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1、騰飛輔導(dǎo) 騰飛輔導(dǎo)中心小學(xué)英語語法(第22期) 第四講 介詞和連詞Name Mark 重點講解一、介詞的用法(一)時間介詞(1)at 表示具體的時刻:at seven ( oclock ) 表示人的年齡:at the age of eleven 表示一段時間,“在 。.。. 期間:at night (在夜里) at Christmas(在圣誕期間) 與結(jié)尾為festival的節(jié)日連用,如: at Spring Festival(2)in :表示一段時間,常與月份和季節(jié)連用,也可用在習(xí)慣用語中.如: in spring in January in February in the morning(
2、3)on :表示具體的某一天,常與day和表示星期、節(jié)日的詞連用。如: on October the tenth on Christmas Eve on Christmas Dayon a cold day on Wednesday on Tree Planting Day(4)before 和 after :表示時間的先后順序。如:They have to finish the work before Thursday。The boys often play football after dinner。We sometimes take a walk after supper.(5)from
3、 .。 to . :“從 。.。. 到 .。.。如:We have classes from Monday to Friday。 She worked in the garden from morning to evening. This train is from Beijing to Tianjin.(二)方位介詞(1)on :“在 。.。 上面” ,兩物體有接觸.(2)over :“在 .。.。 正上方” ,兩物體沒有接觸.如: A lamp is over the table. (燈和桌面沒有接觸)(3)above :“在 . 斜上方” ,兩物體沒有接觸.如: The plane is
4、 flying above the clouds. (飛機在云層中飛行)(4)under 和 below:在 。.。.。 下面,兩物體有接觸。 under :“在 。.。 的正下方” .如:There is a cat under the table。 below :“在 。.。. 的下面”,不強調(diào)是否在正下方.如:Our classroom is below theirs。 (我們的教室在他們教室的下面)(5)in :“在 .。 里面 或者 在 .。. 地方(大地點)” 。如: in the drawer in the box in the room in the zoo A group o
5、f visitors arrived in Beijing yesterday. (一群游人昨天抵達了北京)(6)at :“在 .。. 旁邊 或者 在 。. 地方(小地點)” 。如: The family is eating at the table。(一家人正坐在桌子旁吃飯) I met Peter at the railway station.(7)behind :“在 .。.。. 后面” 。如:Sally hid herself behind a tree。比較 in front of “在 .。. 外部的 。 前面” 。如: There is an apple tree in fron
6、t of the houseThere is a house behind the apple tree. in the front of “在 .。 內(nèi)部的 。.。 前面” .如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom。(8)between :“在兩者之間” 。如:The office building is between the swimming pool and the playing ground.(三)動向介詞(1)across :“橫穿”,常與street ,bridge等名詞連用。如: Go across the
7、street, and you will find a book shop。 (2)though:“從 。.。.。 里面穿過” 。如:We walked through the woods. (森林)(3)along :“沿著 。.。 ”,常與road ,street ,river等名詞連用。如: Dick and Wendy walked along the river。 Go along the road, and then turn left.(四)表示方式、手段的介詞(1)by :表示“靠. ;用。.。.” 。如:by bus by painting(靠畫畫為生)(2)with :表示
8、 “使用 。.。 ” 。如:We write with a pen. with our right handswith knives and forks (用刀和叉)(3)in :“用 。.。.。 語言 。如: We talked in English。(五)其它介詞的用法(1)for 表示目的、對象,意思為“為。.。.” 。如:I have a gift for you。 (給你) 表示原因,意思為“因為 .如:Thank you for your dinner。 (感謝你的款待) I am sorry for being late. (對不起,我來晚了。)(2)about :表示某種事物的
9、內(nèi)容,意思是“關(guān)于” 。如: The movie is about the history of China. (這是一本關(guān)于中國歷史的書)(3)with : 表示“和 。.。.。 一起” .如:Can you play with me? (你能跟我一起玩嗎?) I did some cleaning with my mother at weekends. (周末我和媽媽一起做清潔) 表示“對于 。.。. ” 。如: I am very strict with my students. (be strict with .。 對某人嚴格要求) 表示人或物具有的性質(zhì)或特點,意思是“帶著、帶有” .
10、如: The girl with red hair is my sister。 (紅頭發(fā)的女孩是我妹妹) a woman with sunglasses (帶著太陽鏡的婦女) Our teacher came into the classroom with some flowers in her hand。 (4)in :表示“穿著,帶著 。如:The boy in blue is my brother.a boy in a white shirt a boy in a black hat(5)like :“像 .。.?!?.如:John is like his father.John loo
11、ks like an actor。 (約翰看起來像一位演員)(6)of :表示所屬關(guān)系,意思是“.。.。的” (名詞所有格)。 二、連詞連詞:是用來連接兩個詞或句子的詞.1. and: 和、還有,表示疊加關(guān)系。Jimmy and me are classmates.2. or:還是,表示選擇關(guān)系. Which do you like, panda or monkey?3. but:但是,表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 I like football, but I like basketball more.4. when:當(dāng).。.時,用來連接兩個句子。 I was sad when I saw the brok
12、en tree.5. while:當(dāng)。.。時,用來連接兩個句子。 My mum is watching TV while I am doing homework.6. before:在.。.。之前, Sally went away before I came back。7. after:在。.。.之后, I watch TV after I finish my homework.8. because:因為。.。, 表示原因。 She is not here, because shes ill。9. so:所以、那么。.。.,表示結(jié)果。 He works very hard, so he get
13、s 100。10. if:如果,表示條件假設(shè)。 I will go to the moon if I can fly.做中學(xué) 一、單項選擇( ) 1。_ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man。 A。 On B。 At C。 In( ) 2。He left home _ a cold winter evening。 A。 at B. on C. in( ) 3。Shanghai is _ the east of China. A。 in B. on C. to( ) 4。_ my fathers help, I have finished my
14、 composition. A。 Under B. On C。 with( ) 5。I really cant agree _ you。 A. to B. on C. with( ) 6。How about _ the flowers now? A. watering B. are watering C. watered( ) 7.What will you have _ breakfast this morning? A。 with B. for C。 by( ) 8.A plane is flying _ the city. A。 on B。 over C。 above( ) 9。You
15、are free to speak _ the meeting。 A. at B. in C. on( ) 10。Mr. Green stayed in China _ Friday。 A。 to B. on C。 till( ) 11.I wont ask about it, Im going to see it _ _ my own eyes。 A。 by B. for C. with( ) 12。We go to school every day _ _ Sunday。 A。 except B. without C. on( ) 13。There is a small river _ t
16、he two towns A。 in B。 between C. among( ) 14.Are you going to the zoo _ _ _ bus or _ my car?A. on; by B。 by; in C。 on; in( ) 15. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _ 5 oclock _ the morning. A。 on; in B。 at; in C. at; on D。 in; on( ) 16。There is many apples _ the tree。 A bird _ the tree is pi
17、cking an apple。 A。 in; on B。 on; in C。 in; at二、從方框中選擇正確的連詞填空。and or but when If because1. you hand in your homework on time, you can get 200 points。2. Is the blue jacket yours Bens?3. Sally I were at the same class before。4。 I worked very had, I cant do well in Maths。5. Close the door you leave the classroom/6。 He went to the hospital he had a cold。 第 22 期 小六英語語法 第 5 頁