2020年中考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)突破題 專題35 閱讀理解二（含解析）

專題35 閱讀理解二三十一、江蘇淮安AThere were many plants in a forest. When spring came, a pine tree saw a red rose nearby and said, "What a beautiful flower! I wish I were that lovely. "The rose proudly said, "It seems that I am the most beautiful flower in this forest. "Then the rose looked at a cactus (仙人掌) and said, "Look at that ugly plant full of thorns（刺）! ""What a proud flower! " thought the trees.As the days passed. the red rose often looked at the cactus and said bad words about it, like "This plant is useless. How sorry I am to be his neighbor ! "The cactus never got angry and even tried to advise the rose, saying, "God did not create any form of life without a purpose. "Spring passed, and the weather became very hot. As there was no rain, the red rose began to wilt（枯萎）.One day the rose saw birds put their beaks (喙) into the cactus and then fly away. The red rose asked the pine tree what the birds were doing. The pine tree explained that the birds were getting water from the cactus."The cactus has water?" asked the rose.Yes, you can also drink some from it. The birds can bring water to you if you ask the cactus for help. "The red rose felt too ashamed to ask for water from the cactus. But finally it did ask for help. The cactus kindly agreed.The rose learned a lesson and never judged (評(píng)價(jià)) anyone by their appearance again.31. At first, _ thought the cactus was ugly.A. the roseB. the pine treeC. the birdsD. the thorns【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中"Then the rose looked at a cactus (仙人掌) and said, "Look at that ugly plant full of thorns（刺）! 可知，起初，玫瑰認(rèn)為仙人掌是丑陋的。故選A。32. The red rose began to wilt because _.A. the birds could flyB. spring cameC. there was no rainD. the cactus got angry【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中Spring passed, and the weather became very hot. As there was no rain, the red rose began to wilt（枯萎）.可知，因?yàn)闆](méi)有雨。故選C。33. The birds put their beaks into the cactus to _.A. get waterB. eat foodC. offer helpD. tell secrets【答案】A【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中One day the rose saw birds put their beaks (喙) into the cactus and then fly away. The red rose asked the pine tree what the birds were doing. The pine tree explained that the birds were getting water from the cactus.可知，鳥把嘴伸進(jìn)仙人掌里取水。故選A。34. From the passage, we know the cactus was _.A. rudeB. kindC. selfishD. careless【答案】B【解析】推理判斷。根據(jù)文中The red rose felt too ashamed to ask for water from the cactus. But finally it did ask for help. The cactus kindly agreed.可知，仙人掌善良地同意了，說(shuō)明它是善良的。故選B。35. From the story, we know_.A. the pine tree didn't think the red rose was beautifulB. the red rose never said bad words about othersC. the cactus refused to help the birdsD. the red rose realized she was wrong at last【答案】D【解析】主旨大意，通讀整篇短文可知，這篇短文主要是最后紅玫瑰意識(shí)到了自己的錯(cuò)誤。故選D。BShawneen Mountain is a perfect place for skiing. Lifts（電梯）can help tourists get to the top of the mountain in 3 minutes. The following is the price table of the lift tickets.LIFT TICKETSTouristsWeekday(open to close)Weekend(open to close)Night(3 p.m. to 10 p.m.Adult* (Ages 19 to 60)$48$55$34Young Man * (Ages 18. under)$37$41$34Child (46cm tall &. under)FREEFREEFREECollege StudentCollege ID (證件 ) needed$38$49$34Soldier (Active Duty ID needed)$38$49$34Elders* ( Ages 60 to 69)$38$49$34Super Elders* (Ages 70+)FREEFREEFREE* proof (證明) of age neededLift HoursMonday - Friday: 9 a.m. 10 p.m. Weekend: 8 a.m. 10 p.m.Christmas Day: Noon 5 p.m.36. Shawneen Mountain is a perfect place for _.A. skiingB. walkingC. climbingD. riding【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中Shawneen Mountain is a perfect place for skiing.可知，這里是說(shuō)是滑雪的一個(gè)好地方。故選A。37. If a child of 42cm tall takes the lift with his 18-year-old brother on Thursday morning, they will pay _.A. $41B. $48C. $37D. $74【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中Child (46cm tall &. under) Weekday (open to close) FREE;Young Man (Ages 18. under) Weekday (open to close) $37可知，42cm高的免費(fèi)，18歲的是37美元。