北京市2019中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 五選五+閱讀表達(dá)4

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1、2019中考英語北京專題復(fù)習(xí)精選：五選五+閱讀表達(dá) 專題 任務(wù)型閱讀 朝陽二模五選五 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1. 掌握本篇五選五中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長(zhǎng)難句。 2. 掌握五選五的解題技巧, 并能夠指出本篇五選五中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧。 3. 通過五選五高頻詞、長(zhǎng)難句等語料的積累, 及五選五解題技巧的練習(xí), 靈活應(yīng)對(duì)各種五選五習(xí)題。 名師點(diǎn)撥 知識(shí)篇 “巧婦難為無米之炊”, 在英語學(xué)習(xí)的過程中, 語料的積累至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于五選五高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句的梳理, 能夠?yàn)槲覀兘窈蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)和提升打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。 親愛的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句, 快來

2、看看你掌握了嗎？ 高頻詞（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的詞匯量?jī)?chǔ)備, 以教師提問的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 單詞/短語 詞性 詞義 拓展 掌握情況 優(yōu) 良 差 be able to 能夠 sit up 坐起來 without prep. 沒有 talk about 討論，談?wù)? outside adv. 在外面 opp. inside 在里面 freely adv. 自由地，隨意地 surprise n. 驚喜，

3、驚奇 wonderful adj. 極好的，精彩的 answer v. 回答 blind adj. 失明的 長(zhǎng)難句（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的句型儲(chǔ)備, 以教師提問的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 1. And every afternoon when Mr. Longman could sit up in his bed, he would talk about all the things that he could see outside the window.（優(yōu)*良*差*

4、） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：每天下午當(dāng)Mr. Longman能夠在他的床上坐起來的時(shí)候，他會(huì)談?wù)撍軌蛟诖巴饪吹降乃袞|西。 本句是一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，翻譯時(shí)要注意主從句關(guān)系。 2. Mr. Martin asked the nurse what made Mr. Longman able to see so many wonderful things outside.（優(yōu)*良*差*） __

5、_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：Mr. Martin問護(hù)士是什么使Mr. Longman能夠看到外面的如此多的美妙的東西。 本句是一個(gè)由what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作ask的直接賓語。 方法篇 “方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z料的積累, 沒有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對(duì)于五選五解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解五選五的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語料積累的基礎(chǔ)上, 能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。 親愛的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了

6、五選五的解題技巧, 快來看看你掌握了多少？ 一、五選五解題步驟 第一步 讀選項(xiàng)，畫關(guān)鍵詞，暗排序 通讀選項(xiàng)，了解每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，做到心中有數(shù)，至少能知道可供選擇的意思范圍，以便在短時(shí)間內(nèi)找出正確答案。 第二步 讀文章，抓過渡詞，找邏輯 通讀文章，關(guān)注段中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，抓住表示并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系及其他關(guān)系的過渡詞，為下一步解題做準(zhǔn)備。 第三步 先易后難來解題 先填較容易的空，例如文章的段首句、段尾句或與選項(xiàng)有明顯邏輯關(guān)系的句子；再填較難的空，這時(shí)選擇范圍會(huì)變小，可以反復(fù)對(duì)比分析，進(jìn)行選擇。 第四步 回讀文章定答案 全部題目做完后，把所選擇的選項(xiàng)代入原文，檢查文

7、章前后是否連貫，所選選項(xiàng)是否和文章的主旨大意相吻合，再次確定答案。 二、五選五解題技巧 在五選五題型中，設(shè)空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中。正確選項(xiàng)與空格前后句子關(guān)系緊密，主要依賴句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行選擇。接下來將從并列邏輯、轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯、指代邏輯、因果邏輯和總分邏輯五方面進(jìn)行說明。 題型 題型一：并列邏輯 解題技巧 如果空格所在段落要求補(bǔ)全說明本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié)，通常選項(xiàng)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。 典題精析 例題：Make good word choices. When we’re not sure which wo

8、rd is the right one for a sentence, look it up in a dictionary. Many of us choose words in a hurry and don’t take the time to decide if they’re proper. 2 . 解析：本題考察的是并列邏輯?？崭癯霈F(xiàn)在第二段的段末，是用來對(duì)第二段的黑體小標(biāo)題進(jìn)行解釋的，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知E選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞good word choices與小標(biāo)題一致，故選E，意為“好的詞匯選擇對(duì)好的作品是重要的”。 答案：E “Good word choices are

