小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教師課堂用語(yǔ).ppt

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)課堂用語(yǔ),我們探討的內(nèi)容：,小學(xué)英語(yǔ)課堂用語(yǔ)的基本原則 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)課堂用語(yǔ)使用中的常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)課堂用語(yǔ)基本類型 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)課堂用語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)總結(jié),小學(xué)英語(yǔ)課堂用語(yǔ)的基本原則,階段性原則,交際性原則,貫穿性原則,重復(fù)性原則,規(guī)范性原則,引導(dǎo)性原則,激勵(lì)性原則,盡量使用英語(yǔ)的原則 Using English to explain English. Speak English if possible,speak Chinese if necessary.,英語(yǔ)教學(xué)語(yǔ)言要注意必要的重復(fù)，重復(fù)突出了教與學(xué)的重點(diǎn)、講與練的重點(diǎn)，能刺激學(xué)生的注意力，提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。尤其是低年級(jí)起始年段，反復(fù)操練運(yùn)用。,教師的課堂用語(yǔ)要注意規(guī)范性，語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)要正確，養(yǎng)成良好的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。學(xué)生具有很強(qiáng)的模仿能力。教師應(yīng)注意語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)的準(zhǔn)確和規(guī)范，用語(yǔ)地道，把握好語(yǔ)速節(jié)奏,從心理學(xué)角度來(lái)說(shuō)，鼓勵(lì)性的課堂語(yǔ)言能滿足學(xué)生的成就感，增強(qiáng)其自信，避免挖苦學(xué)生，學(xué)生碰到問(wèn)題，鼓勵(lì)或換種簡(jiǎn)單的方式再問(wèn)一遍。,合理使用課堂用語(yǔ)能促使學(xué)生思維能力的發(fā)展，引發(fā)其從不同角度觀察和思考問(wèn)題，尋求問(wèn)題答案和解決問(wèn)題的方法，拓展發(fā)散思維。,課堂用語(yǔ)兼有講授和語(yǔ)言示范的雙重功能。結(jié)合學(xué)生語(yǔ)言認(rèn)識(shí)的實(shí)際水平，由淺入深、由簡(jiǎn)到繁、由易到難、循序漸進(jìn),英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)是英語(yǔ)教學(xué)最直接、最有效的交際情景。1、抓好起始階段，養(yǎng)成講英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣。（日常交際英語(yǔ)常用的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)和指令語(yǔ)）2、根據(jù)單元要求，突出重點(diǎn)，有的放矢。,目前小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教師在使用課堂教學(xué)用語(yǔ)中存在的問(wèn)題,問(wèn)題一： 課堂用語(yǔ)不規(guī)范，說(shuō)話錯(cuò)誤多,1. 語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤： e.g. Can you tell me when did you leave home this morning? Can you tell me when you left home this morning? Can you guess what does it mean? Can you guess what it means?,2. 用詞不當(dāng)： e.g. Can you make a sentence about “how long”? Can you make a sentence with “how long?”? Id like some of students to come to the front now. Id like some of you to come to the front now.,Pay attention the difference.,Pay attention to the difference.,( ),Look at here.,Look here.,3.習(xí)慣性錯(cuò)誤 ： e.g. Teacher: Whats your name? Student: Joey Teacher: How to spell? How do you spell the name?,Can you guess what does it mean?,Can you guess what it means?,( ),4.詞序錯(cuò)誤：,Lets see the two sentence. One more students.,( ),Lets see the two sentences. One more student.,5.單復(fù)數(shù)混淆：,Each character pronounced as one syllable .,Each character is pronounced as one syllable .,(),6.語(yǔ)態(tài)不當(dāng)：,目前小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教師在使用課堂教學(xué)用語(yǔ)中存在的問(wèn)題,問(wèn)題二： 課堂用語(yǔ)不系統(tǒng)，說(shuō)話隨意性大,中文式英語(yǔ)： e.g. Read together. Read it together./Read the dialogue together. Give you five minutes to finish the exercise. Please finish the exercise in five minutes.,Summary（總結(jié)）:,教師出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤多為單復(fù)數(shù)混用，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配不當(dāng)?shù)取３霈F(xiàn)這些錯(cuò)誤的主要原因是因?yàn)榻處熣f(shuō)話的語(yǔ)速過(guò)快，造成一些口誤，還有就是受中文思維的影響。,小學(xué)英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)用語(yǔ) 的基本類型,課堂教學(xué)用語(yǔ)分類：,目前教師的課堂用語(yǔ)根據(jù)其功能可大致分為四類：?jiǎn)柡蝾悾℅reeting)、指令類（Instructions)、提問(wèn)式（ Questions) 、評(píng)價(jià)類（Evaluation)等四類。,Lets start now. Lets begin our class. Lets begin our lesson. Its time for class. Shall we begin our class now? Stand up, please. Sit down, please.,上課（Beginning a class),問(wèn)候語(yǔ)（Greetings),Hello，boys and girlschildren Good morning，classeveryoneeverybodychildrenboys and girls Good afternoon，classeveryoneeverybodychildrenboys and girls How are you today？ Good morning/afternoon, kids. Its so nice/Im so happy to see you again.,May I know your name? (Thats a nice name.) Could you tell me your name, please? (Youve got a beautiful name. I really like it. ) Shall we begin our lesson now? Lets start our class, shall we?,Whos on duty today? Whos helping this morning/today? Is everyone/everybody here/present? Is anyone/anybody away/ absent? Whos absent?/Whos away? Where is he/she? Try to be on time./Dont be late next time. What day is it today? Whats the date today? Whats the weather like today?,考勤（Checking attendance）,自我介紹（Self-introduction）,Now, let me introduce myself. Ill just tell you a bit about myself. My name is . You can call me. Im your new English teacher. Ill be teaching you English this term / semester. Ive got four lessons with you each week.,Lets start working Lets begin/start our lesson. First, lets review/do some review. What did we learn in the last lesson? Who can tell/remember what we did in the last lesson/yesterday? We have some new words / sentences. Now were going to do something newdifferent Now lets learn something new We have some new words/sentences.,宣布 (Announcing),Ready？Are you ready？ Did you get there？/Do you understand？ Is that clear？ Do you know what to do？ Be quiet，pleaseQuiet，please Listen，please Listen carefully，please,提醒注意 (Directing Attention),Listen to the tape recorderthe recording Look carefully，please Look over here Watch carefully Are you watching？ Please look at the blackboardpicturemap Pay attention to your spellingpronunciation,Start！Start now Everybody togetherAll together Practise in a group/in groups，please Get into groups of threefour Everybody find a partnerfriend In pairs，please One at a time Lets do it one by one,課堂活動(dòng) (Classroom activities),Now you，please （Students name） Its your turn now（Students name） Next，pleaseNow you do the same，please Lets actLets act outdo the dialogue Who wants to be A？ Practise the dialogue，please Now Tom will be A，and the other one will be B,課堂活動(dòng) (Classroom activities),Please take（play）the part of Whose turn is it？ Its your turn. Wait your turn，please Stand in lineLine up One by oneOne at a time，please In twosIn pairs Dont speak out Turn around,課堂活動(dòng) (Classroom activities),熱身、新課導(dǎo)入 (Warming-up & Introduction to a New Lesson),Lets do actions! Clap your hands. Stamp your feet. Wave your arms. Nod your head. Shake your head. Now, lets sing the song “If You Are Happy”. Now, lets play the game “Simon says”.,熱身、新課導(dǎo)入 (Warming-up & Introduction to a New Lesson),Have you ever been to the zoo? Can you tell me what animals in the zoo you can say in English? In todays lesson, well learn something about animals English names. Look at the cards. What do you see on this card?,熱身、新課導(dǎo)入 (Warming-up & Introduction to a New Lesson),There are all kinds of fruits in our life: apples, oranges, watermelons Please tell me what your favorite fruit is and why.,Could you please try it again? Could you please try the next one? Will you please help me? Will you please read the dialogue?,請(qǐng)求 (Requests),Can you try？ Try，please Try your bestDo your best Think it over and try again Dont be afraidshy,鼓勵(lì) (Encouraging),指令（Giving instructions),SayRead after me，please Follow me，please Do what I do Repeat，pleaseRepeat after me Once more，pleaseOne more time，please Come here，please Please come to the front Come up and write on the blackboard Come and write it on the blackboard Please go back to your seat,指示/演示語(yǔ),Put your hands up，please Raise your hands, please. Put down your hands ，please Hands down，please Say itWrite it in ChineseEnglish In English, please. Please take out your books Please open your books at page Find page.Turn to Page,指示/演示語(yǔ),Please answer the /my questionquestions Please read this letterwordsentence out loud Please read out this letterwordsentence Please stop nowStop here，please Clean up your deskthe classroom，please Its clean-up time Tidy up your deskthe classroom Put your things awayClean off your desk Clean the blackboard,指示/演示語(yǔ),Listen and repeat Look and listen Repeat after me Follow the words. Hurry！