江蘇省江陰市峭岐中學(xué)2020屆高三英語復(fù)習 定語從句專項復(fù)習講義

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1、定語從句專項復(fù)習 一. 定語從句的相關(guān)概念: 1. 定語從句，在句子中起定語作用，修飾___________或____________，有時可修飾_________。被定語從句修飾的詞叫_____________。核心要素: 先行詞, 關(guān)系詞 ⒉ 定語從句可分為_____________定語從句和_____________定語從句兩種。 ⒊ 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有兩種： 關(guān)系代詞：________________________________ 等 關(guān)系副詞：___________________________ 等 區(qū)分如下句子中，哪些是定語從句，若為定語從句，則用橫線劃出先行

2、詞，并圈出相應(yīng)的連接詞： 1. If a book is in English, that means slow progress for you.　　 2. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students which allows them to communicate freely with each other. 3. We will never forget the days that we spent together last year. 4. The prize will go to the writ

3、er?whose story shows the most imagination. 5. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of which has taken more than three years. 6. The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 7. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend where we enjoye

4、d a splendid view of the lake. 8. As is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing. 二．定語從句的難點：定語從句/名詞性從句 定語從句/狀語從句 定語從句/強調(diào)句 1．The fact ______ the earth moves around the sun was once questioned by people. The fact_______ he mentioned in the meeting was indee

5、d ignored by people. A that B which C when D where 定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中是否充當成分？ __________ 名詞性從句中呢？__________ 2．You should make it a rule to leave things _______ you can find them again. You should make it a rule to leave things in the place _________ you can find them again. A \ B wh

6、ich C in which D where 定語從句前面_______先行詞，此時where=___________，地點狀語從句則反之。 3．1）It was at seven o’clock ________he went to school this morning. It was seven o’clock _______he went to school this morning. 2）—Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday? —It was in the hall __

7、____ the students often have a meeting. A. where?????????????????????????? B. which C. that??????????????????????? D. when 強調(diào)句去“It was/is…that ”句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意完整。 三．定語從句的主要考點： 1．that /which/who 的選用 在下列情況中常用that： ①先行詞是不定代詞all, few, something, anything等 ②先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾 ③先行詞被all, any, every, ea

8、ch, some, no等修飾 ④先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last 修飾 ⑤先行詞即有人又有物時 ⑥在以who, which 引起的問句中，為避免重復(fù)。 在下列情況中常用which: ①非限制性定語從句中 ②在介詞后面表物 在下列情況中常用 who: 先行詞為anyone; those; he時 1) The first text _____ we are to learn is very difficult. 2）Those _________ come to school first should open the window

9、. 3) I am interested in everything _______ I don’t know. 4) He changed his mind, ______made us very angry 5) We know nothing but the doctors and the hospitals _______ you are talking about. 6) The only thing _________ could be done is to pray. 7) He ______ laughs last laughs best. 8) Who is th

10、e person_______ was waving his hand to you when we took a walk in the avenue? 9) He took out a pistol with ______ he shot at the murderer. 2. which /as 的選用 as常用于such…as…; the same…as…;as…as…,另as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,可放于主句前、后、中，常表“正如”。常用句式為：as is said above; as is known to all; as is often the case; as is

11、 reported等。 which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，不能放于主句前，無“正如”之意。 The room hasn’t been cleaned for weeks,________ makes it? very dirty. He was late again, ________ we had expected.　 Here is so big a stone __________no one can lift.　 He lost his temper again, _____ is often the case. I live in the same place______

12、___ Tom does. 注意：用such…as…/ such…that…; the same…as…/the same…that填空 It is ________ an interesting book _______ we all like. It is such an interesting book __________we all like it. such…as…引導(dǎo)定語從句，從句_______；such…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，從句_________ This is _________ _________ bag ___________ I lost yester