故選C。38. As a college student, you can buy a lift ticket at a lower price if you show your _.A. college nameB. college IDC. phone numberD. Active Duty ID【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解根據(jù)文中College Student College ID (證件 ) needed可知，大學(xué)生出示大學(xué)證件，比成年人價(jià)格低。故選B。39. Tourists take the lift at _ to the top of the mountain on Christmas Day.A. 8 a.m.B. 4 p.m.C. 9 a.m.D. 10 p.m.【答案】B【解析】推理判斷。根據(jù)文中Christmas Day: Noon 5 p.m.可知，在圣誕節(jié)，可以在4點(diǎn)乘電梯。故選B。40. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. It takes 3 hours to get to the top of Shawneen Mountain by lift.B. Tourists cant take the lift at 9: 30 a. m. on Sunday morning .C. A soldier shouldnt pay $55 for the ticket at weekends with his Active Duty ID.D. People aged over 70 are also welcome to Shawneen Mountain.【答案】D【解析】推理判斷。根據(jù)文中Super Elders* (Ages 70+) FREE可知，70歲以上的老人也歡迎去肖尼恩山。故選D。CThe Garbage (垃圾) Project started at the University of Arizona in 1973. Since then, the students and teachers in it have studied the modern garbage in different cities.To study the garbage, the students had to travel to landfills (填埋場(chǎng)) , the places where cities bury (填埋) their garbage. While the students were studying the garbage they wore special clothes. Students were very careful when they opened bags of garbage.One important thing the students have learned from studying the garbage is that the garbage in landfills disappears very slowly. That was surprising to both the students and many scientists who had thought that about 70 % of the garbage in landfills would disappear quickly. Even in cities where it rains a lot, the students found newspapers from 1948, 40-year-old hot dogs, and vegetables from 1970. And the students also found many more empty bottles of cola than they expected.How to dispose of our garbage well depends on what kind of garbage it is: regular(普通的) garbage, dangerous materials, or recyclable materials, such as newspapers and glass bottles. Regular garbage goes to regular landfills. Dangerous materials are harmful to people's health and the environment. They shouldn't go into regular landfills.Homes are full of dangerous waste. One kind of the dangerous waste in homes is batteries. When batteries are buried directly（直接地）in a landfill, they often break open. The poison inside them moves through rain water to the bottom of the landfill. Then it can pollute the natural water in the ground.Another dangerous waste from homes is motor oil. When people pour old motor oil on the ground or throw it in the garbage, it pollutes the environment.Our garbage problem is not new, but as the world's population continues to grow, it will become a bigger and bigger problem.41. The Garbage Project started at the University of Arizona in _.A. 1973B. 1970C. 1948D. 1940【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中The Garbage (垃圾) Project started at the University of Arizona in 1973.可知，垃圾工程始于1973年的亞利桑那大學(xué)。故選A。42. To study the modern garbage, the students had to do many things except _.A. Wearing special clothesB. traveling to landfillsC. burying the garbage themselvesD. opening bags of garbage【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中To study the garbage, the students had to travel to landfills (填埋場(chǎng)) , the places where cities bury (填埋) their garbage. While the students were studying the garbage they wore special clothes. Students were very careful when they opened bags of garbage.可知，學(xué)生們必須穿特殊衣服；前往垃圾填埋場(chǎng)；打開垃圾袋，文中沒(méi)有提到自己埋垃圾，故選C。43. The underlined words "dispose of" in Paragraph 4 means _.A. crash intoB. deal withC. worry aboutD. put up【答案】B【解析】詞句猜測(cè)。根據(jù)下文depends on what kind of garbage it is: regular(普通的) garbage, dangerous materials, or recyclable materials, such as newspapers and glass bottles. dispose of的意思是“處理”。故選B。