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1、高中英語 Unit 5 第一學(xué)時 Reading and Comprehension同步檢測 新人教版必修5
It is important for people to learn some knowledge about first aid in our daily life. If a person has an accident, he needs medical care before a doctor can be found. When giving/performing first aid, you must pay attention to three things.
Fi
2、rst, when a person stops breathing, open his/her mouth and see if there is food at the bulk of his/her mouth. Second, if a person cannot breathe, do your best to start his/her breathing at once, using a mouth-to-mouth way. Third, if a person is hurt badly, try at once to stop the bleeding. Then take
3、 him/her to a doctor. Usually, many accidents may happen at home. All parents should know first aid in order to deal with mon injuries which may happen to their children. When a person is bitten by an animal, wash the wound with cold running water before he/she is taken to see a doctor. When a perso
4、n is burnt, wash and cool the area of the skin under the cold tap for a while. Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burn. If the person is badly burnt, take him/her to the doctor. If a person cuts his/her finger, clean it and put a piece of paper round the cut. So everybody should know some
5、 first aid knowledge to save other people's lives timely.
一、請將課文譯成漢語,然后參照“助讀譯文”自主勘誤。
助讀譯文:
燒傷的急救
皮膚是身體必不可少的部分,也是身體的最大器官。皮膚有三層,可以防病、防毒、抵御太陽有害光線的侵害。皮膚的功能也是非常復(fù)雜的:它還可以保暖或御寒,保持體內(nèi)水分。正是皮膚使你感到冷熱、疼痛,它還使你有觸覺。因此,你可以想象到,如果你的皮膚燒傷了,就可能非常嚴(yán)重。在治療燒傷的過程中,緊急處理是非常重要的第一步。
燒傷的原因:
你可能由于下列原因而燒傷:灼熱的液體、水蒸氣、火、輻射(由于靠近高
6、溫或大火),太陽、電和化學(xué)物品。
燒傷的種類:
燒傷有三類:根據(jù)皮膚燒傷的層次而有一度燒傷、二度燒傷和三度燒傷。
·一度燒傷:只損傷皮層的最上層。燒傷并不嚴(yán)重,應(yīng)當(dāng)在一兩天內(nèi)就有好轉(zhuǎn)。例如輕度的曬傷,由于短暫接觸熱鍋,爐子或烙鐵而導(dǎo)致的燒傷。
·二度燒傷:既損傷了皮膚的最上層,又損傷了皮質(zhì)的第二層。這類燒傷屬于嚴(yán)重的燒傷,需數(shù)星期才能痊愈。例如,嚴(yán)重的曬傷和灼熱的液體所造成的燒傷。
·三度燒傷:所有三層皮質(zhì)以及皮下的組織和器官都受到損害。例如由電擊引起的燒傷,因衣服起火引起的燒傷,或因汽油起火引起的燒傷。這些燒傷都屬于嚴(yán)重?zé)齻軅弑仨毩⒓此屯t(yī)院。
燒傷的特性:
一度
7、燒傷:●干燥、發(fā)紅、微腫
●微痛
●受壓時變白
二度燒傷:●粗糙、發(fā)紅、腫脹
●起水泡
●表面有水
●極其疼痛
三度燒傷:●黑,白和焦炭色相間
●腫脹,可看到皮下組織
●若損壞了神經(jīng),則沒有疼痛或很少疼痛,或者在創(chuàng)面四周有疼感
急救處理:
1.除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上,否則都要把它脫掉。如果需要的話,可以使用剪刀。靠近創(chuàng)面的其他衣物和首飾也都要取掉。
2.馬上用涼水給傷口沖涼,但不能用冰水。最好是把燒傷的部位放在慢速流動的自來水下沖洗大約10分鐘。(涼水可以阻止燒傷的進(jìn)程,可以止痛,還可以防止或消除腫脹)。三度燒傷不可用冷水沖。
3.對于一度燒傷的患者,要把清涼的濕布
8、放在燒傷面上,直到疼痛感較輕時為止。對于二度燒傷,要保持濕布清涼,需把濕布放回冷水中,擰出水后再放在燒傷面上,這樣要反反復(fù)復(fù)地做一個小時左右,直到不太痛時為止。
4.輕輕地把燒傷面弄干,但不要擦拭,因?yàn)檫@樣做會擦破水泡,傷口會感染。
5.用干而清潔又不粘皮膚的繃帶蓋住燒傷面,用膠布把繃帶固定。千萬不要在燒傷處涂黃油、油或軟膏,因?yàn)檫@會使里面的熱散不出去,而且還可能導(dǎo)致感染。
6.如果燒傷的部位在臂部或腿部,就要把手臂或腿腳抬高到高于心臟的位置。如果是面部燒傷,傷者則應(yīng)該坐立。
7.如果屬于二度或三度燒傷,就要立即把患者送往醫(yī)院看醫(yī)生。
二、課文段落精選背誦。(注意文章
9、的表達(dá))
The skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease,poisons and the sun's harmful rays.The functions of your skin are also very plex:it keeps you warm or cool;it prevents your body from losing too much water;it
10、is where you feel cold,heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.So as you can imagine,if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of burns.