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1、1、形容詞和副詞的基本用法；2、形容詞和副詞的位置；3、形容詞和副詞的級(jí)別；4、常見形容詞和副詞的用法比較。1、形容詞的詞義、形容詞的詞義 - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. - Mm, it does have a _ smell. (2002北京) A. pleasant, pleasedB. pleased, pleased C. pleasant, pleasantD. pleased, pleasantD D Their cheerful voice showed that they
2、 were having a _ discussion. (1997上海) A. noisyB. seriousC. complete D. friendly If it is quite _ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. （05天津卷） A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable D DA A2、后置定語問題、后置定語問題All the people _ at the party were his supporters. (02北京) A. presentB. thankfulC. interest
3、ed D. importantA Af. 下列情況也要后置： a. some, any, no, every 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞的修飾語要后 置如： something new; nothing serious; anything interesting b. else 修飾不定代詞和疑問代詞時(shí)，要后置。如： Nobody else is so silly as you are. c. 不定式短語，動(dòng)名詞短語，分詞短語，介詞短語做定 語要后置。如： Do you still remember the afternoon in the first year at college when the
4、 professor gave us a chemistry lesson? d. 以 a- 開頭的形容詞做定語要后置如：alike, alive, alone, asleep, afraid, awake 如： He is the only man awake at that time.鞏固練習(xí)：鞏固練習(xí)：1. I cant get a good picture on my TV set. There must be something _ with it. A. badB. matterC. the matterD. the wrong2. _ to take this adventure
5、 course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave3. There is _ to hold the water. A. nothing big enoughB. nothing enough big C. big enough nothingD. enough big nothingC CC CA A3、以、以-ly 結(jié)尾的形容詞結(jié)尾的形容詞
6、問題問題5：What he said sounds _. (1993上海)A.nicelyB. pleasantly C. friendlyD. wonderfullyC C John Smith, a successful businessman, has a car. （04遼寧） Alarge German white Blarge white German Cwhite large German DGerman large white B B This _ girl is Linds cousin. (05北京卷) A. pretty little SpanishB. Spanish
7、little pretty C. Spanish pretty littleD. little pretty Spanish One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old由“限定詞-數(shù)詞-描繪詞-(大小，長(zhǎng)短，形狀，新舊，顏色) -性質(zhì)-名詞”的公式可知，描繪詞 + 大小 + 出處的順序，最符合答案。根據(jù)排列順序： 大小、形狀大小、形狀 + +年齡年齡+ +顏色顏色+ +
8、來源來源+ +質(zhì)地質(zhì)地+ +用途用途+ +名詞名詞可選擇AA AA A 1). worth - worthy - worthwhile 2) alike - like -likely 3) dead - deadly - deathly 4) historic - historical 5) live - lively - alive - living 6) possible - probable- likely 7) valueless -priceless 8) respectable (可敬的、高尚的) - respectful (表示敬意的) A respectable man is
9、respectful to others. 9) healthy (健康的) - healthful (有益于健康的) The air at seaside is healthful to us. So all of us are healthy.鞏固練習(xí)：鞏固練習(xí)：1. The World Cup in France was the biggest _ football match in the world. A. aliveB. liveC. livelyD. living2. Anyone who has spent time with children knows the differ
10、ence in the way boys and girls respond (反應(yīng)) to the _ situation. A. likelyB. sameC. alikeD. similar3. Its _ to rain but not _ before evening. A. possible probableB. probable possible C. possibly probablyD. probably possiblyB BD DA A_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful an
11、d careless. （04上海春季） A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people? (1995 N) A. such, such B. such, so C. so, so D. so, suchA AB B副詞 enough 要放在形容詞和副詞的后面，形容詞 enough 放在名詞前后都可。A: 基本句型：such + (a) +
12、adj. + n. ; so + adj. + a + n.B: such 后可加各種名詞，而so后面只能加單數(shù)名詞；C: so 可加 many, much, few, little 等，而such不能。 We dont care if a hunting dog smells _, but we really dont want him to smell _. (1995上海) A. well, well B. bad, badC. well, badly D. badly, bad Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carr