9、necessary for good writing.” 題型 題型二：轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯 解題技巧 1. 空格前后意思相反或矛盾，找含轉(zhuǎn)折含義的選項(xiàng)； 2. 選項(xiàng)含轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯，另一種常見的考查方式是空格后對(duì)該選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述、說明和例證。 典題精析 例題： 5 . But with a few simple steps, we can improve our writing skills and learn how to write better articles. 解析：本題考察的是轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯。根據(jù)空格后轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可以判定空格前后意思相反，空格后句意為“但是有了簡(jiǎn)單的幾步，

10、我們能夠提高我們的寫作技巧?！?，所以空格處應(yīng)與其意思相反，故選D，意為“成為一個(gè)更好的作家不容易”。 答案：D “It is not easy to become a better writer.” 題型 題型三：指代邏輯 解題技巧 1. 如果選項(xiàng)中含有代詞，則判斷哪個(gè)空格前的句中所含有的名詞代入后使上下文連貫； 2. 如果空格后句中有代詞，則判斷哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)所含名詞代入后上下文連貫。 典題精析 例題：Every year in April, the London marathon（馬拉松）takes place. The race covers a fantastic rou

11、te(線路) in which runners pass lots of the famous places like the London Eye and Big Ben.______3____. 解析：本題考察的是指代邏輯。根據(jù)空格所在段第一句Every year in April, the London marathon（馬拉松）takes place.“倫敦馬拉松在每年四月舉行”，可知本段講述的重點(diǎn)為倫敦馬拉松，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)People come from all over the world to run in it.中的it代替的是London marathon，故可推斷出正

12、確答案。 答案：B “People come from all over the world to run in it.” 題型 題型四：因果邏輯 解題技巧 如果選項(xiàng)含有因果邏輯詞，則判斷哪個(gè)空格前后句與之符合因果邏輯關(guān)系； 典題精析 例題：Mr. Longman and Mr. Martin were both badly ill 1 . Mr. Longman was able to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon. 解析：本題考察的是因果邏輯。根據(jù)空格前句子可知“Mr. Longman和Mr. Martin都病

13、的很嚴(yán)重”，這是事件的原因，那么空格處應(yīng)該填的是事件的結(jié)果，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)填C，意為“他們住在相同的病房里”，即可推斷出正確答案。 答案：C “They were in the same hospital room”. 題型 題型五：總分邏輯 解題技巧 1. 如果選項(xiàng)的表達(dá)類似于“There are mainly three types of …”則該選項(xiàng)一般位于文章較前面的位置，用于引出后文對(duì)這幾種類型的詳細(xì)闡述； 2. 如果空格位于某段段首，則一般是本段的主旨句；如果空格位于某段段尾，通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。 典題精析 例題：Many of us don’t spend

14、 a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem when we hand in our articles. Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and benefit us later in life. 1 . 解析：本題考察的是總分邏輯。瀏覽全文可以發(fā)現(xiàn)本文是一篇“總-分”類型的文章，主要介紹的是一些關(guān)于寫作的小竅門，而第二段起的一些黑體字則是tips的具體內(nèi)容，所以第一段空格處應(yīng)填的是一句總述句，故選B，意為“下面的小竅

15、門可能會(huì)有幫助”。 答案：B “The following tips can be helpful.” 語篇精講 瀏覽選項(xiàng) （抓住選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章） 題號(hào) 選項(xiàng) A Finally he went back home B When Mr. Longman told him all this C They were in the same hospital room D They talked about their families and jobs E However, when he looked out of the wi

16、ndow 通讀文章 話題 體裁 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 實(shí)際用時(shí) 正確率 星級(jí) 日常生活類 記敘文 252 5-7分鐘 __/5 ★★★ A Colorful World Mr. Longman and Mr. Martin were both badly ill 1 . Mr. Longman was able to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon. His bed was next to the only window of the room. Mr. Martin had to spend

17、all his time lying on his back. So they talked for hours without stopping. 2 . And every afternoon when Mr. Longman could sit up in his bed, he would talk about all the things that he could see outside the window. Mr. Martin believed that his world was made “l(fā)arger” by the “colorful” outside wo

