新視野大學(xué)英語第三版

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1、 Unit1SectionA3.Wordsinuse1.Themayordecidedto(condense)hisspeechinordertoleaveenoughtimeforhisaudiencetoraisequestions.2.Itwasreportedthattherewasavehiclemissingevery20secondsintheUS.Ifthetrendscontinue,expertspredictannualvehicletheftscould(exceed)twomillion.3.Researchersputpatientsthroughasetofpsy

2、chologicalteststodeterminethenegativeconsequencesofsleep(deficit).4.Toomuch(exposure)todirtyaircancausepeopletosufferfromallergiesanddiseasesthatwilleventuallyaffectpeopleshealth.5.Movingforwardeveninthefaceofgreatdifficultieshasbeemymostimportant(asset)inmylifesinceithashelpedmeacplishsomethingrema

3、rkable.6.Thelawyerproclaimedtheycouldntjumptoconclusionsbecauseacceptableconclusionsmustbesupportedby(adequate)factsandevidence.7.Tohelptheemployeesbemoremunicative,thepanyisofferingworkshopsforthosewhomaybeprofessionally(petent)butsociallyawkward.8.Mostparents,infact,arentveryhelpfulwiththeproblems

4、thattheirsonsanddaughtershavein(adjusting)totheircollegelife.9.Youcancounthowmanystudentspassedanexam,butpsychologicalandemotionalfeelingscannotbe(precisely)measured.10.in short,participationinsportsisextremely(beneficial)forcollegestudentsnotonlyphysicallybutalsoemotionallyandsocially.7.Expressions

5、inuse1.Sincewehaveinvitedalltheotherneighborstoour25thweddinganniversaryparty,we(feelobligedto)invitetheBrownstoo.2.Mostofthetime,noonewillcareaboutnaturaldisasters,andtheywont(beseriousabout)avoidingdisasterstillonehasreallystruck.3.Whenyou(runinto)afriendthatyouhaventseenforalongtimeandhaveagoodch

6、atwithhim,youmayfeelveryhappyanddelighted.4.Itisveryimportantto(distinguishbetween)factsandopinionsinordertohaveabetterunderstandingofwhatareadingpassageistalkingabout.5.Thoughhewasveryexcitedaboutbeingelectedaspresidentofthestudentassociation,manyextraresponsibilitieshavebeen(thrustupon)himeversinc

7、ethen.6.Thedoctor,havingnoknowledgethatI(wasallergicto)thisparticulardrug,prescribedthemedicine.7.Itsunderstandablethat,withoutanysupport,a16-year-oldcaneasily(getlost)inamitteeofpeopleintheirforties.8.Itishopedthatsomenewhigh-techpanieswill(beattractedto)thissmall,oldtowntoencourageloansforbuilding

8、housesandfactories.9.Itdoesnt(makesense)tobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.10.Afewyearslater,Franklingotmarried,startedhisownprintingshop,andwas(lookeduponas)asuccessfulyoungbusinessman.Unit2SectionA3.Wordsinuse1.Inourclass,mostdiscussionsandactivitiestakeplaceinassignedsmallgro

9、ups.Thesegroupsprovideasupportiveandsafeenvironmentthat(promotes)learning.2.Itisthedevelopmentstrategyofthepanyto(accelerate)itsoverseasexpansioninordertotakeasliceoftheworldmarket.3.NearlysixmillionpeoplegotoseetheMonaLisaeveryyear,attractedbythe(mystery)ofhersmile.Whenyourenotlookingather,sheseems

10、tobesmiling;whenyoulookather,shestops.4.TolivewithafamilywhosenativelanguageisEnglishistheidealwaytofurtherimproveonesEnglishandtogain(insight)intoitsculture.5.Thereisarealneedto(boost)academicachievementinschoolsandhelpwiththedevelopmentofastudentsoverallcharacter.6.Einsteinsaidhisscientificdiscove

