2020版高考英語大一輪復習 課時達標9 Unit 4 Wildlife protection（含解析）新人教版必修2

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1、課時達標(九) Unit 4 Wildlife protection Ⅰ 閱讀理解 A 課標話題 人與自然·人與動植物 體裁 說明文 詞 數(shù) 321 難度 (2019·廈門雙十中學月考)Kazakhstan announced plans to bring wild tigers back to their historical range in the Ili-Balkhash region, and signed an agreement with World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF) to conduct a tiger rein

2、troduction program. “It will not only bring wild tigers back to their ancestral home, but also protect the unique ecosystem of the Ili-Balkhash region，” said Askar Myrzakhmetov, the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan. If successful, Kazakhstan will be the first country in the wor

3、ld to bring wild tigers back to an entire region where they have died out for nearly half a century. Tiger reintroduction projects have only been achieved within national borders and in areas that are considered current tiger habitats(棲息地). Kazakhstan’s tiger reintroduction program is unique and it

4、desperately requires the restoration of a vast forest that is part of the wild tiger’s historical range. Since the beginning of the 20th century, wild tigers have lost over 90 percent of their historical range. Wild tigers have completely disappeared from the region since the late 1940s, due to the

5、 loss of habitat. To prepare for the return of wild tigers, on 1st January 2018 Kazakhstan will set up a new nature reserve in the southwestern Ili-Balkhash, in order to restore the unique forest habitat. This will include the protection of existing wildlife, and reintroducing important prey(獵物), su

6、ch as the endangered wild Bactrian deer. Restoring tigers will also help protect Lake Balkhash and prevent it from repeating the fate of the Aral Sea, formerly the world’s fourth largest lake and now 10 percent of its original size. “The hard work remains ahead of us. We have to spare no effort to

7、make this region ready for tigers and involve all stakeholders(利益相關(guān)者) to make this happen. That means dealing with illegal activities, having these people who govern parks be well-trained and equipped, increasing prey populations and involving local communities，”said Ekaterina Vorobyeva, Director of

8、 the WWF program. 語篇導讀　哈薩克斯坦通過與世界自然基金會簽訂協(xié)議以及設(shè)立新的自然保護區(qū)等舉措開啟野生老虎重新引入項目。 1．What is Askar Myrzakhmetov’s attitude toward the tiger reintroduction program? A．Doubtful． B．Favorable. C．Concerned． D．Disapproving. 解析　B　觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段中Askar Myrzakhmetov的話可知，他認為該項目不僅能讓野生老虎重返家園，也可以保護伊犁—巴爾喀什地區(qū)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。由此可推知，他對這個項

9、目持支持的態(tài)度，故選B項。 2．What made the wild tigers disappear in the Ili-Balkhash region? A．The increasing loss of prey. B．The evolution of the species. C．The lack of natural living places. D．The serious environmental pollution. 解析　C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，在伊犁—巴爾喀什地區(qū)，野生老虎消失是它們的棲息地喪失造成的結(jié)果，故選C項。 3．Which measur

10、e may be taken for the reintroduction of tigers? A．Regulating human activities. B．Limiting the number of prey. C．Building a reserve for tigers only. D．Training tigers to be more adaptable. 解析　A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句可知，為了使野生老虎重回哈薩克斯坦，人們采取的其中一項措施就是打擊非法活動，即要管控人類行為，故選A項。 4．What is the best title of the p

11、assage? A．Efforts to Restore Forests in Kazakhstan B．Bringing Tigers back Home to Kazakhstan C．Attempts to Handle Illegal Activities Effectively D．Preventing Tigers Disappearing in Kazakhstan 解析　B　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹的是使野生老虎重回哈薩克斯坦的一個項目，故選B項。 B 課標話題 人與自然·自然科學研究成果 體裁 說明文 詞 數(shù) 317 難度 Sc

