2020年中考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)突破題 專題36 閱讀理解三（含解析）

專題36 閱讀理解三六十一、長(zhǎng)沙閱讀技能第一節(jié)圖表理解閱讀下面的圖表，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)回答問題或完成句子。A21. The Yum Restaurant stays open for _ in total.A. two hoursB. three hoursC. five hours22. From the menu above, we know that _.A. bread and butter goes with startersB. there are four kinds of different ice creamC. the desserts are available for both lunch and dinner21【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中的內(nèi)容“Lunch served 12: 30-2: 30 p.m./Dinner served 6: 00-9: 00 p.m.”可知，午餐營(yíng)業(yè)兩個(gè)小時(shí)，晚餐營(yíng)業(yè)三個(gè)小時(shí)，共計(jì)五個(gè)小時(shí)。答案為C。22【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中的信息“All starters are served with bread and butter.”所有的開胃小菜都配有面包和黃油。故答案為A。B23. If you are accepted as part of the audience by EZ Comedy Club you can _.A. perform thereB. watch a live showC. record your own comedies24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the poster（海報(bào)）?A. The host of the show.B. The way to join the audience.C. Recording time and location.25. We can infer（推斷）from the poster that the show could be _.A. very seriousB. quite funnyC. kind of boring23【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中句子“The greatest live show ever is coming to town! Do you want to be part of the live audience(觀眾)?”有史以來最偉大的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)表演即將到來！你想成為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀眾的一部分嗎？由此可知如果你被EZ喜劇俱樂部接受為觀眾的一部分，可以觀看現(xiàn)場(chǎng)表演。故答案為B。24【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中信息“How to join the audience? Please email us the following information atezccaudience2019(”可知，海報(bào)中介紹了加入現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀眾的方式；根據(jù)文中信息“Recording Time Friday, July 12, 2019 Recording Location(位置)361 3 Ave. New Haven. CT”可知，海報(bào)中介紹了錄制時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。沒有提到節(jié)目主持人。故答案為A。25【答案】B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)海報(bào)的標(biāo)題LAUGH YOUR HEAD OFF! 狂笑不止，捧腹大笑。以及文中句子“youll have an amazing afternoon at EZ Comedy Club.”你將在EZ喜劇俱樂部度過一個(gè)美妙的下午。由此我們可以從海報(bào)上推斷出這個(gè)節(jié)目可能很有趣。故答案為B。第二節(jié) 短文理解 閱讀下面的短文，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)回答問題或完成句子。ARecently, a junior high school sent several students back home because they broke the school uniform（校服）rules. Should students wear school uniforms? The Young World magazine held a discussion on this topic（話題）.Kennedy: The school uniform is very important, because it always reminds me that I am supposed to go out of my way to study hard. It also helps prevent school bullying（欺凌）. If everyone wears the same clothes, it is impossible to laugh at other peoples clothing. Manson: The uniform has to be earned（獲得）through efforts. Students should start school with no uniforms. As they make progress at school, they start wearing it. I always think children need to be proud of their school. The uniform is important for that. So, make students earn it! If they dont perform well, they should not be allowed to get one.Moorhead: In my opinion, kids dont have to wear uniforms. There should be more choices open to kids in education. They ought to develop their own independence and just be themselves. Their personalities would be expressed through their own clothes at school. And different dress could be one way of showing their understanding of beauty. Besides, they make the school lively and colorful.Patrick: I can see the advantages of wearing school uniforms. They play a very important role in managing schools. However, a school should not depend heavily on uniforms to improve students behaviors. Teaching them how to express themselves with confidence（信心）is more important.26. What does the writer mean to do in Paragraph 1?A. Present an opinion on a subject.B. Introduce a topic for discussion.C. Provide a way to solve problems.27. What is Kennedy in the second paragraph?A. A student.B. A teacher.C. A parent.28. In Mansons opinion, _ .A. students have the right to get school uniforms for freeB. students should be encouraged to earn school uniformsC. students performing well neednt wear school uniforms29. According to Patrick, what is more important?A. Managing schools by uniforms.B. Improving students behaviors.C. Helping students express themselves confidently.30. We can learn from the text that _ .A. Kennedy cant stand school uniformsB. Moorhead is against school uniform rulesC. the writer holds the same opinion as Patricks26【答案】B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的句子“Should students wear school uniforms? The Young World magazine held a discussion on this topic（話題）.”