13、y all the way home. （03全國(guó)卷） Amuch too heavyBtoo much heavy Cheavy too muchDtoo heavy muchC CA Asmell 有雙重詞性，作“聞起來”解是系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語；作“嗅”解是形為動(dòng)詞，后接副詞。該題的干擾項(xiàng)是B，“smells bad” 表示聞起來很臭，不可能同時(shí)放入兩個(gè)空格。much too 是副詞，用來修飾形容詞或副詞；too much 是名詞或形容詞，可單獨(dú)使用或修飾名詞。 John is very lazy. He falls _ behind in his studies. (05(廣東卷)
14、 A. very B. far C. more D. still Must I turn off the gas after cooking ? Of course . You can never be careful with that . (05江西卷) Aenough Btoo Cso Dvery B BB B副詞的修飾關(guān)系是現(xiàn)今高考的熱點(diǎn)之一，復(fù)習(xí)中應(yīng)予以足夠的重視?！癴ar behind ”表示“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地掉在后面”。“can never be too ”是一種固定的表達(dá)方式，意為“越就越好” It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold,
15、so she stood _ to her mother.( 2002北京) A. closeB. closelyC. closed D. closingWe decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining _. (1996 N) A. badlyB. hardlyC. strongly D. heavilyA AD Dclose to 離近，此處 close 是副詞；closely 表示“密切地”，與題意無關(guān)。表示 “雨下得大”可用 rain hard; rain heavily等，不用 badly 或 strongly。表
16、示“刮大風(fēng)”可用 strong wind。hardly 是否定詞，與句意無關(guān)。注意下面兼有兩種形式的副詞注意下面兼有兩種形式的副詞 1) close 與與 closely close意思是“近”； closely 意思是“仔細(xì)地” He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.2) late 與與 lately late意思是“晚”； lately 意思是“最近” You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?3) deep 與與 deeplydeep意思是“深”，表示時(shí)間和空間深度；
17、deeply時(shí)常 表示感情上的深度，深深地 He pushed the stick deep into the mud. He often works deep into the night. Even father was deeply moved by the film. 4) high 與與 highly high表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當(dāng)于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.5) wide 與與 widely wide表示空間寬度；widely意思是“廣泛地”，“在許多 地方” He
18、 opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.6) free 與與 freely free的意思是免費(fèi)；freely 的意思是無限制地 You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like. 另外注意下列各組副詞的用法區(qū)別另外注意下列各組副詞的用法區(qū)別 1) just - just now 2) rather - fairly 3) yet - still - already 4) hard
19、- hardly - rarely - scarcely 5) such a + adj. + n. - so + adj. + a + n. 6) most - mostly - almost 7) especially - specially 8) every day - everyday 9) sometime - sometimes -some time鞏固練習(xí)：鞏固練習(xí)：1. Its always difficult being in a foreign country, _ if you dont speak the language. A. Extremely B. natura
20、lly C. basically D. especially2. Would you be _ do me a favor? A. kind enough B. so kind as to C. so kind toD. kind as to3. The guide told us that he would organize some businessmen from abroad to have a tour _ the next month. A. some timeB. sometime C. some timesD. sometimes4. It is _ that his Engl
21、ish is _ perfect. A. sure veryB. right rather C. exact fairlyD. certain quiteD DB BB BD D 1、as as 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu) John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself. （05安徽卷） (B) A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as Wha
22、t a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is _ it is long. （05湖北卷） Ahalf not as wide asBwide not as half as Cnot half as wide asDas wide as not half B BC Cas tall as “高達(dá)”, five foot eight = five feet eight inchesas wide as 是比較，所以倍數(shù)詞應(yīng)放在前面。說明：說明：1）在否定句或疑問句中可用so as。He cannot run so/as fast as y
23、ou.2）當(dāng)as as 中間有名詞時(shí)采用以下格式。 as +形容詞+ a +單數(shù)名詞 as + many/much +名詞 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.3）用表示倍數(shù)的詞或其他程度副詞做修飾語時(shí)，放在as的 前面。This room is twice as big as that one.Your room is the same size as mine.4) 倍數(shù)+ the + n + of 倍數(shù)+ as + adj. + as This bridge is