13、day. (相似物) This is _________ _________ bag ___________ I lost yesterday. (同一物) 3：where 的模糊用法 where引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點的名詞，但也有特殊情況。 如：1. I’ve come to the point _________ I can’t stand him. 2. The country is in the situation __________a war will break out at any time. 小結(jié)：當定語從句修飾________________

14、___________________________等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種情形下” 。 4．介詞+關(guān)系代詞 介詞/介詞短語的選用主要根據(jù)三個原則: ①固定搭配 ②根據(jù)句意 ③從屬關(guān)系 1. She is the very person ________ ______ pocket I found my lost watch. 2．The documents ________ ___________ they were searching have been recovered. 3．He referred me to some refe

15、rence books __________ ________ I am not very familiar. 4． This is our classroom,______ _______ ________ _______ _______ there is a teacher’s desk. 5．This is the book________ ________ I got the story. 6. Do you see the house, the window _______ _________ are all broken. 注意：1) 第6句中 the window of

16、which =______________________/_____________ 2) 動詞性短語不可拆分時，介詞就不能提前，如: The boy whom my sister is looking after is getting better. 5. 定語從句中的主謂一致問題 This is one of the books that_________ required for study at school. He is the only one of the teachers who ___________ (know) French in our school. 6

17、．in which case 等引導(dǎo)的定語從句 在非限制性定語從句中，用抽象名詞case, point, reason, situation, time 等總結(jié)主句的內(nèi)容時，以“介詞+which+抽象名詞”構(gòu)成從句，對所提的事進行補充說明。 1．The plane may be several hours late, _______ ______ ______ there’s no point in our waiting. 2. The postman comes at 6.30 in the morning,______ _______ ______I am usually fast

18、 asleep. 3. Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, _______ ______ ______ he could hardly recognize her at first sight. 4. We arrived at noon, ________ ________ _______ the demonstration was over. 5. It rained all night, _________ ______ ______ the ship broke in pieces. 四．典型高考英語陷阱題 1. —Th

19、is is the book that I have read __________ dozens of times. 　　 —But I have never read __________. 　　 A. it, ×??????????????????????? B. ×，it??????????????????????? C. it, it???????????????????? D. ×，×　　 2. —Is this room ___________ he lived in 5 years ago? 　　 —Is this the room __________ he live

20、d in 5 years ago? 　　 A. that, that???????????????? B. the one, the one????????C. that, the one????? D. the one, that 3. The farmhouse we paid a visit _________ at the top of the hill. A. standing??????????????????B. to stand??????????????????????C. to standing??????? D. to stands 4. He has two c

21、hildren, and both of _______ are abroad.　　 A. them????????????????? B. which??????????????????? C. whom??????????????????? D. who　 5. He has two children, both of _______ being abroad.　　 A. them????????????????? B. which??????????????????? C. whom??????????????????? D. who　　 6. I think this is t

22、he very work that we must finish ____ her. A. to help?????????????? B. help C. helping??????????????????? D. helped 7. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ______ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which?????? B. on which?????? C. fro

23、m which???? D. above which 8. He likes living alone, and says that he wants to go and live in a place ______ nobody knows. A. where??????????????????????? B. that??????????????????????? C. when??????????????????????? D. what 9. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital

24、 around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A. that?????????????????????? B. which C. where????????????????????? D. what 10. By the window sits his wife, who, dressed in black, _________ like my aunt. A. look?????????????????? B. looking??????????????? C. looked??????????

25、???? D. looks 11．The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 12._______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 13. English is

26、a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of____ uses it somewhat differently. A. which??? ? B. what?? C. them?? D. those 14. In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world. A. where?? B. which? C. whose ??? D. that 15.

27、The way ______he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. A．/ B. in which C. that D. all of the above 16. He hid himself in a tree, _________ he could see the enemy in the distance. A. from which B. from where C. where D. in which 17．The second is connected with the use ________ the body makes of food. A. of which　　B. where　　C. to do　　D. that 18. Is this the man ________ you want to have ________the radio for me? A. who; repaired　　 B. that; repaired C. whom; repairing 　D. that; repair