學(xué)生應(yīng)該穿校服嗎？The Young World雜志就這個(gè)話題進(jìn)行了討論?？芍髡咴诘谝欢谓榻B了一個(gè)將要討論的主題。故答案為B。27【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的句子“The school uniform is very important, because it always reminds me that I am supposed to go out of my way to study hard.”校服很重要，因?yàn)樗偸翘嵝盐乙W(xué)習(xí)。由此判斷Kennedy是一名在校學(xué)生，故答案為A。28【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的句子“So, make students earn it! If they dont perform well, they should not be allowed to get one.”讓學(xué)生們贏得校服！如果他們表現(xiàn)不好，就不應(yīng)該允許他們得到校服。由此可知，Manson認(rèn)為應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生通過自己的表現(xiàn)來獲得校服。故答案為B。29【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一句“Teaching them how to express themselves with confidence（信心）is more important.”教給他們?nèi)绾巫孕诺乇磉_(dá)自己更重要。因此在Patrick看來，幫助學(xué)生自信地表達(dá)自己更重要。故答案為C。30【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，Kennedy認(rèn)為校服很重要，A答案錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段中的句子“In my opinion, kids dont have to wear uniforms.”可知，Moorhead反對(duì)學(xué)校穿校服的規(guī)定，B答案正確；文章列舉了四個(gè)人對(duì)學(xué)生穿校服的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，我們無法判斷作者傾向于哪個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，C答案錯(cuò)誤，故答案選B。BIt is believed that Huck Finn is based on（基于）a childhood friend of Mark Twains. In fact, Twain was not alone in basing a fictional character（虛構(gòu)的角色）on a real-life person.Severus Snape / John NettleshipSeverus Snape is a skillful wizard（巫師）teaching magic in Harry Potter. The writer, J.K. Rowling, once said that the character was based on a teacher of hers.The teacher turned out to be John Nettleship, who taught Rowling chemistry. At first, Nettleship felt surprised. “I know I am a strict teacher,” he said. “But I dont think I am as bad as Snape!” On second thoughts, however, he said that he was so ill-tempered that most of his students avoided making him mad. Also, he used to wear long hair and have an untidy lab. That sounds familiar to Harry Potter fans.Alice / Alice LiddellFamously, Lewis Carrolls Alice in Alices Adventures in Wonderland is based on Alice Liddell.Carroll was close to the Liddell family. One day, ten-year-old Alice asked Carroll to tell her a new story. Carroll began to create his famous tale of Alice and what happened after she fell through the rabbit hole. The little girl liked the story so much that she asked him to write it down. And the rest is history.Dill / Truman CapoteIn To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee based Dill on her childhood friend, Truman Capote. Capote once said, “Lee was my best friend. Have you ever read To Kill a Mockingbird? Im a character in that story! The story takes place just in the town where we lived!”31. Snape and Nettleship have something in common EXCEPT_.A. their jobsB. their looksC. their hobbies32. What does the underlined word “ill-tempered ” mean in Paragraph 3?A. 沉著冷靜的B. 優(yōu)柔寡斷的C. 脾氣暴躁的33. What made Carroll decide to create Alices Adventures in Wonderland?A. Alice Liddells requirement.B. His great interest in rabbits.C. His experience of travelling.34. Being a character of To Kill a Mockingbird, Truman Capote felt_.A. proudB. unsatisfiedC. surprised35. The text is mainly about _.A. purposes of writing fictional storiesB. introductions to famous writers childhood friendsC. characters of fictional stories from real-life persons31【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中句子Severus Snape is a skillful wizard（巫師）teaching magic in Harry Potter.可知，西弗勒斯·斯內(nèi)普是一位熟練的巫師，在哈利波特中教授魔法。根據(jù)文中句子The teacher turned out to be John Nettleship, who taught Rowling chemistry. 可知，約翰·內(nèi)特利希普是羅琳的化學(xué)老師，因此兩個(gè)人的職業(yè)相同；根據(jù)文中句子Also, he used to wear long hair and have an untidy lab. That sounds familiar to Harry Potter fans.可知，約翰·內(nèi)特利希普以前留著長(zhǎng)發(fā)，有一間不整潔的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，這聽上去像是哈利波特迷們所熟悉的。由此判斷兩個(gè)人的相貌相似。故答案選C。32【答案】C【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“ill-tempered ”所在句子的從句“that most of his students avoided making him mad.”大多數(shù)學(xué)生都避免讓他生氣。由此推斷約翰·內(nèi)特利希普的脾氣比較暴躁，故答案選C。