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1、第三篇第三篇寫作寫作第二章第二章 基礎(chǔ)寫作基礎(chǔ)寫作第三節(jié)說明書第三節(jié)說明書專題二說明文寫作之調(diào)查報(bào)專題二說明文寫作之調(diào)查報(bào)告告調(diào)查報(bào)告屬于說明文,一般是引出調(diào)查的時(shí)調(diào)查報(bào)告屬于說明文,一般是引出調(diào)查的時(shí)間、對象和主題,接著講述調(diào)查的結(jié)果,然后分間、對象和主題,接著講述調(diào)查的結(jié)果,然后分析其中的原因,提出作者的希望等。析其中的原因,提出作者的希望等。I recently surveyed my classmates about their views on the new English textbook.According to the survey,80% of the students w
2、ere quite satisfied with it,while 15% disliked it and 5% had no opinion.Students who liked it said the pictures with t h e t e x t s w e r e v e r y a t t r a c t i v e ,which_greatly_aroused_their_interests_in_learningMoreover,the book was very interesting,covering many hot topics and providing lot
3、s of cultural knowledge of the world.However,一、觀摩領(lǐng)悟一、觀摩領(lǐng)悟students who disliked it complained there were too many new words and difficult sentences,making the texts difficult to understand.In_conclusion,the new English textbook has helped most students improve their English enormously.【結(jié)構(gòu)分析與解讀結(jié)構(gòu)分析與解讀
4、】 調(diào)查報(bào)告整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu):時(shí)間、對象和主題調(diào)查報(bào)告整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu):時(shí)間、對象和主題調(diào)調(diào)查結(jié)果查結(jié)果作者觀點(diǎn)。句作者觀點(diǎn)。句用用while從句表達(dá)對比;從句表達(dá)對比;句句運(yùn)用非限制性定語從句;句運(yùn)用非限制性定語從句;句運(yùn)用過渡詞運(yùn)用過渡詞moreover和分詞作狀語;句和分詞作狀語;句運(yùn)用了轉(zhuǎn)折詞作為過運(yùn)用了轉(zhuǎn)折詞作為過渡和運(yùn)用了定語從句、分詞結(jié)構(gòu);句渡和運(yùn)用了定語從句、分詞結(jié)構(gòu);句也運(yùn)用了恰也運(yùn)用了恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞作總結(jié)。當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞作總結(jié)。1調(diào)查報(bào)告寫作應(yīng)注意的問題。調(diào)查報(bào)告寫作應(yīng)注意的問題。(1)注意審題,轉(zhuǎn)換圖表。撰寫調(diào)查報(bào)告時(shí),通注意審題,轉(zhuǎn)換圖表。撰寫調(diào)查報(bào)告時(shí),通常需要結(jié)合圖表,觀察、對比調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)
5、,并把調(diào)查結(jié)常需要結(jié)合圖表,觀察、對比調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),并把調(diào)查結(jié)果和數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為文字表達(dá),并按寫作內(nèi)容給出的要點(diǎn)果和數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為文字表達(dá),并按寫作內(nèi)容給出的要點(diǎn)按順序進(jìn)行寫作。按順序進(jìn)行寫作。(2)確定時(shí)態(tài),規(guī)范全文。引出報(bào)告結(jié)果或數(shù)據(jù),確定時(shí)態(tài),規(guī)范全文。引出報(bào)告結(jié)果或數(shù)據(jù),發(fā)表議論和個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)時(shí),通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。若出現(xiàn)發(fā)表議論和個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)時(shí),通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。若出現(xiàn)具體的時(shí)間狀語,如具體的時(shí)間狀語,如last year,next year,recently等等時(shí),應(yīng)根據(jù)時(shí)間使用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)時(shí),應(yīng)根據(jù)時(shí)間使用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)。二、寫作指導(dǎo)二、寫作指導(dǎo) (3)變換表達(dá),豐富語匯。調(diào)查報(bào)告中多出變換表達(dá),豐富語匯。
6、調(diào)查報(bào)告中多出現(xiàn)相同內(nèi)容的描述或分析,為避免重復(fù),建議使現(xiàn)相同內(nèi)容的描述或分析,為避免重復(fù),建議使用不同語言和句式表達(dá)同類信息。例如,引出調(diào)用不同語言和句式表達(dá)同類信息。例如,引出調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)時(shí),可使用查數(shù)據(jù)時(shí),可使用The survey /result shows that.;As the data shows.;As we can see from the chart.;According to the table.;From the data,we can learn that.等句型。等句型。 2相關(guān)短語。相關(guān)短語。make a survey作了一次調(diào)查,作了一次調(diào)查,as for how
7、 to至至于怎樣于怎樣,update the website更新網(wǎng)站,更新網(wǎng)站,50% of the girls 50%的女生,的女生,next in line.接下來,接下來, 位居第位居第二,二,compared with.同同比起來,比起來,communicate with.與與交流,交流,take up占占(多少比例多少比例),be in favor of.支持支持/贊成贊成,as far as sb.is concerned就就某人看來,某人看來,have a lot in common有很多共同點(diǎn),有很多共同點(diǎn),get along well with.與與相處融洽,相處融洽,aro