18、rld. Out of the window it was a park with a lovely lake. Mr. Longman told Mr. Martin about the beautiful ducks swimming freely on the water, happy children playing around, colorful flowers and big old trees around the lake. 3 , Mr. Martin closed his eyes and tried to make the richest pictures for

19、himself in his mind. Days and weeks passed. Mr. Longman got better. 4 . Then Mr. Martin asked the nurse if he could move to the other bed. Happily for him, the nurse said he could. When everything was done，he tried hard to raise himself a bit to see what was outside. 5 , to his surprise, he s

20、aw nothing but a wall. Mr. Martin asked the nurse what made Mr. Longman able to see so many wonderful things outside. The nurse answered that the man was blind and could not even see the wall. A. Finally he went back home B. When Mr. Longman told him all this C. They were in the same hospital

21、room D. They talked about their families and jobs E. However, when he looked out of the window 逐題分析 語篇解讀：本篇文章是一篇日常生活類的記敘文，通過講述Mr. Longman 和 Mr. Martin之間在醫(yī)院發(fā)生的故事，表達(dá)了人應(yīng)該有樂觀向上的生活態(tài)度的人生道理。 1. 解析：本題考察的是因果邏輯?？崭袂熬湟鉃椤癕r. Longman和Mr. Martin都病的很嚴(yán)重”，那么空格處應(yīng)該是病的很嚴(yán)重的后果是什么？瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選C，意為“他們?cè)谕婚g病房里”。 答案：C 2

22、. 解析：本題考察的是并列邏輯?？崭袂熬湟鉃椤八运麄儾煌２恍莸恼?wù)摿藥讉€(gè)小時(shí)”，那么空格處應(yīng)填他們談?wù)摰木唧w內(nèi)容是什么？瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選D，意為“他們談?wù)撍麄兊募彝ズ凸ぷ鳌薄? 答案：D 3. 解析：本題考察的是并列邏輯。空格前寫的是Mr. Longman告訴Mr. Martin一些關(guān)于窗外的美好事物，空格后寫的是Mr. Martin閉上眼睛想象這些美好的事情，那么空格處應(yīng)填能夠連接這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的句子，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選B，意為“當(dāng)Mr. Longman告訴他所有這些事情的時(shí)候”。 答案：B 4. 解析：本題考察的是因果邏輯?？崭袂熬湟鉃椤半S著時(shí)間一天天，一周周的過去，Mr. Longma

23、n的身體一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)好轉(zhuǎn)了”，那么空格后應(yīng)該填身體好轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)帶來什么樣的結(jié)果呢？瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選A，意為“最后，他回家了”。 答案：A 5. 解析：本題考察的是轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯。空格前句意為“他嘗試往窗外看”，空格后句意為“使他驚訝的是，除了一堵墻，他什么都沒看見”，前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)選E，意為“然而，當(dāng)他向窗外看得時(shí)候”。 答案：E 精講筆記 （學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下, 回顧本講中積累的五選五的知識(shí)和方法） 語篇中積累的詞匯（至少積累10個(gè)） 單詞 詞性及詞義 單詞的運(yùn)用（鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生用所學(xué)詞匯造句）

24、 語篇中的學(xué)到的方法（至少掌握2種） 并列邏輯 2、3 轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯 5 指代邏輯 因果邏輯 1、4 總分邏輯 能力提升 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān) 一、詞匯/短語英漢互譯★ 單詞/短語 詞性 詞義 be able to sit up prep. 沒有 talk about adv. 在外面 adv. 自由地，隨意地 surprise n. wonderful adj. v. 回答 adj. 失明的 二、句子英漢互譯★★ 1.