33【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中句子One day, ten-year-old Alice asked Carroll to tell her a new story. Carroll began to create his famous tale of Alice and what happened after she fell through the rabbit hole. 一天，十歲的愛麗絲讓卡羅爾給她講一個(gè)新故事?？_爾開始創(chuàng)作他著名的愛麗絲故事，以及她從兔子洞里掉下來后發(fā)生的事情。由此可以看出愛麗絲·利德爾的要求讓卡羅爾決定創(chuàng)作愛麗絲夢(mèng)游仙境。故答案為A。34【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)短文最后的句子Have you ever read To Kill a Mockingbird? Im a character in that story! The story takes place just in the town where we lived! 你讀過殺死一只知更鳥嗎？我是那個(gè)故事里的人物！故事發(fā)生在我們居住的小鎮(zhèn)上！由此推斷作為殺死一只知更鳥的角色，杜魯門·卡波特感到驕傲與自豪。答案為A。35【答案】C【解析】主旨大意題。短文介紹了一些小說中所塑造的人物角色取材于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的真實(shí)人物。故答案為C。第四節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)閱讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。I am Canadian. I started learning French when I was 10 years old. But my whole experience with the language was in the classroom. All of that changed, however, during my last summer of high school. As a 17-year-old girl, I flew across the country by myself for the first time! I headed for Quebec to live in the province with a French-speaking host family, who didnt speak any English. And I would learn French at a local school. On the first day of school, all of us students were given a test to determine（測(cè)定）our language level. We were required to speak only French all summer.I made every effort to communicate in a second language by making new friends, seeing movies and even ordering food from restaurants in French. Though I couldnt understand most of it at the very beginning, the whole experience was exciting and refreshing. On weekends, my classmates and I took trips to different places around the province. On one trip, we went whale watching on the St. Lawrence River. Even though it was raining, we could see huge whales swimming around our boat. The most memorable part of our trip was a visit to historic Quebec City. I walked along the stone streets, took pictures of the European-style（歐式的）buildings, and learned some stories there.Finally my efforts paid off! At the end of the summer, I was able to communicate pretty well. I couldnt wait to go back to school and talk with my French teacher. Being fully immersed（沉浸）in a French-speaking environment was a valuable learning experience. And it could be the main reason for my improvement in French.40. When did the writer fly alone for the first time?41. How did the local school determine the students language level?42. Did the writer enjoy the experience of communicating in French?43. What did the writer think of the visit to historic Quebec City?44. What could be the main reason for the writers improvement in French?40【答案】At age 17. 【解析】問題：作者第一次獨(dú)自坐飛機(jī)是什么時(shí)候？根據(jù)短文中的句子“As a 17-year-old girl, I flew across the country by myself for the first time!”可知作者在17歲的時(shí)候，第一次坐上了飛機(jī)，故答案為At age 17。41【答案】By giving them a test.【解析】問題：當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校是如何測(cè)定學(xué)生語(yǔ)言水平的？根據(jù)短文第二段中的句子On the first day of school, all of us students were given a test to determine（測(cè)定）our language level.可知，所有的學(xué)生是通過測(cè)試來測(cè)定語(yǔ)言水平的，故答案為By giving them a test。42【答案】Yes, she did. 【解析】問題：作者喜歡用法語(yǔ)交流的這段經(jīng)歷嗎？根據(jù)第三段中的句子“Though I couldnt understand most of it at the very beginning, the whole experience was exciting and refreshing.” 雖然我一開始大部分并不太明白，但整個(gè)經(jīng)歷是令人興奮和耳目一新。由此判斷作者非常喜歡這段語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)歷，故答案為Yes, she did。43【答案】It was the most memorable part of the trip 【解析】問題：作者對(duì)歷史悠久的魁北克市的這次訪問是怎么看的？根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的句子“The most memorable part of our trip was a visit to historic Quebec City.”我們這次旅行最難忘的部分是參觀歷史悠久的魁北克市。因此作者認(rèn)為這是旅行中最難忘的部分。故答案為It was the most memorable part of the trip。44【答案】Being fully immersed in a French-speaking environment.【解析】問題：作者提高法語(yǔ)水平的主要原因是什么？根據(jù)短文最后的句子“Being fully immersed（沉浸）in a French-speaking environment was a valuable learning experience. And it could be the main reason for my improvement in French.”完全沉浸在講法語(yǔ)的環(huán)境中是一種寶貴的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。這可能是我法語(yǔ)進(jìn)步的主要原因。故答案為Being fully immersed in a French-speaking environment。六十二、株洲第三部分 閱讀技能 閱讀下面的材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)回答問題成完成句子。