哈飛微型面包車整體式驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)【含5張CAD圖紙和說(shuō)明書】
哈飛微型面包車整體式驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)【含5張CAD圖紙和說(shuō)明書】,含5張CAD圖紙和說(shuō)明書,微型,面包車,整體,總體,驅(qū)動(dòng),設(shè)計(jì),cad,圖紙,以及,說(shuō)明書,仿單
附 錄A 外文文獻(xiàn)
The present situation of theory research on Drive axle design and analysis
With the development of testing technology and improved driving axle in the design process to test the introduction of new technology and a variety of test equipment dedicated to carry out scientific experiments, all aspects of product structure, performance and strength of parts and components, life testing At the same time, extensive use of modern mathematical physics analysis, and assembly of products, parts and components to carry out a full technical analysis, research, and thus drive the development of bridge design theory to scientific experiments and technical analysis is based on the stage.
(1) Computer Supported drive axle design and analysis of the theoretical innovation:
Computer in the engineering design of the popularization and application, so that the bridge design theory-driven and technology leap in the development of completely different design process. Drive axle structure parameters and the optimization of performance parameters such as selection and matching, the intensity of components accounting and life prediction, simulation of the relevant products or simulation analysis of the art form that is more so on the choice of design and shape, design drawings Drawing will be conducted on the computer. The use of computer tools for analysis, because of its fast computing and large data capacity, we can use more accurate mathematical model of multi-degree of freedom to simulate the driving axle of the campaign in a variety of conditions, the use of modern advanced mathematics methods of analysis, can be obtained more accurate results, which analyzed for a variety of programs designed to work creatively to provide a great convenience. At present, due to the external computer equipment and the achievements of human-computer links, can be the computer's rapid calculation and logic to determine the capacity, high-capacity data storage and efficient data-processing capacity, the calculation results of dynamic image display function and creativity thinking ability and experience, the realization of human-computer dialogue-style semi-automatic design, or product design expert systems, design automation. The design process can be computer-related products on a large amount of data, data retrieval, on the design of the design of high-speed computing, computer screen displays graphics and design calculations; designers can also be used up pen and direct man-machine dialogue language graphic changes to achieve the best design options, and then by computer graphics equipment line drawings drawn products. This use of computers and external devices product design methods, collectively referred to as computer-aided design. CAD and CAM will be the future into CADMAT system will show the usefulness of its huge.
(2) basic studies to support the drive axle design and analysis of the theoretical innovation:
With the computer design of drive axle in the popularization and application, a number of modern methods of mathematical physics and the basis for new theoretical achievements in the automotive design has become more widely used. The design of modern drive axle, in addition to traditional methods, computer-aided design methods, but also the introduction of the most optimal design, reliability, design, finite element analysis of computer simulation or simulation analysis, modal analysis and other modern design methods and analytical tools. Bridge design and analysis of drive to achieve the current high level of theory, especially the past three decades is more than a century of basic science, applied technology, materials and manufacturing processes result of continuous development and progress as well as design, production and use of long-term accumulation of experience. It is based on the production of large-scale practice, the basis of the theory as a guide to reflect the achievements of contemporary science and technology-driven bridge design software and hardware as a means to meet the needs of society for the purpose, through the use of materials, technology, equipment, tools, testing equipment, test the technical and business achievements in the field of management, continuous development and progress.
(3) reverse engineering theory and methods widely used:
Driving axle in the field of automated manufacturing, and often involve an enormous amount of complex design and manufacturing and testing surface. Under normal circumstances, first of all applications on the computer computer-aided design and manufacturing technology for the design of product model, and then generate code for processing. With the traditional processing model, compared to reverse engineering a CAD model of characterization of non-existing methods of product design, but through a variety of ways from the physical model was taken from the data re-engineering development models of a product amend. Drive the design and manufacture of axle housing is a very typical reverse engineering methods.