11、riesgrewfromhisimaginationratherthanfrom(analysis),reasonandlanguage.7.Beingasingleparent,thereisnowayforherto(calculate)thetimeandenergyshehasdevotedtoherchildrenforthepast10years.8.Itisessentialthatyoustartbylisteningbecauseoneofthemain(barriers)teenagersandtheirparentsfaceinformingpositiverelatio

12、nshipsisthatneitherlistenstotheother.9.Weallknowthedangersofanearthquake:the(destruction)tobuildings,thetroublescanbecausedbyfallingtrees,andtheterroroccurswhentheearthactuallyopensup.10.Notuntilrecentlyhavewerealizedthattheincreasingworldpopulationmayleadtoapotentialgloomy(prospect)forhumanity:star

13、vation.7.Expressionsinuse1.Becausewomenoftenrestricttheirdietinanefforttocontrolweight,theymaynotconsumeenoughiron-richfoodand(areliableto)experienceanirondeficiency.2.Somereformadvocatesignoretheimpactofclasssizeonstudentachievement,andtheyare(infavorof)whattheycallasapriority:teachereffectiveness.

14、3.BecauseofeasyaccesstotheInternet,thenewbreakthroughtocreatesomethingtrulycreative(isboundto)happenanytimenow.4.Indeed,ifteacherswantto(speculateabout)howfarstudentsmightgetinlife,abettermeasurementthangradesmightbehowhardthestudentstry.5.Naturehas(1)(invested)theseanimals(2)(with)acapacityfornotsh

15、owingfear.6.Duringtheweeksofdiscussion,delegationsfromgroupswhoareinterestedintheresolutionmaycallonrepresentativesto(standupfor)theirpointofview.7.Platowasasuperbwriter,andhisworksarepartoftheworldsgreatliterature.Mostofhisexistingworkis(intheformof)dialogsandletters.8.Youngpeopleshouldenterintoabr

16、oadflexibletrainingprogram,throughwhichtheycanlearnalotandbe(preparedfor)theirfuturecareers.9.Theyoungmanisveryhappyandproudtobe(inthepanyof)theoldprofessorbecausehealwaysfeelsgreatwhentalkingwithhim.10.Onedaytheypassedmorethan20villages(insuccession),andsomeofthesearesaidtohavestretchedforsixmileso

17、rmore.Unit3SectionA3.Wordsinuse1.ErnestHemingwayskeeninsightintohissociety,ardentloveforpeopleandperceptiveabilitieshelpedhimtoformhisown(peculiar)characteristicofwriting.2.Theprojectisonthepointofcollapse,andunlesssomethingvery(radical)isdonetorepairthedamagetherewillbenohopefortheproject.3.Itsnotu

18、nusualforteenagerstogothrougha(n)(phase)whentheyfeelashamedoftheirparents,afraidthattheymightnotliveuptotheirfriendsstandards.4.Itis(sensible)foreveryfamilytomakeearthquakeemergencyplansandknowhowtoleavetheareaduringthechaosfollowinganearthquake.5.Economistsareinterestedinallthefactorsthatcanhelpto(

19、predict)theextenttowhichapricechangewillaffectsupplyanddemandinthemarket.6.StartingMonday,allfoods(labeled)organicmustbeuptothestrictnationalstandardsthatthegovernmentdecidedtoputintoeffectnow.7.Thereismoretoawomanthanherlooks,soI(resent)thefactthatafterawomangrowsoldandlosesherlookspeoplestoppaying

20、attentiontoher.8.Apartfromtechnologicaldevelopment,the20thcentury(witnessed)anenormousworldwidepolitical,economicandculturaltransformation.9.UnlikethepracticeinChina,ifyoureatahotelrestaurantintheUnitedStates,expecta15-20percentservicechargeoraddthe(equivalent)amountyourself.10.Thechangeinsmokinghab

21、its(parallels)achangeintheincidenceoflungcancer.Themorepeoplesmoke,themorechancesofoccurrenceforlungcancer.7.Expressionsinuse1.Astheresultofherdivorce,shewasobviously(saddledwith)thedoubleburdenofplayingtheroleofbothmotherandfather.2.Donotbeintimidatedbypeoplewhothinktheyaresmarterthanyou,anddont(ba