12、ientists have solved the mystery of why the overwhelming majority of mammoth fossils(化石) are male. Much like wild elephants today, young male Ice Age mammoths probably travelled around alone and more often got themselves into risky situations where they were swept into rivers, or fell through ice o

13、r into mud, lakes or sinkholes that preserved their bones for thousands of years, scientists say. Females, on the other hand, travelled in groups led by an older matriarch who knew the landscape and directed her group away from danger. “Without the benefit of living in a herd led by an experienced

14、 female, male mammoths had a much higher risk of dying in natural traps such as mud holes, rock cracks and lakes，” said co-author Love Dalén of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in a report published on Thursday in the journal Current Biology. The study used genetic data to determine the sex of

15、 98 woolly mammoth fossils in Siberia. Researchers found that 69% of the samples were male, a heavily unbalanced sex ratio, assuming that the sexes were fairly even at birth. “We were very surprised because there was no reason to expect a sex bias in the fossil record，” said first author Patricia P

16、ecnerova, also of the Swedish Museum of Natural History. Therefore, researchers believe that something about the way they lived influenced the way they died. “Most bones, tusks, and teeth from mammoths and other Ice Age animals haven’t survived，” explained Dalén. “It is highly likely that the re

17、mains that are found in Siberia these days have been preserved because they have been buried, and thus protected from weathering.” These giant, tusked plant eaters disappeared about 4,000 years ago. While there is no scientific agreement on the causes of their disappearance from the planet, most be

18、lieve that climate change, excessive hunting by humans and the spread of other animals into mammoth feeding grounds were influential factors. 語篇導讀　本文主要介紹了猛犸象化石大多是雄性以及這種生物從地球上最終消失的原因。 5．The underlined word “matriarch” in Paragraph 3 means ________. A．figurehead B．female leader C．experienced anim

19、al D．mature mammoth 解析　B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中的Without the benefit…natural traps可推知，matriarch是指有經(jīng)驗的雌性領(lǐng)導，故選B項。 6．Why do the majority of mammoth fossils come from male animals? A．Scientists find it easier to study male fossilised bones. B．There were more male mammoths in comparison to females. C．Male mam

20、moths were better able to adapt to the changing circumstances. D．Male mammoths more frequently died in places where fossils could form. 解析　D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可推知，雄性猛犸象很可能單獨出行而非群體活動，因此更容易陷入危險境地致死，最后變成化石，故選D項。 7．Which of the following is suggested as a reason for mammoths dying out? A．The increasing c

21、ompetition for food. B．The cooling of the earth’s temperature. C．The disappearance of male mammoths. D．The risky behaviour of younger mammoths. 解析　A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，大多數(shù)科學家認為氣候變化、人類的過度獵殺、其他動物入侵聚食場是導致猛犸象滅絕的重要原因，故選A項。 8．What type of writing is the passage probably? A．A newspaper article． B．An

22、academic essay. C．A historical description． D．A science fiction story. 解析　A　文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段的導入和全文內(nèi)容可推知，本文是一篇有關(guān)猛犸象化石研究的新聞報道，故選A項。 Ⅱ 七選五 課標話題 人與自然·人與動植物 體裁 議論文 詞 數(shù) 232 難度 To raise money for wildlife conservation, Mozambique in Africa will allow sports hunting. The plan is to sell 80 huntin

23、g permits a year at $11,000 each for elephants and about 60 permits for lions at $4,000 each. The government will collect most of the profits, but 20% will go to the communities in the conservation areas. Critics fear legal hunting can destroy Mozambique’s fragile elephant population. __1__ Others

24、argue that hunting, if properly managed, can be a tool for protecting wildlife. Here are two primary school students to share their views. A 9-year-old girl from Beaufort, South Carolina supports the idea. She thinks that hunters kill animals without contributing a single dollar to conservation. B

25、ut if hunting were permitted, they might pay for the chance to get a big-game trophy(戰(zhàn)利品)． __2__ For example, the money could be used to pay the guards to make sure those breaking the hunting rules were punished. __3__ However, a 10-year-old girl from Atlanta, Georgia disagrees. She thinks that if