44. From the article, we know old motor oil _.A. should go to regular landfillsB. isn't harmful garbageC. mustn't be poured on the groundD. never pollutes the environment【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中Another dangerous waste from homes is motor oil. When people pour old motor oil on the ground or throw it in the garbage, it pollutes the environment.可知，舊機(jī)油不能倒在地上，故選C。45. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. There are only two kinds of dangerous waste in homes.B. Scientists thought about 70 % of the garbage in landfills would disappear slowly.C. The students found empty bottles of cola were not as many as they expected.D. Batteries often break open when they are buried directly in a landfill.【答案】D【解析】推理判斷。根據(jù)文中When batteries are buried directly（直接地）in a landfill, they often break open. The poison inside them moves through rain water to the bottom of the landfill. Then it can pollute the natural water in the ground.可知，當(dāng)電池直接埋在垃圾填埋場(chǎng)時(shí)，電池經(jīng)常會(huì)被打開。故選D。三十二、江蘇連云港三、閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASeaWorldSeaWorld celebrates 50 years with a Sea of Surprises. Step under the waves at SeaWorld San Diego's all-new Explorers' Reef. Go "hand-in" to touch a shark, a crab, or thousands of tiny cleaner fish that will bite playfully at your fingers. And you can enjoy an all-new Shamu's Celebration: Light Up The Night show.TOUR: A14ADULT:111CHILD(3-10)105San Diego ZooTake a walk on the wild side at the San Diego Zoo with one of the most kinds of wild animals in the world. The San Diego Zoo covers 100 acres and brings 4, 000 animals, representing 800 kinds; together in one place. The Zoo has some of the most beautiful and rare creatures in the world and offers you a great chance to visit wild animals.TOUR: A13ADULT: $90CHILD (3-11): $ 72Legoland CaliforniaOffering a full day of wonderful adventures, Legoland gives fun, imagination, and entertainment to today's youngsters and their families. At Legoland California everyone in the family becomes a hero on more than 50. super rides, shows and attractions.TOUR: A16ADULT: $109CHILD(2-12) $104Universal Studios HollywoodGo behind the scenes on the world famous Studio Tour to explore where Hollywood movies are made. Then, face exciting rides, shows and attractions that put you inside some of the world's biggest movies.TOUR: A6ADULT: $ 138 CHILD (3-12) : $ 9631. Tom, aged 11, who has only $100 and is crazy about rides, can choose Tour _.A. A6B. A13C. A14D. A16【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CHILD (3-12) : $ 96以及Then, face exciting rides, shows and attractions that put you inside some of the world's biggest movies可知，11歲的湯姆喜歡游樂(lè)設(shè)施，且費(fèi)用僅僅為96美元，故選A。32. It can be known from the passages that _.A. visitors can step under the waves and enjoy 50 shows and attractions at SeaWorldB. the San Diego Zoo covers 100 acres with one of the most kinds of wild animals in the worldC. youngsters and their families can enjoy a half day of wonderful adventures in LegolandD. you will be put inside all of the world's biggest movies in Universal Studios Hollywood【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)And you can enjoy an all-new Shamu's Celebration: Light Up The Night show可知，他們能夠享受一個(gè)全新的慶典，排除A；根據(jù)Offering a full day of wonderful adventures, Legoland gives fun, imagination, and entertainment to today's youngsters and their families可知，他們可以在加州樂(lè)高園享受一整天的冒險(xiǎn)，排除C；根據(jù)Then, face exciting rides, shows and attractions that put you inside some of the world's biggest movies可知，你可以被放在一些世界的大電影中，排除D；根據(jù)The San Diego Zoo covers 100 acres and brings 4, 000 animals, representing 800 kinds; together in one place可知，它占地100英畝且有最多種類的野生動(dòng)物，故選B。33. The four passages above probably come from _A. a sports reportB. a story bookC. a science magazineD. an advertisement poster【答案】D【解析】推理判斷題。本文主要講述四則廣告：海洋世界、圣地亞哥動(dòng)物園、加州樂(lè)高園以及好萊塢環(huán)球影城的內(nèi)容、票價(jià)等，所以本文可能來(lái)自于一個(gè)廣告海報(bào)，故選D。