22、ckoff)whenfacingpetition;innerconfidenceisimportant.3.Asoursweetchildhood(giveswayto)adolescencestemptationoflove,webegintolearn,asadults,thatmostpleasuresdonotlastforever.4.Intheeconomicrecession,employers(resortedto)thereductionofcosts,mostparticularlyinwages,inordertosurviveinthepetitiveworldmark

23、ets.5.Peoplefromabroadcantakepartintheintensifiedlanguageprogrambecauseschoolshaveto(makeallowancesfor)studentswhoseEnglishisnottheirfirstlanguage.6.Talkingaboutnegotiations,onceanagreementismade,theChinesesometimes(wonderat)theslowpaceinwhichWesternersimplementthedecision.7.Earthquakesoccurwithoutw

24、arning;however,itisclaimedthatsomeanimalscanfeelearthquakes(priorto)occurrencesbecauseoftheirhighlysensitiveorgans.8.Anallowancecanbe(basedupon/basedon)yourchildsage,yourownfinancialresources,theexpensesitwillcoverandthegoalsyouandyourchildwishtoacplish.Unit4SectionA3.Wordsinuse1.Whenthepolicecaught

25、upwithhim,Mr.Fosterhadto(confess)thathedbrokenthespeedlimit.2.WhenevermybossmakesadecisionthatIdontagreewith,ItellhimwhatIreallythink,thoughits(tempting)tomakehimhappybytellinghimhisideasarealwaysright.3.Ascanbeprobablyperceived,amannedtriptoMarsmaysoon(mence)sincescientistshaveachievedthemannedmoon

26、mission.4.Anumberofcountriesare(coordinating)theireffortstosendoutfoodtotheareaworstaffectedbytheflood.5.Stategovernmentsandthecollegesthemselveshave(granted)financialhelptostudentswithspecialabilitiesandthosewithfinancialneeds.6.Themitteeagreedthathispapers(deserved)awidercirculationbecauseoftheire

27、ssentialandfundamentalinteresttoalargeraudience.7.Theangerandfrustration(displayed)bythelocalpeoplewhodonotunderstandwhatishappeningtothemwillbeaterribleanddangerousforce.8.Americansdefendtherighttoobtainagun,andtheyhave(consequently)beenwillingtoturnablindeyetotheharmthatpeopleowninggunshavecaused.

28、9.Asthefinanceministryrejectedthedealforitslackofclarity,it(lodged)aplaintwiththeEuropeanmissionthatthisdealwasagainstthelaw.10.Dogscannotdistinguishthecoloroftrafficlights,sothemastermustmakethedecisionofwhenitissafeto(proceed)acrosstheroad.7.Expressionsinuse1.Sheauthorizedherpartnertocarryouttheda

29、ilyresponsibilities(onherbehalf)whenshewasonherbusinesstrip.2.Onhearingthelatestnewsaboutyourmothersillhealth,I(tookthelibertyof)cancelingyourreservationattheSheraton.3.Therewasanobviousindicationthatthepolicewhohavetoenforcethenewlawwerenot(immuneto)thegeneraldiscontent.4.Whensheheardofherfailurein

30、theexperiment,hereyes(werefilledwith)tears;whetheritwasofshame,frustration,orgriefwasdifficulttotell.5.RoseknowsthatcontinuouslettersfromJohn,togetherwithcountlessroses,areaimedatmakingher(fallinlovewith)him.6.(Expelledfrom)publicschoolfordrinkingandsmokingandthenfailinginshowbusinessasasinger,shejo

31、inedherfathersbusiness10yearsago.7.Sincethegreatscandalsinbanking,manypeopleinthecountryhave(beenpessimisticabout)theprospectsofeconomicrecoverywithinafewyears.8.Theparentswerequitehappyto(goalongwith)oursuggestionbecauseithadtakentheirmostimportantconcernsintoconsideration.Unit5SectionA3.Wordsinuse