AFOR BASKETBALL PLAYERS At least eight hours of sleep every night. Drink ten glasses of water every day. Two hours of training every day. No soft drinks. Eat plenty of rice. Eat fruit four times a day. Eat vegetables three times a day. Eat white meat only. No red meat. 21. How many times should the basketball players eat fruit?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.22. This picture mainly introduces the ways of _.A. becoming strongB. trainingC. eating21【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Eat fruit four times a day“一天吃四次水果”可知，故選C。22【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，主要講述籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的吃、喝以及睡眠的要求，旨在讓人們變得強(qiáng)壯，故選A。BKinds full time study on the InternetStudents of all ages a gap year before college studyBuildings environment friendly by AICourses over 30 courses to choose from more than 10 languagesTeachers with doctor AI robotsExams all sides different kinds23. What can students get before college study?A. 30 courses.B. AI robots.C. A gap year.24. How many points does the form mention?A. 4.B. 6.C. 19.25. What can be the beset title for the form?A. Future Schools of China.B. Future Exams of China.C. Future Students of China.23【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)a gap year before college study“大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)之前的一個(gè)間隔年”可知，故選C。24【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格可知，總共描述了6點(diǎn)，包括Kinds, Students, Buildings, Courses, Teachers和Exams，故選B。25【答案】A【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，主要通過種類、學(xué)生、建筑、課程、教師以及考試等六方面，講述中國(guó)未來的學(xué)校，故選A。CProtecting the earth is like protecting our eyes. Peoples attention to recycling is increasing. From recycling plastic bags to using environment friendly products, there are many developments to be seen in almost every corner of the world. Sweden is a worldwide leader in recycling. They open worlds first mall for repaired and recycled goods. Its called ReTuna a two-story building in Eskilstuna, Sweden, about 70 miles west of Stockholm. The clever thing about this mall is its position. Its right next to the citys recycling centre. So a stream of cars is already coming to drop off unwanted household things. This produces a supply of things for the shops. There are 14 special shops. When goods arrive, a team sorts everything into categories (類別). The mall only sells goods that are recycled or “upcycled”, meaning unwanted things broken down and reinvented as something new. By doing so, 50 new jobs were created in repair and retail (零售).“You can come and just do sustainable shopping and Sweden loves it. And the world loves it,” said Anna Bergstrom, the manager of the ReTuna Mall. “I think its fun to find something that people have used, and we can use further, said Cato Limas, a ReTuna customer (顧客). “If you look at the things theyre selling here, they are almost new. So actually, why do you need to buy new things?”These unwanted things found new homes. In 2018, the mall sold second-hand goods worth $1. 3 million.26. The Swedens first mall for repaired and recycled goods is _.A. ReTunaB. EskilstunaC. Anna Bergstrom27. How many new jobs were created in repair and retail?A. 14.B. 50.C. 70.28. What does the underlined word “sustainable” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Lucky.B. Private.C. Environment friendly.29. Who is Cato Limas?A. A manager.B. A customer.C. A driver.30. The passage mainly talks about _.A. shopping in SwedenB. making more moneyC. the mall selling second-hand goods26【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)They open worlds first mall for repaired and recycled goods. Its called ReTuna“他們開了世界上第一個(gè)修理和回收物品的商場(chǎng)，叫做ReTuna”可知，是ReTuna，故選A。27【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)By doing so, 50 new jobs were created in repair and retail“通過做這個(gè)，在修理業(yè)和制造業(yè)有50個(gè)新的工作被創(chuàng)造”可知，有50個(gè)新工作被創(chuàng)造，故選B。28【答案】C【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)I think its fun to find something that people have used, and we can use further“我發(fā)現(xiàn)一些人們已經(jīng)使用的東西并且我們能更深地使用是有趣的”以及If you look at the things theyre selling here, they are almost new. So actually, why do you need to buy new things?“如果你看他們?cè)谶@里賣的東西，他們幾乎都是新的，你為什么需要買新的東西呢？”可知，表示對(duì)環(huán)境有利的，環(huán)保的，故選C。29【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)said Cato Limas, a ReTuna customer可知，他是一個(gè)顧客，故選B。30【答案】C【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文以及These unwanted things found new homes. In 2018, the mall sold second-hand goods worth $1. 