(4) the application of rapid prototyping technology :
Product innovation is designed to give full play to the designer's creative imagination, using the technical knowledge and skills to carry out the innovative ideas that the principle of a practice, its aim is to creatively design a rich and advanced new products. In the development of traditional design, the process is divided into program design, technical design, process design and product manufacturing. With the development of information technology, product design and development of the scope of the content from the traditional extended to product planning, manufacturing, testing, testing , marketing, as well as the whole process of recovery. Traditional design, the extension of the product development cycle. Rapid prototyping technology is the complete CAD model solid model layer by layer manufacturing technology, rapid prototyping technology to rid itself of the traditional processing methods, the growth of a new processing method to the complex three-dimensional processing is decomposed into a simple combination of two-dimensional processing. Therefore it does not need the use of traditional machine tools and processing tool, and only 10% of traditional processing methods of a 30% and 20% of the working hours of a 30% of the cost of products will be able to directly create and mold samples. Product innovation in the design and development application of rapid prototyping technology, with modern high-tech tools and technology to transform traditional methods of product design and development, to promote design innovation, product innovation, process innovation and management innovation to form a digital, virtual and intelligent , integrated in order to bring about a revolution in product design and development.
(5) the application of concurrent engineering to product management and development:
Drive Axle Industries has launched a worldwide competition designed to shorten a new product development time, reduce costs, improve quality, increase market competitiveness, manufacturers are increasingly becoming the most important issue to consider. Concurrent Engineering as a modern, advanced product design and development model to address these problems is a good way for countries to the automotive industry has been used. The so-called concurrent engineering, is the integrated, concurrent design of products and related processes of systems engineering, it takes from concept to product design, shape design, manufacture, use, maintenance of the entire process until the end of life of all the relevant factors that can solve the out of touch the design and manufacturing process design changes caused by frequent and long development time, cost of Higher contradictions can be designed to maximize the quality and development efficiency, and increase market competitiveness. Concurrent engineering, the key is the process of the product and its associated parallel implementation of integrated design, manufacturing and assembly-oriented design is an important aspect of concurrent engineering in product development throughout the entire process of design is the key. Innate quality of the product design decisions. Statistics show that products, including raw materials, manufacture, use, maintenance and other costs that 70% of the generalized cost is a decision from the design stage. The objectives of concurrent engineering is as much as possible early in the design stage on the introduction of the manufacture and assembly of the binding process, such as material selection, manufacturing processes, and assembly of such constraints, design changes to make as much as possible in the early stage of product development, and from manufacturing to assembly to reduce the occurrence of adverse situations, when to make a successful product design, product development to avoid the late change in design due to the enormous waste, which on the drive axle design and subAnalysis of the objectives of the theory put forward more demands.