32、1.Thedisciplinemessageaskspeopletosave,whilethey enjoyyourselfmessageaskspeopletospend;therefore,they(contradict)eachother.2.Itisa(n)(paradox)thatinsomeoddwayworldpeaceappearstodependonourspendingmillionsofpoundsonweaponsthatcankillusall.3.Itisfarmoreeffectiveforparentstoallowforthechilds(perspectiv

33、e)andlethimmakehisownchoiceratherthanmakeadecisionforhim.4.Whenyouarewritinganydirectionsforpeople,youvegottobedirectand(explicit)tomakeeverythingrightlyunderstood.5.Thenewteachingprogramwas(suspended)lastsemesterbecausetheteachersinthedepartmentprotesteditsdemandformoreintensework.6.Heisaveryconsid

34、erateandgenerousperson,andheisalsooneofthosewhocanoften(derive)pleasurefromhelpingothers.7.Manychildrenareaddictedtoputers,sotheyoften(defy)theirparentsandplaytheputergamesforhourseveryday.8.Myroommateisalwaysveryoptimistic,andthatswhyhestill(retains)hisgoodhumorafterallthesetbacks.9.Thereisawidelyh

35、eldsuspicionthatthepolitician,thoughretired,stillhasgreatpowerandis(manipulating)eventsbehindthescenes.10.Theorganizationhasbeenworkingwithlocalauthoritiesaswellasregionalgovernmentandofficialsto(tackle)theproblemofclimatechange.7.Expressionsinuse1.Peoplewhoworkinofficesare(referredto)aswhite-collar

36、workersforthesimplereasonthattheytraditionallywearawhiteshirtwithacollarandatietogotowork.2.Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidencethatwas(atoddswith)hisearlierstatementmadeafewhoursago.3.Inordertopersuadehisdaughterto(putoff)themarriage,thefatherquotedstatisticsshowingmixed-racecouple

37、shadhigherdivorceratesthansame-racecouples.4.ThemothermadethedecisiontogivecoughmedicineandAspirintohersickchildwithout(consultingwith)thechildsdoctor.5.Bothprofessionalexpertsandschoolteacherssaythatchildrentendto(dotheirutmost)whentheyseetheirparentsmakingsimilarefforts.6.Assheenteredthemostdynami

38、cperiodofhercareer,Kylie(tookstockof)hersuccessandtriedtoanalyzethestrongimpactofhercollegeeducation.7.ThechiefexecutiveGeorgeGreyisconfidentthatcurrentgrowthlevelscanbemaintainedsinceallthegroupsdevelopmentprojectsstay(ontrack).8.Itisveryimportantforstudentstounderstandand(takein)newinformation.Bes

39、ides,theyshouldexamineandjudgeinformationcarefullyandthenmaketherightdecisions.新視野大學(xué)英語第三版book2unit1翻譯英譯中：Englishisknownasaworldlanguage,regularlyusedbymanynationswhoseEnglishisnottheirfirstlanguage.Likeotherlanguages,Englishhaschangedgreatly.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagecanbedividedintothreemainper

40、iods:OldEnglish,MiddleEnglishandModernEnglish.TheEnglishlanguagestartedwiththeinvasionofBritainbythreeGermanictribesduringthe5thcenturyAD,andtheycontributedgreatlytotheformationoftheEnglishlanguage.Duringthemedievalandearlymodernperiods,theinfluenceofEnglishspreadthroughouttheBritishIsles,andfromthe

41、early17thcenturyitsinfluencebegantobefeltthroughouttheworld.TheprocessesofEuropeanexplorationandcolonizationforseveralcenturiesledtosignificantchangeinEnglish.Today,AmericanEnglishisparticularlyinfluential,duetothepopularityofAmericancinema,television,music,tradeandtechnology,includingtheInternet.人們