3 million“這些不需要的東西找到了新家，在2018年，這個(gè)商場(chǎng)賣出去的二手商品價(jià)值130萬美元”可知，主要講述這個(gè)商場(chǎng)賣二手商品，故選C。DThe United Kingdom, officially known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is a state located at north-west Europe. The United Kingdom has four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It is one of the most powerful, and richest countries in the world. It is an amazing piece of land that is rich in history and facts, some of which are yet to be discovered. From the natural beauty to the people, technological advancement (科技進(jìn)步) and sports, no one can ever have enough of the UK. To learn more about the country, you should read the facts below. The English drink the most tea in the world. They drink over 163 million cups of tea daily, about 20 times the number of cups drunk by Americans.Although Britain has been involved in many wars lasting for many years, it has also been involved in the shortest war. The Anglo-Zanzibar War fought in 1896 lasted only 45 minutes, just the time for a class. The UK has the highest rate (比率) of being very fat in the world. Almost 25% of the British adults are very fat. The UK has the third-highest rate of heart disease in Europe. It ranks (排位) just below Ireland and Finland. Of all countries that celebrate Independence Day, 58 are independent of the UK, the highest by any country. Almost 25% of all women in the UK were named Mary in 1811. According to history, the London Bridge had indeed fallen down according to the old rhyme, when the Saxons had torn it down using ropes and boats. The Thames has over 200 bridges and tunnels along its course.31. The first paragraph introduces the _ of the UK.A. peopleB. countriesC. weather32. What do the English drink the most?A. Coffee.B. Cola.C. Tea.33. When did the Anglo-Zanzibar War happen?A. In 1896.B. In 1811.C. In 1800.34. What did the writer use most to tell the truth?A. Stories.B. Examples.C. Numbers.35. What can be the best title of the passage?A. The Culture of the UK.B. The Fun Facts of the UK.C. The Science of the UK31【答案】B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)The United Kingdom, officially known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is a state located at north-west Europe. The United Kingdom has four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland“英國(guó)，正式名稱為大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國(guó)，是位于歐洲西北部的一個(gè)國(guó)家。英國(guó)有四個(gè)國(guó)家:英格蘭、蘇格蘭、威爾士和北愛爾蘭”可知，第一段主要介紹國(guó)家，故選B。32【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The English drink the most tea in the world“英國(guó)人喝最多的茶”可知，故選C。33【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Anglo-Zanzibar War fought in 1896 lasted only 45 minutes“1896年的盎格魯-桑給巴爾戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)只持續(xù)了45分鐘”可知，故選A。34【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)They drink over 163 million cups of tea daily, about 20 times the number of cups drunk by Americans，The Anglo-Zanzibar War fought in 1896 lasted only 45 minutes以及Almost 25% of the British adults are very fat可知，作者通過數(shù)字來講述事實(shí)，故選C。35【答案】B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，主要通過數(shù)據(jù)講述一些有關(guān)英國(guó)的有趣的事實(shí)，例如茶喝得最多的國(guó)家、耗時(shí)最短的戰(zhàn)役等等。故選B。EThe 2030 Agenda says that ending poverty in all its forms, including extreme poverty (極度貧困), is the greatest task. Because 1. 4 billion people in developing countries live on less than $1. 25 a day. Another 842 million people, or one in eight people, do not have enough to eat, today. The good news is that there are ways to end poverty. Creating jobs, both in the United States and abroad, is a great way to deal with poverty. When people have jobs, they have money, and when people have money, they can more easily get themselves out of poverty. The U. N. says that For the poor, labor is often the only thing they can use to improve their well-being.”The education of girls and women impacts (影響) the rest of the societies. A womans degree of education is linked to the age at which she marries and has children, to her health and diseases. Educating girls and women can end poverty in developing nations, as well as in the United States. The United States hasnt raised the lowest pay since 2007. Because of this, right now, UA full-time worker with two children getting the lowest pay will still raise his or her family in poverty.” And thi