附 錄B外文文獻(xiàn)的中文翻譯
驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)與分析的理論研究現(xiàn)狀
隨著測(cè)試技術(shù)的發(fā)展與完善，在驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中引進(jìn)新的測(cè)試技術(shù)和各種專用的試驗(yàn)設(shè)備，進(jìn)行科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，從各方面對(duì)產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)、性能和零部件的強(qiáng)度、壽命進(jìn)行測(cè)試，同時(shí)廣泛采用近代數(shù)學(xué)物理分析方法，對(duì)產(chǎn)品及其總成、零部件進(jìn)行全面的技術(shù)分析、研究，這樣就使驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)理論發(fā)展到以科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)和技術(shù)分析為基礎(chǔ)的階段。
(1)計(jì)算機(jī)支持驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)與分析的理論創(chuàng)新：
電子計(jì)算機(jī)在工程設(shè)計(jì)中的推廣應(yīng)用，使驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)理論與技術(shù)飛躍發(fā)展，設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程完全改觀。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)及性能參數(shù)等的優(yōu)化選擇與匹配、零部件的強(qiáng)度核算與壽命預(yù)測(cè)、產(chǎn)品有關(guān)方面的模擬計(jì)算或仿真分析即更進(jìn)一步的美工造型等等設(shè)計(jì)方案的選擇及定型，設(shè)計(jì)圖紙的繪制，均可在計(jì)算機(jī)上進(jìn)行。采用電子計(jì)算機(jī)作分析計(jì)算手段，由于其計(jì)算速度很快且數(shù)據(jù)容量很大，就可采用較準(zhǔn)確的多自由度的數(shù)學(xué)模型來(lái)模擬驅(qū)動(dòng)橋在各種工況下的運(yùn)動(dòng)，采用現(xiàn)代先進(jìn)的數(shù)學(xué)方法進(jìn)行分析，可取得較準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果，這就為設(shè)計(jì)人員分析多種方案進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性的工作提供了很大的方便。當(dāng)前，由于計(jì)算機(jī)的外部設(shè)備及人機(jī)聯(lián)系方面的成就，已可將計(jì)算機(jī)的快速計(jì)算和邏輯判斷能力、大容量的數(shù)據(jù)儲(chǔ)存及高效的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力、計(jì)算結(jié)果的動(dòng)態(tài)圖像顯示功能與人的創(chuàng)造性思維能力及經(jīng)驗(yàn)結(jié)合起來(lái)，實(shí)現(xiàn)人機(jī)對(duì)話式的半自動(dòng)化設(shè)計(jì)，或與產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)的專家系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合，實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化設(shè)計(jì)。其設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程可由電子計(jì)算機(jī)對(duì)有關(guān)產(chǎn)品的大量數(shù)據(jù)、資料進(jìn)行檢索，對(duì)有關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行高速的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算，通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)屏幕顯示其設(shè)計(jì)圖形和計(jì)算結(jié)果;設(shè)計(jì)人員可用光筆和人機(jī)對(duì)話語(yǔ)言直接對(duì)圖形進(jìn)行修改，取得最佳設(shè)計(jì)方案后，再由與計(jì)算機(jī)聯(lián)機(jī)的繪圖設(shè)備繪出產(chǎn)品圖紙。這種利用計(jì)算機(jī)及其外部設(shè)備進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)的方法，統(tǒng)稱為計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)。今后CAD將與CAM結(jié)合成CADMAT系統(tǒng)，更將顯示出其巨大的功用。
(2) 基礎(chǔ)學(xué)科支持驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)與分析的理論創(chuàng)新：
隨著計(jì)算機(jī)在驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)中的推廣應(yīng)用，一些近代的數(shù)學(xué)物理方法和基礎(chǔ)理論方面的新成就在汽車設(shè)計(jì)中也日益得到廣泛應(yīng)用?，F(xiàn)代驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)，除傳統(tǒng)的方法、計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)方法外，還引進(jìn)了最優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)、可靠性設(shè)計(jì)、有限元分析計(jì)算機(jī)模擬計(jì)算或仿真分析、模態(tài)分析等現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)方法與分析手段。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)與分析理論達(dá)到當(dāng)前的高水平，是百余年來(lái)特別是近三十年來(lái)基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)、應(yīng)用技術(shù)、材料與制造工藝不斷發(fā)展進(jìn)步的結(jié)果，也是設(shè)計(jì)、生產(chǎn)與使用經(jīng)驗(yàn)長(zhǎng)期積累的結(jié)果.它立足于規(guī)模宏大的生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐，以基礎(chǔ)理論為指導(dǎo)，以體現(xiàn)當(dāng)代科技成就的驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)軟件及硬件為手段，以滿足社會(huì)需求為目的，借助于材料、工藝、設(shè)備、工具、測(cè)試儀器、試驗(yàn)技術(shù)及經(jīng)營(yíng)管理等領(lǐng)域的成就，不斷地發(fā)展進(jìn)步.
