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摘要
拉壓材料試驗(yàn)機(jī)是分析材料或構(gòu)件機(jī)械性能的基本設(shè)備，是應(yīng)用最廣泛的試驗(yàn)儀器設(shè)備之一。將材料試樣或構(gòu)件經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)機(jī)夾具固定后，對(duì)其施加軸向載荷，記錄加載過(guò)程中承受載荷與產(chǎn)生變形的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，可完成材料或構(gòu)件多項(xiàng)機(jī)械性能的分析、檢測(cè)。
試驗(yàn)機(jī)主要由三個(gè)部分組成：1.機(jī)架（主要部件：液壓缸、底座、支柱和橫梁）；2.夾具 ；3.測(cè)控系統(tǒng)（控制卡與軟件，現(xiàn)已有專門設(shè)計(jì)生產(chǎn)廠家）。
本篇畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)主要闡述的是一套關(guān)于簡(jiǎn)易拉壓試驗(yàn)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)方法，在說(shuō)明書(shū)中，首先明確了設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)并對(duì)試驗(yàn)機(jī)作了相關(guān)的闡述，接著根據(jù)簡(jiǎn)易拉壓試驗(yàn)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)方案和機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)方法，對(duì)試驗(yàn)機(jī)的機(jī)架——液壓缸、支柱等進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)和校核、驗(yàn)算。最后對(duì)試驗(yàn)機(jī)的測(cè)控系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的介紹和設(shè)計(jì)。
關(guān)鍵詞：試驗(yàn)機(jī) 液壓缸 支柱
Abstract
Tension and compression testing machine toanalyze the material or components of the mechanical properties of the basic equipment, is the most widely used one of the test equipment. Sample material or component experimental plane fixture fixed, imposed axial load, records loading process under load and deformation of the relevant data, to be completed by a number of components or materials mechanical properties of the analysis, detection.
Tester mainly composed of three parts : 1. Rack (main components : cylinder, the base, columns and beams); 2. Fixture; 3. Measurement and Control System (control card and software is now specially designed manufacturers).
This graduation design elaborated in the main is a summary of the tension and compression testing machine design, brochures, First clear the design of the test machine was related to the exposition Then, based on simple tension and compression testing machine design and mechanical design method, the test machine rack -- hydraulic cylinder, , and other pillars of the design and verification, checking. Finally, the machine control system for the simple presentation and design.
Keywords : testing machine hydraulic cylinders the pillars
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