BThen Alice saw a small glass table. There was a little golden key on it. She picked it and put it in all the locks on the doors but it didn't open any of them. She moved a curtain on one of the walls and discovered another door, a very small one. She put the key in the lock. It was exactly the right size! She opened the door and looked through it. At the end of a low passage she saw a beautiful garden. It was full of brightly coloured flowers and fountains."Oh, how beautiful! "she said. " I'd love to go there but I'm too big to get through the door. "She walked back to the table. There was a bottle on it now." I'm sure that bottle wasn't there before, " she said, a little confused.She put down the key and picked up the bottle. She read the words "DRINK ME" on it. Alice wasn't a stupid girl. She didn't drink it immediately. First she looked at the bottle carefully. There wasn't a label on it that said "POISON".So she put the bottle to her lips and drank."Mmm, ifs nice, " she said. It tasted like cherry tart, pineapple, roast turkey and toast-all the things that she liked to eat-so she drank some more. And some more. Soon the bottle was empty."What a curious feeling," she said. "I'm getting smaller and smaller.'" It was true! She was now as small as her cat Dinah."Good! I can go through the door into the garden," she said. But, poor Alice! When she got to the door, she didn't have the key! It was on the table. She couldn't reach it because she was too small now. She sat down and cried.After a while she said,"Alice! Stop crying! Crying doesn't help! Dry your tears immediately!" When she looked at the table again, she saw a small glass box under it. She picked it up and opened it. There was a small cake inside. It had the words "EAT ME" on it. She put a small piece of it in her mouth."If I grow bigger I can reach the key, "she thought." And if I grow smaller I can go under the door. "But nothing happened so she finished it.34. From the passage we can know that _.A. at first Alice could go through the door into the garden easilyB. then Alice found there was a little golden key on a small wooden tableC. Alice was as small as her rabbit Dinah after she drank something in the bottleD. Alice saw a small glass box with a small cake in it under the table【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Oh, how beautiful! "she said. " I'd love to go there but I'm too big to get through the door. "可知，她太大了，以至于不能輕易地通過(guò)門，排除A；根據(jù)Then Alice saw a small glass table. There was a little golden key on it可知，愛麗絲發(fā)現(xiàn)在玻璃桌上有一把金鑰匙，排除B；根據(jù)She was now as small as her cat Dinah可知，她和她家的貓一樣小，排除C；根據(jù)When she looked at the table again, she saw a small glass box under it. She picked it up and opened it. There was a small cake inside可知，愛麗絲發(fā)現(xiàn)在桌子下面有一個(gè)小盒子，里面有一塊蛋糕，故選D。35. Alice did the following things in the order of _.a. She saw a beautiful garden at the end of a low passage.b. She moved a curtain and discovered another door.c. She put a small piece of the cake in her mouth.d. She put the bottle to her lips and drank.e. She cried because she couldn't reach the key.A. a- b- c- d- eB. b- a- d- e- cC. d- a- b- e- cD. b- d- e- a- c【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)She moved a curtain on one of the walls and discovered another door, a very small one、At the end of a low passage she saw a beautiful garden. It was full of brightly coloured flowers and fountains、So she put the bottle to her lips and drank、When she got to the door, she didn't have the key! It was on the table. She couldn't reach it because she was too small now. She sat down and cried以及She put a small piece of it in her mouth可知，她移動(dòng)窗簾發(fā)現(xiàn)另一個(gè)門、她在低矮的通道盡頭看到了一個(gè)漂亮的花園、她將瓶子放在嘴唇上并喝了它、她哭了，因?yàn)樗龎虿坏借€匙、她將一小塊蛋糕放到嘴里，所以正確的順序應(yīng)該是b-a-d-e-c，故選B。36. The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to _.A. the small boxB. the glass tableC. the small cakeD. the golden key【答案】C【解析】代詞指代題。代詞指代上文中出現(xiàn)的東西。根據(jù)When she looked at the table again, she saw a small glass box under it. She picked it up and opened it. There was a small cake inside. It had the words "EAT ME" on it. She put a small piece of it in her mouth.