Hurry up，please Do it fast. Slowly/Slow down, please. Bring me some chalk，please,Stop talking Stop talking now，please Dont talk Everybody be quiet，please Settle down,禁止和警告 (Prohibition and warning),提問(wèn)（Questioning),Are you clear? Do you understand? (Have you) Got it? / Did you get it? Who wants to come to the front? Please wait a minute/moment/second. Im sorry. Can you say that again? You know what I mean/what Im saying /talking about? Have you done/finished your work / exercise yet?,問(wèn)與答(Asking and Answering),Whod like to answer the question? Who can answer this question? Who knows the answer? Would you like to try, Tim? Would you like a second try? Would you like someone to help you? Whod like to help? Any volunteers?,問(wèn)與答(Asking and Answering),校對(duì)答案和糾錯(cuò) (Answer Check and Correction),Raise your hand if you know the answer. Lets see what the correct answer is. Who can point out the mistake? Lets see who is correct here. Did you get it right? The correct answer to this question is B. Can anyone tell me why? How many of you have got it right? Lets continue with the next question.,反饋語(yǔ)是課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng)的重要組成部分，是教師評(píng)價(jià)和評(píng)估學(xué)生課堂表現(xiàn)的重要手段，也是推動(dòng)教學(xué)活動(dòng)進(jìn)展的有效方法。,反饋語(yǔ),Not bad. Thank you. Good！Thank you. Good. Thats a good answer. Thank you. Quite good! Very good！ Great! (You did a good job.) Excellent! (Lets give him/her a big hand!) Wonderful！(Im so proud of you.) Well done! (Good boy/girl.) Your answer is very good!,肯定式評(píng)語(yǔ) 參與式評(píng)語(yǔ) 啟發(fā)式糾錯(cuò),反饋語(yǔ)的種類,Not bad. Thank you. (Im sure you can do it better next time.) Good！Thank you. (I could see youve practiced a lot.) Good kid. Thats a good answer. Thank you. Quite good! (I really appreciate your effort.) Very good！(I really enjoy it.),肯定性評(píng)語(yǔ),Great! (You did a good job.) Excellent! (Lets give him/her a big hand!) Wonderful！(Im so proud of you.) Well done! (Good boy/girl/kid.) Your answer is very good! (I admire your work.) Nice going! (You make a great progress.),肯定性評(píng)語(yǔ),What a bright idea! Thank you. Thats a great answer. （I really like it.） You did a good job! (Were so proud of you!) Good point! (I really enjoy it.) Good job! （Im very pleased with your work.） Smart! (What an adorable baby!),肯定性評(píng)語(yǔ),Clever! (I envy you very much.) Perfect! （Youre very professional.） You are such a smart boy/girl/kid! You got sharp eyes/ears. I couldnt believe my ears！,肯定性評(píng)語(yǔ),T: Many people think winter is cold. And what do you think? S: I think winter is warm. T: Why do you think it is warm? S: In winter, I can sit with my parents, and we can watch TV in the living room. I feel warm. T: Yeah, I think it will be warm when you are with your family.,情景1：,啟發(fā)性評(píng)價(jià)策略就是在學(xué)生參與學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的過(guò)程中，對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)之后追問(wèn)一個(gè)問(wèn)題，再評(píng)價(jià)，再追問(wèn)這種“不斷追問(wèn)”的啟發(fā)性策略注重強(qiáng)化學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)、掌握和運(yùn)用，促進(jìn)學(xué)生更廣泛地獲取英語(yǔ)知識(shí)，培養(yǎng)他們的英語(yǔ)興趣和創(chuàng)新意識(shí)。,啟發(fā)性評(píng)價(jià)策略:,S: I like summer best because I can eat ice cream. T: Wow, what do you think of the ice cream? S: They are sweet. T: Are they cool? S: Yes, they are cool. T: In summer, you can eat sweet and cool ice cream, summer is very . S: Summer is very sweet and cool.,情景7：,參與式評(píng)語(yǔ),在采用學(xué)生之間互相評(píng)價(jià)的手段時(shí)，教師要注意不要拿學(xué)生跟別人比，要拿學(xué)生同他自己比。在讓學(xué)生參加評(píng)價(jià)時(shí)可以使用疑問(wèn)和反意疑問(wèn)句。,Is it good? Isnt it a good answer? Do you like his / her answer / reading? Did he/she do a good job? I dont think so. He/she did an excellent job, didnt he/she?,啟發(fā)式糾錯(cuò),當(dāng)學(xué)生犯錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，教師要避免使用否定的評(píng)價(jià)語(yǔ)言，如：You are wrong. Its not correct. 對(duì)回答不出問(wèn)題來(lái)的學(xué)生不要簡(jiǎn)單地使用“Sit down”，要給他們可能獲得成功的機(jī)會(huì)，鼓勵(lì)他們，保護(hù)他們的學(xué)習(xí)積極性。