26、 sports hunting were allowed, endangered species could become extinct. __4__ It would teach the children of the world about killing, death and sorrow instead of peace, love and kindness. We have to protect big-game animals so that future generations can experience them． __5__ These protected areas w

27、ill attract tourists, who will pay for a chance to see such amazing creatures in their natural habitat. A．That would be a permanent loss for the mankind. B．Is this the best way to save animals from extinction? C．Well-regulated sports hunting can benefit the conservation of listed species. D．Ille

28、gal hunters have already wiped out nearly half of the country’s elephants. E．The money raised from legal hunting would contribute to protecting the wildlife. F．So instead of raising money by hunting, the country should build more wildlife preserves. G．The money could also be used to buy more prot

29、ected lands where animals can wander freely. 語篇導讀　為了保護野生動物籌募資金，莫桑比克允許狩獵兩種動物。本文介紹了兩位學生對此項目所持的不同觀點。 1．解析　D　詮釋關(guān)系?？涨耙痪渲v“反對者擔心狩獵合法化會毀掉莫桑比克脆弱的大象種群”，D項(非法狩獵者已殺死了這個國家將近一半的大象)是對前一句的補充說明，故選D項。 2．解析　E　例證關(guān)系。根據(jù)空后一句可知，空處應(yīng)講合法狩獵獲得的錢的用途。E項(合法狩獵所得的錢將用于保護野生生物)符合語境，故選E項。 3．解析　G　并列關(guān)系?？涨耙痪渲v合法狩獵所得收益的用處，G項(這些錢也可以用來購買更多

30、的保護區(qū)，在那里動物可以自由漫步)緊承上文，其中的also也是提示，故選G項。 4．解析　A　順承關(guān)系。根據(jù)空前的endangered species could become extinct可知，Georgia認為狩獵合法化會使瀕危物種滅絕，A項(這對人類將是永久的損失)緊扣上文，故選A項。 5．解析　F　因果關(guān)系。根據(jù)空后的These protected areas可知，空處應(yīng)與建立保護區(qū)有關(guān)。F項(因此，國家應(yīng)該建立更多的野生動植物保護區(qū)而不是通過狩獵募集資金)符合語境，故選F項。 Ⅲ 短文改錯 (2019·山東德州質(zhì)監(jiān))One month ①， with the College

31、 Entrance Examination around the corner, I was nervous and in low ② because of my poor performance. When I was at ③ loss and on the point of giving up, my head teacher comforted me and ④ with me the reasons for my failure in the exam. More ⑤， he managed to help me with my study and inspired ⑥. Deter

32、mined to live ⑦ to the expectations of my teachers and my parents, I devoted myself to ⑧ all the problems in my study and then made progress. I’m more than grateful for ⑨ he has done for me, from which I’ve got to know it is never too much ⑩ late to get back when there is still hope. ① 解析　one month

33、 ago一個月前，常用于一般過去時；one month before常用于過去完成時。本文時態(tài)為一般過去時，故將before改為ago。 ② 解析　in low spirits情緒低落，為固定搭配。spirit表示“情緒”時，常用復數(shù)形式。 ③ 解析　at a loss不知所措，為固定搭配。 ④ 解析　本文描述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，故此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。 ⑤ 解析　此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語修飾整個句子。 ⑥ 解析　此處應(yīng)是老師鼓勵“我”，而不是“我們”。 ⑦ 解析　live up to不辜負(期望)，為固定搭配。 ⑧ 解析　devote oneself to doing sth致力于做某事，為固定搭配。 ⑨ 解析　引導詞引導賓語從句，作介詞for的賓語，且在從句中作done的賓語，故將that改為what。 ⑩ 解析　too…to…太……而不能……，為固定句式。此處表示仍有希望時，回到以前的狀態(tài)永遠也不會太晚。 7