25、 我今天沒能看見風(fēng)景，因?yàn)槲也荒茏饋硗巴饪础? ____________________________________________________________________________________. 2. 我們?cè)撚懻撔┦裁茨兀? ____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. And every afternoon when Mr. Longman could sit up in his bed, he would talk about

26、all the things that he could see outside the window. ____________________________________________________________________________________. 4. Mr. Martin asked the nurse what made Mr. Longman able to see so many wonderful things outside. ____________________________________________________________

27、________________________. 5. I was able to finish 100 M in 12 seconds. ____________________________________________________________________________________. 閱讀練習(xí) 話題 體裁 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 實(shí)際用時(shí) 正確率 星級(jí) 人生百味類 記敘文 198 5-7分鐘 __/5 ★★★ Mike and John are good friends. Both of them like traveli

28、ng very much. One day, when they were traveling through a desert, they quarreled (吵架) with each other. Mike was very angry and hit John in the face. John was hurt, 1 , he wrote in the sand, “Today my best friend hit me in the face.” Then they went on walking and found an oasis (綠洲). It was ve

29、ry hot, 2 . John was not good at swimming and he started drowning (溺水) after a few minutes. 3 . When John got up, he wrote on a stone, “Today my best friend saved my life.” Mike felt a little surprised and asked, “Why, after I hurt you, you wrote some words in the sand, and now you wrote

30、on a stone?” John smiled and said, “When a friend hurts us, we should write it down in the sand. 4 . However, when something great happens, we should write it in the stone of our memory and remember it forever.” 5 . He learned what true friendship was. Let’s learn to write in the sand and

31、on the stone. A. Mike was very moved B. but without anything to say C. so they wanted to have a swim D. And the wind can blow it away easily E. Mike swam to him quickly and saved him 參考答案 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān) 一、詞匯/短語英漢互譯 單詞/短語 詞性 詞義 be able to 能夠 sit up 坐起來 without prep. 沒有 talk about

32、 討論，談?wù)? outside adv. 在外面 freely adv. 自由地，隨意地 surprise n. 驚喜，驚奇 wonderful adj. 極好的，精彩的 answer v. 回答 blind adj. 失明的 二、句子英漢互譯。 1. I see nothing today, I can’t sit up to look out of the window. 2. What should we talk about? 3. 每天下午當(dāng)Mr. Longman能夠在他的床上坐起來的時(shí)候，他會(huì)談?wù)撍軌蛟诖巴饪吹降乃袞|西。 4.

33、Mr. Martin問護(hù)士是什么使Mr. Longman能夠看到外面的如此多的美妙的東西。 5. 我以前能夠在12秒內(nèi)跑完100米。 閱讀練習(xí) 1. B 2. C 3. E 4. D 5. A 第9講（下）朝陽二模閱讀表達(dá) 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1. 掌握本篇閱讀表達(dá)中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長(zhǎng)難句。 2. 掌握閱讀表達(dá)的解題技巧, 并能夠指出本篇閱讀表達(dá)中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧。 3. 通過閱讀表達(dá)高頻詞、長(zhǎng)難句等語料的積累, 及閱讀表達(dá)解題技巧的練習(xí), 靈活應(yīng)對(duì)各種閱讀表達(dá)習(xí)題。 名師點(diǎn)撥 知識(shí)篇 “巧婦難為無米之炊”, 在英語學(xué)習(xí)的過

34、程中, 語料的積累至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于閱讀表達(dá)高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句的梳理, 能夠?yàn)槲覀兘窈蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)和提升打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。 親愛的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句, 快來看看你掌握了嗎？ 高頻詞（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的詞匯量?jī)?chǔ)備, 以教師提問的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 單詞/短語 詞性 詞義 拓展 掌握情況 優(yōu) 良 差 including prep. 包含，包括 nearly adv. 幾乎，差不多 convenient adj. 方便的 n. convenience

35、 handle n. 把手，柄 connect v. 連接 press v. 壓，按 button n. 按鈕，紐扣 advantage n. 優(yōu)勢(shì) opp. disadvantage ancient adj. 古老的 enrich v. 充實(shí)，提高 長(zhǎng)難句（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的句型儲(chǔ)備, 以教師提問的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 1. A selfie stick makes it easy to fi

36、t all your friends in one shot.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：自拍桿使你所有的朋友出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)鏡頭里變得很容易。 本句中it作形式主語，真正的主語是to fit all your friends in one shot。 2. The selfie stick is easy to hold, which means you can get some fun and

37、creative angles-to enrich your selfies or to take interesting photos of friends.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：擁有自拍桿很容易，那意味著你能夠得到一些樂趣和有創(chuàng)造性的角度-提高你的自拍質(zhì)量和給朋友拍出有趣的照片。 本句中包含著一個(gè)由which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個(gè)主句。 方法篇 “方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍

38、。”只有語料的積累, 沒有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對(duì)于閱讀表達(dá)解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解閱讀表達(dá)的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語料積累的基礎(chǔ)上, 能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。 親愛的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了閱讀表達(dá)的解題技巧, 快來看看你掌握了多少？ 一、閱讀表達(dá)解題步驟 第一步 認(rèn)真審題，讀懂題意 做題時(shí)我們應(yīng)先閱讀所給的任務(wù)，明確任務(wù)是什么，再帶著任務(wù)去閱讀材料，這樣就能做到心中有數(shù)，有針對(duì)性的去讀，并能提高閱讀效率。 第二步 快速瀏覽，掌握大意 明確任務(wù)后，應(yīng)迅速閱讀全文來了解文章主要內(nèi)容，以及文章的感情基調(diào)，作者的意圖、態(tài)度傾向。 第三步 細(xì)讀題目，完成任務(wù)

39、 泛讀全文之后，就可以采用“跳讀”的方式來尋找細(xì)節(jié)在原文中的對(duì)應(yīng)，“跳讀”的目的就是為細(xì)節(jié)尋找答案。 第四步 復(fù)讀文章，核實(shí)任務(wù) 完成所有任務(wù)后，還應(yīng)結(jié)合題目再把全文通讀一遍，認(rèn)真核實(shí)答案，要注意句子的人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、詞性、主謂一致等。 二、閱讀表達(dá)解題技巧 在閱讀表達(dá)題型中，要求學(xué)生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上，去完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)或解決一個(gè)問題，主要考察學(xué)生捕捉信息的能力，綜合概括信息的能力和組織信息的能力。接下來將從細(xì)節(jié)題，是非題，主旨題和活用題四種題型的解題技巧進(jìn)行講解。 題型 題型一：細(xì)節(jié)題 解題技巧 細(xì)節(jié)題一般對(duì)人，事，地點(diǎn)，時(shí)間，原因及方式等進(jìn)行提問，首先要審清題

40、目要求，然后找出題目在文中出現(xiàn)的對(duì)應(yīng)段落，直接作答或用自己的話進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)述。 設(shè)題方式 1. What is the writer’s question in Letter A? 2. Where were the researchers from? 3. Who can help shy people? 4. Why did Burton decide to have the slides painted? 5. When was Burton Holmes born? 6. How are parents’ jobs different from children’s j

41、obs according to Letter A. 典題精析 On November 30, 1906, George Bidder dropped a bottle from a boat into the North Sea. The weighted glass bottle sank almost to the sea floor, and then it move slowly for 108 years and 138 days. 問題：How long did the weighted glass bottle move in the sea? 解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題

42、干意為“這個(gè)玻璃瓶在海里移動(dòng)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？”，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“the weighted glass bottle move in the sea”可將答案鎖定在第一段第二句中“The weighted glass bottle sank almost to the sea floor, and then it move slowly for 108 years and 138 days.”，故填“For 108 years and 138 days”。 答案：For 108 years and 138 days. 題型 題型二：是非題 解題技巧 提問形式為一般疑問句，首先鎖定范圍，在

43、范圍內(nèi)劃出依據(jù)，然后使用Yes / No作答。 設(shè)題方式 1. Do parents have homework according to letter B? 2. Is being shy always a big problem according to the passage? 3. Could Francis and Craig read the “map” of DNA in 2000? 4. Will the step-by-step guide show you how to start a club? 典題精析 Its journey ended when Mar

44、ianne Winkler found the bottle in 2015. Winkler was then on vacation on Amrum Island. She picked up the bottle when it was washed up onto the beach. She saw a piece of paper inside, but didn’t break it open. She could tell that the bottle was old. So she didn’t want to damage it. 問題：Did Marianne W

45、inkler find the bottle in 2015? 解析：本題為是非題。題干意為“Marianne Winkler是在2015年發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)瓶子的嗎？”，根據(jù)第二段第一句Its journey ended when Marianne Winkler found the bottle in 2015.可以判定答案是肯定的，故填“Yes”。 答案：Yes. 題型 題型三：主旨題 解題技巧 抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)，先總后分，先分后總還是總分總，確定總寫在篇首還是篇尾，然后作答。如果不符合上述幾種情況，則綜合全文或段落，用自己的話進(jìn)行概括。中考閱讀表達(dá)中的主旨大意題一般由兩點(diǎn)或三點(diǎn)構(gòu)成，