、"If I grow bigger I can reach the key, "she thought." And if I grow smaller I can go under the door. "以及But nothing happened so she finished it可知，她在桌子下面看到一個(gè)小的玻璃盒，里面放著一個(gè)蛋糕，她將蛋糕放在嘴中，最后吃了這個(gè)蛋糕，所以it代指蛋糕。故選C。37. According to the passage, the best words to describe Alice are _.A. careful and braveB. curious and helpfulC. clever and friendlyD. organized and strange【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)She didn't drink it immediately. First she looked at the bottle carefully. There wasn't a label on it that said "POISON"可知，她拿起水沒(méi)有立即喝下，而是沒(méi)有看到“毒藥”標(biāo)志才喝，說(shuō)明她是細(xì)心的；根據(jù)"If I grow bigger I can reach the key, "she thought." And if I grow smaller I can go under the door. "可知，她在吃蛋糕前想著“如果她變大，就可以拿到鑰匙，如果她變得更小，就可以直接出去了”，所以她是勇敢的，故選A。CYou think it's "cool" to carry your backpacks and head out to school. But if you don't know exactly how to choose, load, lift and wear them-these all-important accessories（配件）can be a pain in the back. Not to mention the neck, head and shoulders.Backpacks can influence your health. Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to poor body position; and even hurt the spinal column(脊柱）This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain.For example, if it is carried on one shoulder; a heavy backpack forces the muscles and spine to balance the unequal weight. This may increase the possible back problems later in life.More than 50 percent of young people suffer back pain by their teenage years. Research shows that this could be mainly caused improper use of backpacks.Here's some advice to help you carry backpacks comfortably and safely.Choose the right backpack. Forget leather（皮革）! It looks great, but it's far too heavy. Go for canvas（帆布）. Pick a pack that has two wide, adjustable, comfortable shoulder straps（帶子）, along with a hip or waist strap, and plenty of pockets. Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer's body. Packing it properly. Only put in the pack what is needed for that day. It's a good idea to know what each object weighs. The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10 to 15 percent of the wearer's own body weight. Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside, away from the back.Putting the backpack on. Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height. Put on the pack, one shoulder at a time, then adjust（調(diào)整）the straps to fit comfortably. Remember when lifting a backpack, or anything, to lift using the arms and legs and to bend at the knees.The right way to wear a backpack. Both shoulder straps should be used, and adjusted so that the pack fits the body, without hanging to one side. Backpacks should never be worn over just one shoulder. You should be able to move your hands between the backpack and your back. The waist strap should also be worn.Take the above advice, and you may not complain back pain, numbness or weakness in your arms and legs any more.38. What could mainly cause some young people to suffer back pain by their teenage years?A. Too much homework.B. Poor treatment for backs.C. Improper use of backpacks.D. Unhealthy sleep position【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to poor body position; and even hurt the spinal column(脊柱）This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain可知，不適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂帽嘲鼤?huì)造成青少年承受疼痛，故選C。39. Which of the following does the writer suggest?Choose leather backpacks because it looks "cool" to go to school. Pick a pack that its size is suitable for the wearer's body.Make sure the backpack contains only what is needed for that dayPack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside. Put the pack on a smooth surface, above the waist height.A. B. C. D. 【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Choose the right backpack. Forget leather（皮革）! It looks great, but it's far too heavy可知，選擇合適的背包，不要使用皮革書包，所以錯(cuò)誤；Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer's body確保尺寸適合背包人的身體，正確；根據(jù)Packing it properly. Only put