2012高一英語課件：1.4 Unit1《Friendship》（人教版必修1福建專用）

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Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing,直接引語和間接引語(Ⅰ) 一、概念,1．直接引語：當(dāng)我們引用別人的話語時，如果引用的是原話，被引用的部分就叫直接引語。 The teacher asked，“Do you like English？” The girl said，“I like English very much.” 注意：引語前常使用逗號，而不是冒號；引號內(nèi)直接引語的單詞首字母要大寫。,2．間接引語：當(dāng)我們要引用別人的話語時，可以用自己的話把意思轉(zhuǎn)述過來，被轉(zhuǎn)述的部分叫做間接引語。 The teacher asked the girl if she liked English. The girl said that she liked English very much. 注意：間接引語不用逗號、引號；間接引語要考慮人稱、時態(tài)、時間狀語、地點狀語和指示代詞的變化。,二、直接引語變間接引語的規(guī)則,三、時態(tài)的變化 如主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，直接引語變間接引語時，從句的謂語動詞在時態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化；如主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)則無需變化。,四、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化,五、直接引語變間接引語時態(tài)“五不變”原則,Ⅰ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 將所給的直接引語變成間接引語。 1．He asked her，“Where are you going？” He asked her________ ________ ________ ________. 答案： where she was going,2．The lady said，“I shall go there on time.” The lady said that________ ________go there on time. 答案： she would 3．He said to me，“I wrote to my father yesterday.” He told me________ ________ ________to his father________ ________ ________. 答案： he had written；the day before,4．The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus？” The teacher asked________ ________ ________waiting for the bus. 答案： if I was 5．The professor said，“Light travels much faster than sound.” The professor said that light________much faster than sound. 答案： travels,6．She said，“My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.” She said that________mother________ ________ ________to an exhibition________ ________ ________. 答案： her；had taken her；the day before 7．My sister said to me，“I will come here next week.” My sister________me that________ ________ ________ ________ ________next week. 答案： told；she would go there the,8．“How are you feeling now？”the doctor asked him. The doctor asked him________ ________ ________feeling________. 答案： how he was；then,Ⅱ.單項填空 1．The teacher said that Columbus________America in 1492. A．discovered B．found C．had discovered D．had found 解析： 解答本題的關(guān)鍵在于把握整句的語境，確定正確的時態(tài)形式。直接引語中有具體的表過去的時間狀語，變間接引語時，時態(tài)不變，故排除C、D兩項，另外，find意為“找到失去的東西或在某個場所發(fā)現(xiàn)某人”，與此題句意不符。discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)了原本存在的事物”。 答案： A,2．After the examination，my teacher told me that failure________the mother of success. A．was B．is C．be D．been 解析： 表示“真理，事實”的直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。 答案： B,3．The child asked his mother________go out to play tennis. A．that he could B．if he could C．if could he D．that could he 解析： 直接引語若為一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，常用if或whether來引導(dǎo)，且從句中用陳述句語序。 答案： B,4．Mr Brown said he________me the next week. A．would see B．will see C．had seen D．saw 解析： 由句中the next week這一時間狀語可知賓語從句的時態(tài)需用過去將來時。 答案： A,5．The mother asked her son________. A．what did he do the day before B．where did he find his lost wallet C．what time he got up that morning D．that if he had finished his homework,解析： 直接引語為特殊疑問句，變成間接引語時需用陳述語氣，排除A、B兩項；直接引語為陳述句時，變成間接引語可用引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)；直接引語為一般疑問句，變成間接引語時常用if或whether引導(dǎo)，故排除D項。 答案： C,6．—He said，“What’s the matter？” —He asked________. A．what the matter is B．what the matter was C．what is the matter D．what was the matter,解析： what’s the matter是一個陳述句語序的句子，在變成間接引語時，語序不變，只改變時態(tài)。 答案： D,7．My mother often says that she________happy with us. A．is B．was C．had been D．would be 解析： 當(dāng)主句的謂語是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時，從句中的時態(tài)不變。故用is。 答案： A,8．Tom told the boss of his company that he________born in 1956. A．was B．had been C．is D．has been 解析： 在有具體的過去時間作狀語的直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變，仍然用一般過去時。 答案： A,9．He said that his car________stolen and that he________have to telephone the police. A．was；would B．has been；will C．had been；would D．had been；will,解析： 間接引語雖然是由and連接的兩個并列的賓語從句，但時態(tài)卻不一定一致，因為此句改為直接引語應(yīng)為：He said，“My car was (has been) stolen and I will have to telephone the police.”車子被盜是過去，而給警察打電話是將來(馬上，立即)，所以變?yōu)殚g接引語應(yīng)分別與所對應(yīng)的時間一致。 答案： C,10．He asked me________I would go to Beijing by air the next day. A．that if B．if C．that whether D．how 解析： that，if和whether都是連接詞，不能連用；by air已經(jīng)明確了去北京的方式，故不選how。 答案： B,11．Could you please tell me________get to the nearest bookstore? A．how I can B．how can I C．where I can D．where can I 解析： 考查間接引語的引導(dǎo)詞及語序。由the nearest bookstore可知，引導(dǎo)詞不用where，又因為間接引語要用陳述語序，故選A項。 答案： A,12．The teacher said that________. A．practice made perfect B．practice would make perfect C．practice makes perfect D．practice will make perfect 解析： “Practice makes perfect.”為諺語，故其時態(tài)在賓語從句中不用變化，所以選C。 答案： C,13．Mr Green asked Jack whether he had passed the exam________. A．yesterday B．the day before C．the day ago D．before the day 解析： 由主句謂語動詞asked可知從句動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”，the day before常與過去完成時連用。 答案： B,14．The teacher told the students that there________a meeting at three o’clock. A．were going to have B．a(chǎn)re going to be C．will have D．was going to be 解析： 主句謂語動詞(told)為過去式，后面賓語從句中的謂語動詞也要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，故排除B項和C項。A項句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤。 答案： D,15．—When Tom________ ，please let me know. —Mary said when Tom________，just tell her about it. A．comes；comes B．came；came C．comes；came D．comes；coming 解析： 考查動詞時態(tài)。第一空為狀語從句中一般現(xiàn)在時表將來；第二空因主句謂語(said)為過去時，賓語從句中謂語動詞應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。 答案： C,寫信：致歉 一、題目要求 假如你是王平，你和你的好朋友李強(qiáng)因為組織班級活動時意見不一致產(chǎn)生了爭吵，當(dāng)時你的態(tài)度非常粗魯，結(jié)果李強(qiáng)不再理你了。事后你非常后悔，想向李強(qiáng)道歉，可是李強(qiáng)不給你解釋的機(jī)會。請你給李強(qiáng)寫一封信表達(dá)你的歉意，并請求他的原諒。,注意：1.詞數(shù)：100左右；2.內(nèi)容要適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，注意行文連貫；3.開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Li Qiang， In the past few days______________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________,二、關(guān)鍵詞語,三、連詞成句 1．最近幾天我一直在考慮上周所發(fā)生的事情。 In the past few days I’ve been thinking about what happened last week. 2．我知道讓你接受我的道歉很難。 I know that it will be very difficult for you to accept my apology.,3．我寫這封信的主要原因是我們的友誼太珍貴了，不能因為一次爭吵就失去。 The main reason why I’m writing you this letter is that our friendship is too valuable to lose over a silly argument.,四、構(gòu)思謀篇,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,