42、普遍認(rèn)為英語是一種世界語言，經(jīng)常被許多不以英語為第一語言的國家使用。與其他語言一樣，英語也發(fā)生了很大的變化。英語的歷史可以分為三個主要階段：古英語，中古英語和現(xiàn)代英語。英語起源于公元5世紀(jì)，當(dāng)時三個日耳曼部落入侵英國，他們對英語語言的形成起了很大的作用。在中世紀(jì)和現(xiàn)代社會初期，英語的影響遍及不列顛群島。從17世紀(jì)初，它的影響力開始在世界各地顯現(xiàn)。歐洲幾百年的探險和殖民過程導(dǎo)致了英語的重大變化。今天，由于美國電影、電視、貿(mào)易和技術(shù)、包括互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的大受歡迎，美國英語的影響力尤其顯。中譯英：中國書法(calligraphy)是一門獨特的藝術(shù)、是世界上獨一無二的藝術(shù)瑰寶。中國書法藝術(shù)的形成，發(fā)展與漢文字

43、的產(chǎn)生與演進存在著密不可分的關(guān)系。漢字在漫長的演變發(fā)展過程中，一方面起著交流思想、繼承文化的重要作用，另一方面它本身又形成了一種獨特的藝術(shù)。書法能夠通過作品把書法家個人的生活感受、學(xué)識、修養(yǎng)、個性等折射出來，所以，通常有“字如其人”的說法。中國書法不僅是中華民族的文化瑰寶，而且在世界文化藝術(shù)寶庫中獨放異彩。Chinesecalligraphyisauniqueartandtheuniquearttreasureintheworld.TheformationanddevelopmentoftheChinesecalligraphyiscloselyrelatedtotheemergenceand

44、evolutionofChinesecharacters.Inthislongevolutionaryprocess,Chinesecharactershavenotonlyplayedanimportantroleinexchangingideasandtransmittingculturebutalsodevelopedintoauniqueartform.Calligraphicworkswellreflectcalligrapherspersonalfeelings,knowledge,self-cultivation,personality,andsoforth,thustherei

45、sanexpressionthatseeingthecalligraphershandwritingislikeseeingtheperson.AsoneofthetreasuresoChineseculture,Chinesecalligraphyshinessplendidlyintheworldstreasurehouseofcultureandart.新視野大學(xué)英語第三版book2unit2課后翻譯英翻中AM00C(massiveopenonlinecourse)isanonlinecourseaimedatunlimitedparticipationandopenaccessviat

46、heweb.M00Csarearecentdevelopmentindistanceeducationandhavenowbeeasurgingtrendinhighereducation.Theseclassesareaimedatexpandingauniversitysreachfromthousandsoftuition-payingstudentswholiveintown,tomillionsofstudentsaroundtheworld.Inadditiontotraditionalcoursematerials,M00Csprovideinteractiveuserforum

47、stosupportinteractionsbetweenstudentsandprofessors.M00Cscanencouragemunicationamongparticipantswhobringavarietyofviewpoints,knowledge,andskillstothecourseinspirepeopletotryonsubjectsthattheywouldntotherwisepursueoreventryoneducationitself;providemultiplewaystoengagewithcoursematerial,encouragingmult

48、imodal(多模式的)learningthatcanaddresstheneedsoflearnerswithavarietyoflearningstylesandinspirebetterteachinganduseoftechnologiesforface-to-facecourses.慕課是一種網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程，它旨在通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)實現(xiàn)廣泛參與和開放接入。慕課是遠(yuǎn)程教育邁出的最新一步，現(xiàn)已在高等教育領(lǐng)域迅速引領(lǐng)潮流。通過這些課程，大學(xué)可以擴大影響的X圍，從影響成千上萬住在城里付學(xué)費的學(xué)生，擴展到惠及全球上百萬的學(xué)生。除了擁有傳統(tǒng)的課程資料，慕課還給使用者提供互動論壇，支持學(xué)生和講師之間的交流。慕課能

49、夠促進參與者之間的交流，使得多種觀點、知識和技能涌現(xiàn)到課堂上來；它鼓勵人們嘗試之前不可能嘗試的課程，至是嘗試新的教育方式；它提供多種學(xué)習(xí)課程資料的方式，鼓勵多模式學(xué)習(xí)，以各種學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格滿足學(xué)習(xí)者的需求；另外，慕課促進教學(xué)的改善，使技術(shù)在面對面授課中得以更好地應(yīng)用。中翻英近年來，隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，我國的數(shù)字化教育資源建設(shè)取得了巨大的成就。很多高校建立了自己的數(shù)字化學(xué)習(xí)平臺，數(shù)字化教學(xué)在教育中發(fā)揮著越來越大的作用。和傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)方式相比，數(shù)字化教學(xué)方式有很大的優(yōu)勢。一方面，數(shù)字化教學(xué)使教學(xué)資源得以全球共享；另一方面，它拓展了學(xué)習(xí)者的學(xué)習(xí)時間和空間，人們可以隨時隨地通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進入數(shù)字化的虛擬學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。

