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1、 1 1課時(shí)跟蹤訓(xùn)練(十五)基礎(chǔ)鞏固一、選擇題1已知函數(shù)f(x)x22cosx,若f(x)是f(x)的導(dǎo)函數(shù),則函數(shù)f(x)的圖象大致是()解析設(shè)g(x)f(x)2x2sinx,g(x)22cosx0,所以函數(shù)f(x)在R上單調(diào)遞增答案A2若冪函數(shù)f(x)的圖象過(guò)點(diǎn),則函數(shù)g(x)exf(x)的單調(diào)遞減區(qū)間為()A(,0)B(,2)C(2,1)D(2,0)解析設(shè)冪函數(shù)f(x)x,因?yàn)閳D象過(guò)點(diǎn),所以,2,所以f(x)x2,故g(x)exx2,令g(x)exx22exxex(x22x)0,得2x0,故函數(shù)g(x)的單調(diào)遞減區(qū)間為(2,0)答案D3.如圖所示是函數(shù)f(x)的導(dǎo)函數(shù)f(x)的圖象,則下
2、列判斷中正確的是()A函數(shù)f(x)在區(qū)間(3,0)上是減函數(shù)B函數(shù)f(x)在區(qū)間(3,2)上是減函數(shù)C函數(shù)f(x)在區(qū)間(0,2)上是減函數(shù)D函數(shù)f(x)在區(qū)間(3,2)上是單調(diào)函數(shù)解析由圖可知,當(dāng)3x0時(shí),f(x)0)的單調(diào)遞增區(qū)間為()A.BC.D(,a)解析由f(x)a0,得0x0,f(x)1.要使函數(shù)f(x)xalnx不是單調(diào)函數(shù),則需方程10在x0上有解,所以a2,則f(x)2x4的解集為()A(1,1)B(1,)C(,1)D(,)解析由f(x)2x4,得f(x)2x40.設(shè)F(x)f(x)2x4,則F(x)f(x)2.因?yàn)閒(x)2,所以F(x)0在R上恒成立,所以F(x)在R上單
3、調(diào)遞增,而F(1)f(1)2(1)42240,故不等式f(x)2x40等價(jià)于F(x)F(1),所以x1,選B.答案B二、填空題7函數(shù)f(x)x2ax3在(1,)上是增函數(shù),則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是_解析f(x)2xa,f(x)在(1,)上是增函數(shù),2xa0在(1,)上恒成立即a2x,a2.答案(,28已知函數(shù)f(x)(xR)滿足f(1)1,且f(x)的導(dǎo)數(shù)f(x),則不等式f(x2)的解集為_解析設(shè)F(x)f(x)x,F(xiàn)(x)f(x),f(x),F(xiàn)(x)f(x)0,即函數(shù)F(x)在R上單調(diào)遞減f(x2),f(x2)f(1),F(xiàn)(x2)1,即x(,1)(1,)答案(,1)(1,)9已知函數(shù)f(x)a
4、xx3,若對(duì)區(qū)間(0,1)上的任意x1,x2,且x1x2x1成立,則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是_解析問(wèn)題等價(jià)于函數(shù)g(x)f(x)x在區(qū)間(0,1)上為增函數(shù),即g(x)a13x20,即a13x2在(0,1)上恒成立,即a4,所以實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是4,)答案4,)三、解答題10已知函數(shù)f(x)lnx,其中aR,且曲線yf(x)在點(diǎn)(1,f(1)處的切線垂直于直線yx.(1)求a的值;(2)求函數(shù)f(x)的單調(diào)區(qū)間解(1)對(duì)f(x)求導(dǎo)得f(x),由f(x)在點(diǎn)(1,f(1)處的切線垂直于直線yx知f(1)a2,解得a.(2)由(1)知f(x)lnx,則f(x).令f(x)0,解得x1或x5.因?yàn)閤1不
5、在f(x)的定義域(0,)內(nèi),故舍去當(dāng)x(0,5)時(shí),f(x)0,故f(x)在(5,)內(nèi)為增函數(shù)綜上,f(x)的單調(diào)增區(qū)間為(5,),單調(diào)減區(qū)間為(0,5)能力提升11已知函數(shù)f(x)xsinx,xR,則f,f(1),f的大小關(guān)系為()Aff(1)fBf(1)ffCff(1)fDfff(1)解析由f(x)(x)sin(x)xsinxf(x),知f(x)是偶函數(shù)f(x)sinxxcosx,當(dāng)0x0,所以f(x)在(0,)上為增函數(shù)又01,所以ff(1)f(1)f.故選A.答案A12(20xx湖北華北師大附中模擬)若f(x)exaex為偶函數(shù),則f(x1)的解集為()A(2,)B(0,2)C(,2
6、)D(,0)(2,)解析由f(x)exaex為偶函數(shù),得f(x)f(x)(1a)(exex)0恒成立,所以a1,即f(x)exex,則f(x)exex.當(dāng)x(,0)時(shí),f(x)0,即f(x)在(,0)上單調(diào)遞減,在(0,)上單調(diào)遞增,且圖象關(guān)于y軸對(duì)稱由f(x1)f(1)得|x1|1,解得0x2,即f(x1)0)設(shè)g(x)2x2(a6)xa(x0),因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)f(x)在(0,3)上不是單調(diào)函數(shù),等價(jià)于函數(shù)g(x)2x2(a6)xa(x0)在(0,3)上不會(huì)恒大于零或恒小于零又g(0)a,g(3)4a,所以解得0a3時(shí),g(x)0,當(dāng)x3時(shí),g(x)0,所以exf(x)ex(x22)在R上單調(diào)遞增
7、,故f(x)x22具有M性質(zhì)故填.答案15(20xx全國(guó)卷改編)已知函數(shù)f(x)lnxa(1x)(1)討論f(x)的單調(diào)性;(2)若f(x)在(2,)上為單調(diào)函數(shù),求實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍解(1)f(x)的定義域?yàn)?0,),f(x)a.若a0,則f(x)0,f(x)在(0,)上單調(diào)遞增;若a0,則當(dāng)x時(shí),f(x)0;當(dāng)x時(shí),f(x)0時(shí)f(x)在單調(diào)遞增,在單調(diào)遞減(2)由(1)知,當(dāng)a0時(shí),f(x)在(0,)上單調(diào)遞增,符合要求;當(dāng)a0時(shí),f(x)在上單調(diào)遞減,則2,即a.實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是(,0.16(20xx全國(guó)卷)已知函數(shù)f(x)(x2)exa(x1)2.討論f(x)的單調(diào)性解f(x)(x1
8、)ex2a(x1)(x1)(ex2a)()設(shè)a0,則當(dāng)x(,1)時(shí),f(x)0,所以f(x)在(,1)上單調(diào)遞減,在(1,)上單調(diào)遞增()設(shè)a,則ln(2a)0;當(dāng)x(ln(2a),1)時(shí),f(x)0,所以f(x)在(,ln(2a),(1,)上單調(diào)遞增,在(ln(2a),1)上單調(diào)遞減若a1,故當(dāng)x(,1)(ln(2a),)時(shí),f(x)0;當(dāng)x(1,ln(2a)時(shí),f(x)0)若函數(shù)f(x)在1,2上為單調(diào)函數(shù),則a的取值范圍是_解析f(x)4x,若函數(shù)f(x)在1,2上為單調(diào)函數(shù),即f(x)4x0或f(x)4x0在1,2上恒成立即4x或4x在1,2上恒成立令h(x)4x,則h(x)在1,2上單調(diào)遞增,所以h(2)或h(1),即或3,又a0,所以0a或a1.答案1,)