24、 three times as long as that one.This bridge is three times the length of that one.Your room is twice as large as mine.Your room is twice the size of mine. 5) 數(shù)量詞 + senior / junior + to He is seven years senior to his wife. I am three years junior to my elder sister.、 more than 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)Is your headache
25、getting _? No, its worse. （05全國(guó)卷3） AbetterBbadClessDwell Mr. Smith owns _ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met. （05山東卷） A. largerB. a largerC. the largerD. a large The number of people present at the concert was _ than expected. There were many tickets left. （04福建） Amuch smallerBmuch
26、 more Cmuch largerDmany moreA AB BA A The dictionary gave me a better offer than _. (1999 上海) A. that of DicksB. DicksC. he gave DickD. those of Dick Youre standing too near the camera. Can you move _? (2000 上海) A. a bit farB. a little farther C. a bit of fartherD. a little far In that case, there i
27、s nothing you can do _ than wait. (2001 北京春季) A. moreB. otherC. betterD. anyC CB BB B1）要避免重復(fù)使用比較級(jí)。 (錯(cuò)) He is more cleverer than his brother. (對(duì)) He is cleverer than his brother.2）要避免將主語含在比較對(duì)象中。 (錯(cuò)) China is larger that any country in Asia. (對(duì)) China is larger than any other country in Asia.3）要注意對(duì)應(yīng)句型
28、，遵循前后一致的原則。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.4）程度詞 a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even 等詞可修飾比較級(jí)。除 外，還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語。以 上詞 (除by far) 外，必須置于比較級(jí)形容詞或副詞的前 面。而 by far 一般置
29、于比較級(jí)之后和最高級(jí)之前。、of the two 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu) Of the two shirts, Id like to choose _ one. (94 上海) A. the less expensiveB. the most expensive C. less expensiveD. most expensive If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was _ choice. (95 上海) A. goodB. the bestC. betterD. the better說明：說明：在 of the
30、 two 結(jié)構(gòu)中，比較級(jí)前要加 the，但如果不在 of the two 結(jié)構(gòu)中，要注意冠詞的使用。后有名詞的時(shí)候，前面才有可能有冠詞。 比較：Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. A AD D4、the + 最高級(jí)最高級(jí) + 比較范圍比較范圍 David has won the first prize in s
31、inging; he is still very excited now and feels_ desire to go to bed. (05江蘇卷江蘇卷) A. the most B. more C. worse D. the least Greenland, _ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometers. (2000 上海上海) A. it is the largestB. that is the largest C. is the largestD. the largestD DD D1)形容詞最高級(jí)前
32、必須用定冠詞 the，副詞最高級(jí)前可不用。 The shortest boy runs fastest in the 100-meter race. 形容詞 most 前面沒有 the，不表示最高級(jí)的含義，只表示“非?！?。It is a most important problem. = It is a very important problem.注意：注意： 使用最高級(jí)要注意將主語包括在比較范圍內(nèi)。 (錯(cuò))Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (對(duì))Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2) 下列詞可
33、修飾最高級(jí)，by far, far, much, mostly, almostThis hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意：注意：a. very 可修飾最高級(jí)，但位置與much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best.b. 序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級(jí)。 Africa is the second largest continent.3) 句型轉(zhuǎn)換： Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any o
34、ther student in his class.4) “否定詞語 + 比較級(jí)”，“否定詞語 + so as” 結(jié)構(gòu)表示最 高級(jí)含義。 Nothing is so easy as this.= Nothing is easier than this.= This is the easiest thing. 5、和、和more有關(guān)的詞組有關(guān)的詞組 1) the more the more越就越 The harder you work，the greater progress youll make.2) more B than A與其說A不如說B less A than B He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work.3) no more than 與一樣(不)，不比多 The officials could see no more than the Emperor.no less than與一樣 He is no less diligent than you.4) more than不只是，非常She is more than kind to us all.
語法專題14 形容詞和副詞(Ivan Fang)