50、這使得人類從接受一次性教育走向終身學(xué)習(xí)成為可能。Inrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofInternettechnology,theconstructionofdigitaleducationresourcesofourcountryhasmadegreatachievements.Manyuniversitieshavesetuptheirowndigitallearningplatforms,anddigitalteachingisplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleineducation.paredwiththetraditio

51、nalwayofteaching,thedigitalwayhasalotofadvantages.Ononehand,digitalteachingmakesglobalsharingofteachingresourcespossibleontheotherhand,itexpandsthelearnersstudytimeandspacetolearn,allowingpeopletogetaccesstothedigitalvirtualschoolsthroughtheInternetanytimeandanywhere.Theseadvantagesmakeitpossiblefor

52、peopletoshiftfromone-timelearningtolifelonglearning.美洲和歐洲各國都會慶祝2月14日的情人節(jié)。這是一個充滿愛情和浪漫的節(jié)日，戀人之間通常都會交換情人卡和愛情信物。關(guān)于這個節(jié)日的起源有著不同的說法。一個傳說是羅馬人把一個叫圣瓦倫丁的神父關(guān)進了監(jiān)獄，因為他拒絕相信羅馬神。2月14日那天，瓦倫丁被處死，不僅因為他是基督徒，而且因為他曾治愈了一位監(jiān)獄看守雙目失明的女兒。他在被處死的前一天晚上給她寫了一封署名“你的瓦倫丁”的告別信。后來，2月14日就成了一個人們可以為他們的情人展示感情的節(jié)日?，F(xiàn)在，人們以不同的方式慶祝情人節(jié)，他們發(fā)送賀卡、鮮花，贈送巧

53、克力或其他禮品，或共進浪漫的晚餐?，F(xiàn)在這個節(jié)日已流行世界各地。在中國，這個節(jié)日也正越來越受年輕人的歡迎。中翻英農(nóng)歷七月初七是中國的七夕節(jié)(QixiFestival)，是中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中最具浪漫色彩的一個節(jié)日。一些大的商家每年都舉辦不同的活動，年輕人也送禮物給他們的情人。因此，七夕節(jié)被認(rèn)為是中國的“情人節(jié)”(ValentinesDay)。七夕節(jié)來自牛郎與織女（CowherdandWeavingMaid）的傳說。相傳，每年的這個夜晚，天上的織女都會與牛郎相會。所以，在七夕的夜晚，人們可以看到牛郎織女在銀河（theMilkyWay）相會。姑娘們也會在這一天晚上向天上的織女乞求智慧，以獲得美滿姻緣。但隨

54、著時代的變遷，這些活動正在消失，唯有標(biāo)志著忠貞愛情的牛郎織女的傳說一直流傳民間。July7thontheChinesecalendarisChineseQixiFestival,themostromanticofallthetraditionalChineseholidays.Everyyear,somebigbusinessesorganizevariousactivities,andyoungpeoplesendgiftstotheirlovers.Asaresult,theQixiFestivalisconsideredtobeChineseValentinesDay.TheQixiFe

55、stivalisderivedfromthelegendofCowherdandWeavingMaid.ThelegendholdsthatonthisparticularnighteveryyeartheWeavingMaidinheavenmeetswithCowherd.So,peoplecanseeCowherdandWeavingMaidmeetingintheMilkyWayonthenightofQixi.Onthisnight,girlswouldalsobegWeavingMaidforsomewisdomforahappymarriage.But,withthechangi