,Thats very close. Go on! Its almost right. Try again, please. Come on! Think it over. Im sure you can do it. Sorry, Im sure you can do it better next time. Im sorry. Would you like a second try? /Would you like to try again? Not bad. Go on, please. Come on, Its very close. It doesnt matter. Im sure you can do it better next time.,非語(yǔ)言評(píng)價(jià)及策略,非語(yǔ)言評(píng)價(jià)既運(yùn)用手勢(shì)，表情（眼神、面容、微笑）及其他肢體動(dòng)作語(yǔ)言（body language） 來(lái)對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)行的評(píng)價(jià)。在使用語(yǔ)言行為評(píng)價(jià)方式的同時(shí)注意非語(yǔ)言評(píng)價(jià)方式的使用可以加強(qiáng)評(píng)價(jià)效果。,布置作業(yè) ( Assigning Homework),For todays homework Practise after classPractise at home Say it out loud，before you write It down CopyPrintWrite each word twice Remember（Memorize）these wordssentences Do your homeworkDo the next lessonDo the new work Copy/Write each word five times.,結(jié)束課堂教學(xué)(Dismissing the class),Hand in your workbooks，please Time is up The bell is ringing Theres the bell There goes the bell Lets stop here Thats all for today Class is over Good byeByeSee you next time,內(nèi)容型課堂用語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)音 (Pronunciation),Now, lets practice some sounds. Well begin with the /e/ sound. Sometimes “ea” is pronounced Did you hear the difference? Open your mouth wide. Thats right. Lets try it one more time.,拼讀(Spelling),Lets spell this word. Can you spell this word? Who would like to spell the word “ heavy” for me?,詞匯(Vocabulary),Can you tell me what “U.S.” stands for? What is 湯 in English? Whats the English for “桃子”? “Alive” is the antonym of the word “dead”. “Fast” is a synonym of the word “quick”.,讀(Reading),Im going to read the sentences for you. Who can read the last line? Well read it a little faster/more quickly. Lets read this one together. I want you to read the conversation in pairs. Ill divide you into two groups. Group One read John and Group Two read Kate. I want you to read this passage loudly.,聽(tīng)(Listening),Lets have some listening practice. Please listen carefully. Listen to the tape and repeat/read after the tape. Listen to the passage/conversation twice and then answer the questions.,說(shuō)(Speaking),please tell me what you did this last weekend. Could you say something about your hometown? Take a careful look at the picture and then describe what you can see in the park.,對(duì)子和分組活動(dòng)(Pair Work and Group Work),Now Id like you to work in pairs and practice this dialogue. Lets do some pair work. Practise in groups，please Discuss this story in your group. Now you are making trip plans with your friends in each group.,角色表演(Role-playing),Lets actLets act out the dialogue Lets do the dialogue Who wants to be A？ Now Tom will be A，and the other half will be B Id like another group to act it out again. Could you act (the part of ) John? Who would like to play (the part of) Jenny?,游戲（Games),Now, were going to play a game. You will use these words to play the game. Lets play a guessing game. Guess what/where/who it is. If you win the game, you may have some candy. You three play together. You will be first. Whos the first one/winner? Did you win? Well score on the board and see which team wins.,講故事(Story-telling),Today Im going to tell you a story. Now we are going to read a story about . Long, long ago, there was a Look at the picture here and guess what might happen next? Do you like Snow White ?,歌曲和歌謠(Songs and Rhymes),This morning, we are going to learn a new song. This song is about Ill sing it first. You listen. OK? Lets sing this song together. This time, we will sing the song a little faster.,http:/ Food and drink 預(yù)熱游戲教學(xué)片斷實(shí)錄 http:/ Families 課文導(dǎo)入提問(wèn)教學(xué)片斷實(shí)錄 http:/ Its mine 重點(diǎn)句子教學(xué)片段實(shí)錄, 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)課堂用語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)總結(jié),一、課堂用語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)短化 二、課堂用語(yǔ)體態(tài)化 三、課堂用語(yǔ)韻句化 四、課堂調(diào)控習(xí)慣化 五、課堂教學(xué)直觀化 六、適當(dāng)配合母語(yǔ)化,Thank you all for your attention,