以及有中文注釋的單詞打開答題窗口 窺探全文 跳過空格 速讀全文 把握大意 注意文中的語篇標(biāo)志 和句中的連詞 捕捉關(guān)鍵詞匯 前后聯(lián)系 先易后難 運用解題策略從句子 段落 語篇層面解題 劃出語篇標(biāo)志 找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞 定位詞 代入答案 再讀全文 反復(fù)檢查爭取做到 結(jié)構(gòu)正確 語義通順 邏輯合理 少于1分鐘 約10分鐘 約2分鐘 約2分鐘 注意 要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用第一句往往是全篇的關(guān)鍵句 首句一般不設(shè)空 它有概括和預(yù)示全文大意的作用 是判斷文章體裁并預(yù)測全文主旨 大意的突破口 常含有解題和
5、理解文章的有用信息 when where who what how 注意 要注意尾句的提示和總結(jié)作用 故事的結(jié)局問題的結(jié)論幽默或富有哲理的結(jié)尾 第一步 抓住首尾句 第二步 通讀全文 掌握大意 通過跳過空格 通覽全文 明白大意 理清觀點 分清層次 第三步 仔細(xì)推敲 初定答案 本著先易后難的原則 先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語感 推測空格的可能答案 遇到難以理解的句子或者對某一項沒有把握時 可采用排除 篩選等方法 1 根據(jù)上下文確定答案 2 根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法或搭配確定答案 3 運用邏輯推理判定答案 4 根據(jù)詞語用法確定答案 文意型 語法型 詞義型 固定搭配型 Thereweresomanypeopleonth
6、ebusthattherewere1emptyseats Whenayoungmangoton anoldmannearhimwantedto2 buttheyoungmanpushedhimbacktohisseat Thankyou hesaid butpleasedon tdothat Icanstand A manyB someC enoughD no2 A sitdownB getonC setoutD standup 文意型 文意型 It sSunday Somestudentsaregoing1atripwiththeirteacher 2theirwaytheysawabusb
7、ehindthem A toB forC onD at2 A OnB ByC AtD To 固定搭配型 固定搭配型 A woreB hadonC dressedD puton Alittlecock 公雞 livedneartheriver Onemorningthelittlecock1hisbeautifulclothesandwentforawalkbytheriver Onhiswayhemetalittleduck 詞義型 I mwritingtoyoubecauseit stoodifficulttotalkaboutit Ican tstopthinkingaboutmyuncl
8、eandhowhe A diesB deathC diedD dying 語法型 第四步 再讀全文 核實答案 將所有答案代入空格后 重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍 爭取做到 結(jié)構(gòu)正確 語義通順 邏輯合理 Step1ReadingthroughthepassagequicklyTrytogetthegeneralideaofthepassage payspecialattentiontothefirstsentenceorthelastone maybeitshowsthemainideaofthepassage 實戰(zhàn)演練 WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai On
9、edayhe36apictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet Itcaughtthe37ofanAmerican whoasked Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreat39 theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isoldit40
10、500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41 Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeans42didn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough I llgoonworking43untilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime 44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henever45hisdream Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist Step2Choosingthebestchoiceforeachblank
11、whilereadingthepassage WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai Onedayhe36apictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet Itcaughtthe37ofanAmerican whoasked Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreat39 t
12、heforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41 Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeans42didn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough I llgoonworking43untilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime 44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henever45hisdream Nowheiswell knownall
13、overtheworldasagreatartist 36 A stoleB pickedC drewD saw WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet Itcaughtthe37ofanAmerican whoasked Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No
14、 Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreat39 theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41 Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeans42didn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough I llgoonworking43untilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime 44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall he
15、never45hisdream Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist 37 A attentionB instructionC decisionD discussion WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican whoasked Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignert
16、houghtitwastoo38andaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreat39 theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41 Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeans42didn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough I llgoonworking43untilmycust
17、omers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime 44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henever45hisdream Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist 38 A terribleB bigC oldD dear WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican whoasked Howmuc
18、hdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignerthoughtitwastoodearandaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreat39 theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41 Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeans42didn tthinksoandi
19、tisnotgoodenough I llgoonworking43untilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime 44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henever45hisdream Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist 39 A fearB difficultyC surpriseD excitement WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellito
20、nthestreet ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican whoasked Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignerthoughtitwastoodearandaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreatsurprise theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughti
21、twasworththe41 Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeans42didn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough I llgoonworking43untilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime 44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henever45hisdream Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist 40 A overB forC aboutD among WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShan
22、ghai Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican whoasked Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignerthoughtitwastoodearandaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreatsurprise theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No s
23、ir I mnotangry Isolditfor500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41 Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeans42didn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough I llgoonworking43untilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime 44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henever45hisdream Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist 41 A sizeB pr
24、iceC weightD position WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican whoasked Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignerthoughtitwastoodearandaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces I
25、ngreatsurprise theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isolditfor500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththeprice Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeans42didn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough I llgoonworking43untilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime 44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henever45hisdream
26、Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist 42 A weB heC youD it WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican whoasked Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignerthoughtitwastoodearandaskedagain Canyoumakeitc
27、heaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreatsurprise theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isolditfor500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththeprice Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeansyoudidn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough I llgoonworking43untilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime
28、 44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henever45hisdream Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist 43 A fasterandfasterB betterandbetterC slowerandslowerD harderandharde WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican whoask
29、ed Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignerthoughtitwastoodearandaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreatsurprise theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isolditfor500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththeprice Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeans
30、youdidn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough I llgoonworkingharderandharderuntilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime 44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henever45hisdream Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist 44 A thoughB becauseC whetherD until WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai Onedayhedrewapictur
31、eofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican whoasked Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollars Theforeignerthoughtitwastoodearandaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreatsurprise theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isolditfo
32、r500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththeprice Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeansyoudidn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough I llgoonworkingharderandharderuntilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime thoughLiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henever45hisdream Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist 45 A brokeoffB c
33、utupC gaveupD sentoff Step3CheckingupPutthewordswhichyouhavechosenintheblanksandreadthepassageagaintomakesuretherearenomistakes WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican whoasked Howmuchdoesitcost Hesaid 500dollar
34、s Theforeignerthoughtitwastoodearandaskedagain Canyoumakeitcheaper Heanswered No Thenhetore 撕 ittopieces Ingreatsurprise theforeignersaid Youngman areyouangry No sir I mnotangry Isolditfor500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththeprice Butyouwantedalowerprice Itmeansyoudidn tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough
35、I llgoonworkingharderandharderuntilmycustomers 顧客 aresatisfied Atthattime thoughLiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall henevergaveuphisdream Nowheiswell knownallovertheworldasagreatartist 做完形填空選擇題時應(yīng)注意如下幾點 1 注重首 尾句 2 克服畏難情緒和急躁心理 通讀帶有空缺短文 3 切勿一看到一個空格就急著選出一個答案 必須縱觀全文 通篇考慮 4 如果選項從語法角度判斷則無法確定 還必須從語篇 前提示 后暗示 意義上加以鑒別 5 動筆時先易后難 注意從文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類似結(jié)構(gòu)中尋找提示 大膽地作出猜測 Thanksforyourlistening
中考英語 完型填空復(fù)習(xí)課件.ppt