56、ngoftimes,theseactivitiesarediminishing.AllthatremainsisthelegendofCowherdandWeavingMaid,asignoffaithfullove,continuouslycirculatedamongthefolk.unit5課后翻譯英翻中TheAgeofDiscovery,alsocalledtheAgeofExploration,isahistoricalperiodofEuropeanglobalexplorationthatstartedintheearly15thcenturyandcontinueduntilt

57、he18thcentury.ItisusuallyregardedasabridgebetweentheMiddleAgesandtheModernera,inthecontextofemergingwesternimperialismandeconomicpetitionbetweenEuropeankingdomsseekingwealththroughtheestablishmentoftraderoutesandcolonies.Amongmanygreatexplorersduringthisperiod,themostoutstandingonewasChristopherColu

58、mbussincehediscoveredtheNewWorld.Europeanoverseasexpansionledtotheriseofcolonialempires,withthecontactbetweentheOldandNewWorldsproducingtheexchange:awidetransferofplants,animals,foods,culture,andsoforth.Thisrepresentedoneofthemostsignificantglobaleventsconcerningecology,agriculture,andcultureinhisto

59、ry.Europeanexplorationallowedtheglobalmappingoftheworld,resultinginanewworld-viewanddistantcivilizationsacknowledgingeachother.大發(fā)現(xiàn)年代，也被稱為大勘探年代，是歐洲進行全球勘查的一個歷史時期，始于15世紀(jì)初并一直持續(xù)到18世紀(jì)。這一時期通常被認(rèn)為是中世紀(jì)和近代之間的橋梁，當(dāng)時西方帝國主義剛興起，歐洲各王國之間正在經(jīng)濟上互相競爭，他們想通過建立貿(mào)易路線和殖民地來尋找財富。在這一時期眾多偉大的探險家中，最杰出的是克里斯托弗?哥倫布，因為他發(fā)現(xiàn)了新大陸。歐洲的海外擴X導(dǎo)致了

60、殖民帝國的崛起，舊大陸與新大陸的接觸也促成了兩邊的互相交換：大量的植物、動物、食物、文化等得到遷移。這代表了歷史上生態(tài)、農(nóng)業(yè)和文化在全球X圍內(nèi)最重大的活動之一。歐洲大勘探讓繪制全球性的世界地圖成為可能，從而使人們看到一個新的世界與古老的文明正遙相呼應(yīng)。中翻英絲綢之路（SilkRoad）是我國古代一條連接中國和歐亞大陸（Eurasia）的交通線路，由于這條商路以絲綢貿(mào)易為主，故稱絲綢之路。作為國際貿(mào)易的通道和文化交流的橋梁，絲綢之路有效地促進了東西方經(jīng)濟文化交流和發(fā)展，對世界文明進程有著深遠(yuǎn)影響。當(dāng)前，在新的歷史條件下，我國提出了一帶一路（OneBelt,OneRoad）（即絲綢之路經(jīng)濟帶和21

61、世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路）的戰(zhàn)略構(gòu)想。一帶一路以合作共贏為核心，強調(diào)相關(guān)各國的互利共贏和共同發(fā)展。這一戰(zhàn)略一經(jīng)提出即受到沿線各國的積極響應(yīng)。TheSilkRoadisatrafficrouteintheancienttimesconnectingChinaandEurasia.Thistraderoutefocusesonthetradeofsilk,hencethenametheSilkRoad.Asaninternationaltradechannelandabridgeofculturalexchanges,theSilkRoadeffectivelyimprovedtheeconomicand

62、culturalexchangesanddevelopmentbetweentheEastandtheWest,exertingaprofoundimpactontheprogressoftheworldcivilization.Nowadays,underthenewhistoricalcircumstances,ourcountryproposesthestrategyofOneBelt,OneRoad(namelytheSilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe21st-centuryMaritimeSilkRoad).ThestrategyofOneBelt,OneRoadfocusesoncooperationandmutualbenefits,emphasizingmutualbenefits,win-win,aswellasmondevelopmentoftherelatedcountries.Onceproposed,thestrategyhasreceivedpositiveresponsesfromtherelatedcountriesalongthe