46、常用的句型有： 1. 介紹某個(gè)物體，新興事物或抽象概念時(shí)：What……is. 2. 介紹某個(gè)人物時(shí)：Who……is. 3. 介紹做某事的方法時(shí)：How to do …… / How…… 4. 介紹某事物的優(yōu)/缺點(diǎn)時(shí)：The benefits / advantages / disadvantages of …… 例1. What is the passage mainly about? 解答：What shyness is and how to deal with it. 例2. What is the main idea of the passage? 解答：How to

47、run a studio system? 例3. What is the passage mainly about? 解答：Who Andrew Matthews is and his book. 設(shè)題方式 1. What is the passage mainly about? 2. What does the writer mainly tell us in passage? 3. What is the main idea of paragraph 4? 4. What do you learn from this story? 5. What is the purpo

48、se of this passage? 典題精析 Scientists now understand that a fire can be a natural part of a healthy forest. As a result, countries like Australia allow more fires to burn naturally. Sometimes, fire fighters even start fires to get rid of（去除）dead wood. Of course, they carefully control the fires. The

49、 fire thins out old trees. This allows sunlight to reach the ground. As a result, fires help new trees to grow. Therefore, if a fire is not a serious threat（威脅）to people, firefighters may let it burn naturally. 問題：What is the main idea of paragraph 4? 解析：本題為段落主旨題。題干意為“第四段的主要意思是什么？”，根據(jù)第四段段首句可知“澳大利亞

50、允許更多的火自然燃燒”，而后面的內(nèi)容解釋的是這樣做的原因是保持森林健康，綜合這兩點(diǎn)并運(yùn)用in order to短語即可得出正確答案，應(yīng)填“In order to keep forests healthy, some fires may be allowed to burn naturally.”。 答案：In order to keep forests healthy, some fires may be allowed to burn naturally. 題型 題型四：活用題 解題技巧 主觀性最強(qiáng)，需要準(zhǔn)確把握主旨，圍繞文章的中心觀點(diǎn)列出要點(diǎn)，擴(kuò)點(diǎn)成句，進(jìn)行潤(rùn)色，但要注意不能

51、不著邊際，離題萬里。 設(shè)題方式 1. Do you think the selfie is good? Why? 2. What can be filled in the blank（空白）at the end of letter B? 典題精析 I think it’s only fair that teenagers help out a bit at home. They might not like it, but it’s good for them. It teaches them how to look after themselves. This is really

52、useful when __________.（朝陽期末） 問題：What can be filled in the blank（空白）at the end of letter B? 解析：本題為活用題。題干意為“在letter B結(jié)尾的空白處能夠填什么？”，這類題的答案比較靈活，不是唯一的，只要和文章的主旨一致就可以。本段主要說的是孩子們?cè)诩依镒鲆恍┘覄?wù)能夠幫助她們學(xué)會(huì)照顧自己，當(dāng)_____, 這一點(diǎn)是有用的。那么一定是孩子離開家，獨(dú)自生活的時(shí)候，答案與此主題一致即可。 答案：they leave home to go to college/ live on their own ……

53、 語篇精講 瀏覽問題 （抓住選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章） 題號(hào) 選項(xiàng) 1 Where did selfie sticks first become popular with the young people? 2 How many photos on Instagram were taken with a selfie stick? 3 Are selfie sticks pretty convenient to use? 4 What's the first step to use the selfie stick? 5 What are

54、the advantages of using selfie sticks? 通讀尋讀 話題 體裁 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 實(shí)際用時(shí) 正確率 星級(jí) 社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類 說明文 355 6-8分鐘 __/5 ★★★ If you've been near a tourist attraction lately, you may have seen someone taking photos-either alone or with a group of friends-with a camera phone put at the end of a telescoping

55、 pole（伸縮桿）, now commonly known as a “selfie stick”. Selfie sticks first became popular with the young people in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines, followed by South Korea and Japan. They are now widely seen across Asia and have spread to the US and Europe. There are