(3) 逆工程理論與方法得到廣泛的應(yīng)用：
在驅(qū)動(dòng)橋自動(dòng)化制造領(lǐng)域中，常常涉及大量的復(fù)雜曲面設(shè)計(jì)制造與檢測(cè)。通常情況下，首先在計(jì)算機(jī)上應(yīng)用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)及制造技術(shù)進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品模型設(shè)計(jì)，然后生成數(shù)控代碼進(jìn)行加工。與這種傳統(tǒng)的加工模式相比較，逆工程表示了一種CAD模型不存在的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)方法，而是通過(guò)從各種方式獲得的實(shí)物模型中抽取數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行再設(shè)計(jì)的一種開發(fā)模式有產(chǎn)品的修改。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼設(shè)計(jì)與制造就是一種非常典型的逆工程設(shè)計(jì)方法。
(4)快速原型技術(shù)應(yīng)用：
產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)是充分發(fā)揮設(shè)計(jì)者的創(chuàng)造性想像才能，利用有關(guān)技術(shù)知識(shí)和技術(shù)原理進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新構(gòu)思的一種實(shí)踐活動(dòng)，其目的是創(chuàng)造性地設(shè)計(jì)出富有新穎性和先進(jìn)性的產(chǎn)品。在傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)中，其過(guò)程分為方案設(shè)計(jì)、技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)、工藝設(shè)計(jì)和產(chǎn)品制造.隨著計(jì)算機(jī)信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)的范疇已經(jīng)從傳統(tǒng)的內(nèi)容擴(kuò)展到產(chǎn)品規(guī)劃、制造、檢測(cè)、試驗(yàn)、營(yíng)銷以及回收全過(guò)程。傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，延長(zhǎng)了產(chǎn)品開發(fā)周期。快速原型技術(shù)是將CAD模型逐層完成實(shí)體模型的制造技術(shù)，快速原型技術(shù)徹底擺脫了傳統(tǒng)的加工方法，采用全新的增長(zhǎng)加工方法，將復(fù)雜的三維加工分解為簡(jiǎn)單的二維加工的組合。因此它不必采用傳統(tǒng)的加工機(jī)床和加工模具，而只需要傳統(tǒng)加工方法10%一30%的工時(shí)和20%一30%的成本就能直接制造出產(chǎn)品樣本和模具。在產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)中應(yīng)用快速原型技術(shù)，用現(xiàn)代的高科技手段和技術(shù)來(lái)改造傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)方法，能夠促進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)新、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新、工藝創(chuàng)新和管理創(chuàng)新，形成數(shù)字化、虛擬化、智能化、集成化，從而帶來(lái)了產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)的革命。
(5) 并行工程應(yīng)用到產(chǎn)品的管理與開發(fā)：
驅(qū)動(dòng)橋產(chǎn)業(yè)己在世界范圍內(nèi)展開了劇烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，縮短新產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)一開發(fā)時(shí)間、降低成本、提高質(zhì)量、提高市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，日益成為各制造廠家考慮的首要問(wèn)題。并行工程作為現(xiàn)代的、先進(jìn)的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)模式，是解決上述問(wèn)題的好辦法，己為各國(guó)汽車制造業(yè)所采用。所謂并行工程，是集成、并行設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品及相關(guān)過(guò)程的系統(tǒng)工程，它考慮到產(chǎn)品從概念設(shè)計(jì)、設(shè)計(jì)定型、制造、使用、維修直至報(bào)廢這一全過(guò)程中的所有相關(guān)因素，能解決因設(shè)計(jì)與制造工藝脫節(jié)而引起的設(shè)計(jì)改動(dòng)頻繁、開發(fā)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、成本高等矛盾可最大限度地提高設(shè)計(jì)質(zhì)量和開發(fā)效率，提高產(chǎn)品的市場(chǎng)竟?fàn)幜?。并行工程的關(guān)鍵是對(duì)產(chǎn)品及其相 關(guān)過(guò)程實(shí)行集成的并行設(shè)計(jì)，面向制造與裝配的設(shè)計(jì)是并行工程的重要內(nèi)容，在產(chǎn)品開發(fā)的整個(gè)過(guò)程中，設(shè)計(jì)是關(guān)鍵。產(chǎn)品的先天質(zhì)量決定于設(shè)計(jì)。統(tǒng)計(jì)表明， 產(chǎn)品在包括原材料、制造、使用、維修等各方面的花費(fèi)即廣義成本的70%也是由設(shè)計(jì)階段決定。并行工程的目標(biāo)就是盡量早地在設(shè)計(jì)階段就引入制造與裝配等工藝的約束，例如材料的選擇、制造工藝性、裝配性等約束，使設(shè)計(jì)方案的修改盡可能地在 產(chǎn)品開發(fā)的前期進(jìn)行，減少?gòu)闹圃斓窖b配時(shí)發(fā)生的不利情況，使產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)一次成功 ，避免在產(chǎn)品開發(fā)后期因改變?cè)O(shè)計(jì)而造成的巨大浪費(fèi)，這就對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)與分析理論的目標(biāo)提出了更苛刻的要求。
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