8、use their interest激發(fā)了他們的興趣,激發(fā)了他們的興趣,have a better understanding of更好地了解,更好地了解,put.in the second place把把放在第二位,放在第二位,rank the first place/rank first/be in the first place排在第一位。排在第一位。 3寫作要點(diǎn):時(shí)間、對象、主題寫作要點(diǎn):時(shí)間、對象、主題調(diào)查結(jié)調(diào)查結(jié)果果分析原因分析原因作者觀點(diǎn)或希望。作者觀點(diǎn)或希望。(一一)翻譯下列句子。翻譯下列句子。1上周我們就上周我們就“誰是你的偶像誰是你的偶像”在在2 600人中人中進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。
9、進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。_2最近我們團(tuán)委進(jìn)行了一次調(diào)查,其結(jié)果如下。最近我們團(tuán)委進(jìn)行了一次調(diào)查,其結(jié)果如下。_u即學(xué)即即學(xué)即練練Last week,we did a survey among 2,600 students on “Who Is Your Idol”Recently our League Committee has carried out a survey,whose results are as follows.3根據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果,大約一半的學(xué)生有困難的時(shí)根據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果,大約一半的學(xué)生有困難的時(shí)候會(huì)去找他們的同學(xué)或朋友。候會(huì)去找他們的同學(xué)或朋友。_4關(guān)于怎樣用零花錢,不同的人有不同的選擇。關(guān)于怎
10、樣用零花錢,不同的人有不同的選擇。_According to the survey,about half of the students will go to their classmates or friends when in trouble.Different persons may have different choices on how to spend pocket money.5最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示,學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)方式上是最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示,學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)方式上是各有差異的。各有差異的。_6正如調(diào)查所顯示的那樣,酒后駕駛會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)正如調(diào)查所顯示的那樣,酒后駕駛會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重事故。重事故。_A
11、recent survey suggests that students are different from each other in learning styles. As is shown in the survey,drunk driving may result in serious accidents.(二二)基礎(chǔ)寫作基礎(chǔ)寫作。最近,你校學(xué)生會(huì)對最近,你校學(xué)生會(huì)對“分類垃圾箱是否進(jìn)分類垃圾箱是否進(jìn)學(xué)校學(xué)?!币皇逻M(jìn)行了調(diào)查,請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容寫一篇一事進(jìn)行了調(diào)查,請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容寫一篇調(diào)查報(bào)告調(diào)查報(bào)告。態(tài)度態(tài)度所占比例所占比例原因原因贊成贊成60%有利于資源回收,并有利于有利于資源回收,
12、并有利于學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的垃圾分類習(xí)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的垃圾分類習(xí)慣慣反對反對30%麻煩;習(xí)慣很難改麻煩;習(xí)慣很難改無所謂無所謂10%此事與我無關(guān)此事與我無關(guān)你的個(gè)人意見你的個(gè)人意見參考詞匯參考詞匯分類分類classification寫作要求寫作要求只能使用只能使用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部內(nèi)容。個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部內(nèi)容。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確,信息內(nèi)容完整,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確,信息內(nèi)容完整,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。_參考范文參考范文Recently the Students Union conducted a survey on whether recycling dustbins should be set a
13、t school.Opinions are divided about this act.60% of the students are completely for this act as it is not only beneficial to recycling of resources,but also can help students develop their good habit of garbage classification.However,surprisingly,30% of the students hold the opposite opinion that it
14、 is troublesome and resist_to changing their old habits,and the rest care little about it for they think it is none of their business. Personally,Im in favour of this act,because I believe its important to raise peoples awareness of garbage classification,from which we will get great benefits for the future.