56、 nearly 130,000 photos on Instagram（圖片分享應(yīng)用）taken with a selfie stick. As you know, selfie sticks are pretty convenient to use. First you put your phone at the end of the selfie stick. Then raise it in front of yourself and make a sound or press a button on the stick handle which is connected to the

57、 camera, or press a button on a wireless remote(無線遙控）,or use the camera's built-in timer（內(nèi)置計(jì)時(shí)器）to take a photo after a number of seconds have passed. With a perfect smile on your face, the picture you want is done! Besides its convenience, there are other advantages to use selfie sticks. Putting mo

58、re people in the frame(邊框). A selfie stick makes it easy to fit all your friends in one shot. Nobody has to “cut” the face by half in the picture any more. Adding backgrounds to your selfes. The selfie stick provides distance between the camera and your subject (you!), so you can include more in yo

59、ur picture：the skyline behind you, an ancient building in the background or even the grassland-anything you like and want that can make your picture special and nice. Getting more angles (角度). The selfie stick is easy to hold, which means you can get some fun and creative angles-to enrich your self

60、ies or to take interesting photos of friends. So next time you travel alone or want to take a fun group photo, a selfie stick may help you. 1. Where did selfie sticks first become popular with the young people? ____________________________________________________________________________________

61、_____. 2. How many photos on Instagram were taken with a selfie stick? _________________________________________________________________________________________. 3. Are selfie sticks pretty convenient to use? _______________________________________________________________________________________

62、__. 4. What's the first step to use the selfie stick? _________________________________________________________________________________________. 5. What are the advantages of using selfie sticks? _________________________________________________________________________________________. 逐題分析

63、語篇解讀：本篇文章是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類的說明文，主要針對(duì)最近自拍桿的廣泛應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了說明，針對(duì)自拍桿的發(fā)展過程，使用方法和優(yōu)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了說明。 1. 解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“自拍桿首先在哪里受到年輕人的歡迎？”根據(jù)題干鎖定文章第二段關(guān)鍵句Selfie sticks first became popular with the young people in Southeast Asia，意為“自拍桿首先受到了東南亞的年輕人的歡迎”，即可推斷出正確答案。 答案：In Southeast Asia. 2. 解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“在圖片分享應(yīng)用上有多少照片是用自拍桿拍攝的？”根據(jù)題干鎖定

64、文章第二段關(guān)鍵句There are nearly 130,000 photos on Instagram（圖片分享應(yīng)用）taken with a selfie stick.“在圖片分享應(yīng)用上有將近130,000張照片是用自拍桿拍攝的”，即可推斷出正確答案nearly 130,000。 答案：Nearly 130,000. 3. 解析：本題為是非題。題干意為“自拍桿使用起來很方便嗎？”，根據(jù)題干鎖定文章第三段第一句話As you know, selfie sticks are pretty convenient to use.“正如你知道的，自拍桿使用起來很方便”，即可推斷出正確答案。 答

65、案：Yes. 4. 解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“使用自拍桿的第一步是什么？”，根據(jù)題干鎖定文章第三段關(guān)鍵句First you put your phone at the end of the selfie stick.“首先你把你的手機(jī)放在自拍桿的末端”，即可推斷出正確答案。 答案：Put your phone at the end of the selfie stick. 5. 解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“使用自拍桿有什么優(yōu)點(diǎn)？”，瀏覽文章首先鎖定第三段最后一句Besides its convenience, there are other advantages to use se

66、lfie sticks.“除了方便之外，使用自拍桿還有其它優(yōu)點(diǎn)”，可知首先，第一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是convenience方便，從第四段開始則是對(duì)優(yōu)點(diǎn)的逐一列舉，分別是putting more people in the frame， adding background to your selfies和getting more angles，結(jié)合這四點(diǎn)即可得出正確答案，記住最后兩點(diǎn)間要用并列連詞and連接。 答案：Convenience, putting more people in the frame, adding background to your selfies and getting more angles. 精講筆記 （學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下, 回顧本講中積累的閱讀表達(dá)的知識(shí)和方法） 語篇中積累的詞匯（至少積累10個(gè)） 單詞 詞性及詞義 單詞的運(yùn)用（鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生用所學(xué)詞匯造句） 語篇中的學(xué)到的方法（至少掌握2種） 細(xì)節(jié)題 1、2、