廣東外語外貿(mào)大學(xué)全國碩士研究生入學(xué)考試專業(yè)課試題冊.docx

e.kuakao.com咨詢翻碩考研 <<<點(diǎn)擊加入跨考獨(dú)家整理最全翻碩考研知識資料庫，您可以在這里查閱歷年翻譯碩士考研真題和知識點(diǎn)等內(nèi)容，加入我們的翻碩考研交流群還可以獲得翻碩學(xué)長免費(fèi)答疑服務(wù)，幫你度過最艱難的考研年。以下內(nèi)容為跨考網(wǎng)整理，如您還需更多考研資料，可選擇翻碩考研一對一咨詢進(jìn)行解答。廣東外語外貿(mào)大學(xué)全國碩士研究生入學(xué)考試專業(yè)課試題冊Part I. Phrase Translation (30 points, 1 point for each)Section 1Directions: Translate the following phrases into Chinese:1. CPPCC2. UNESCO3. ASEM4. China-ASEAN Expo5. SWOT analysis6. Global Sourcing7. Information Asymmetry8. Shanghai World Expo9. Innocent Presumption10. The Civil Law System11. The Book of Rites12. Mencius13. Consecutive Interpreting14. The House of Commons15. A Farewell To ArmsSection 2Directions: Translate the following phrases into English:16. 全國人民代表大會17. 外交部18. 會展經(jīng)濟(jì)19. 注冊會計(jì)師20. 次貸危機(jī)21. 董事會22. 中國證監(jiān)會23. 廉政公署24. 暫行規(guī)定25. 有罪推定26. 佛經(jīng)翻譯27. 百年老店28. 論語29. 三國演義30. 南方都市報(bào)Part II. Passage Translation (120 points)31. Translate the following passage into Chinese: (60 points)Population ageing has become a world-wide phenomenon. Moreover, it has not only come to stay but, especially in the developing countries, it will become more felt and acute with the passage of time. Its repercussions are so wide-ranging and manifold that they can only be ignored at a tremendous cost to society.The growing rate of population ageing poses many challenges which have to be faced realistically. A number of decisions have to be taken with the cooperation of every social institution, be it the State, Non-Governmental Organizations, the community, the family members and last but not least, the older persons themselves. Each has a very important role to play in ensuring a sustainable development for the elderly population.Governments and civil society including organisations of older persons, academia, community-based organisations and the private sector need to help in capacity building on ageing issues. As the Shanghai Implementation Strategy points out, “A life-course and inter-sectoral approach to health and well-being is the best approach to ensure that both current and future generations of older persons remain healthy and active”.The gap between the projected increases of the older population and the consequently required services, combined with the parallel development of the personnel needed to carry out these services, creates a pressing and urgent need to train appropriate staff. Training programmes have to be tailored to the nature of the participants, the work they are doing and the needs entailed. Though the basic issues dealt with might often be the same, the approach differs. It will be important in the not too distant future to explore innovative ways of providing education and training in rural and remote areas and to apply, as much as possible, the new and emerging communication technologies to facilitate and enhance these programmes.Every member of society should realize that aging is a process. Consequently, older persons are to be seen as equal citizens of any society, sharing the same rights like other citizens. Any form of discrimination is to be eradicated.32. Translate the following passage into English: (60 points)韶關(guān)市地處粵北山區(qū)，與湖南、江西交界，素有“三省通衢”之譽(yù)，是古代嶺南通往中原的最重要關(guān)口，今天更是廣東通往內(nèi)地的交通樞紐京廣鐵路、京珠高速公路、國道105線、106線、107線、323線、在建的武廣鐵路、規(guī)劃中的韶贛鐵路、廣樂高速公路和韶贛高速公路均經(jīng)過韶關(guān)。韶關(guān)還擁有豐富的土地、礦產(chǎn)、動植物、旅游和水資源。這些都為韶關(guān)的協(xié)調(diào)和可持續(xù)發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。改革開放以來，韶關(guān)城鄉(xiāng)面貌發(fā)生了舉世矚目的變化。隨著珠江三角洲的產(chǎn)業(yè)升級轉(zhuǎn)型，越來越多的企業(yè)家將目光投向韶關(guān)市一個擁有巨大發(fā)展優(yōu)勢和發(fā)展前景的理想地。答案與解析Part I.Section 11. 中國人民政治協(xié)商會議2. 聯(lián)合國教科文組織3. 亞歐會議4. 中國-東盟博覽會5. 態(tài)勢分析6. 全球采購7. 信息不對稱8. 上海世界博覽會9. 無罪推定原則10. 大陸法系11. 禮記12. 孟子13. 交替?zhèn)髯g14. 下議院15. 永別了，武器Section 216. NPC(National Peoples Congress)17. the Ministry of Foreign Affairs18. Exhibition Economy19. Certified Public Accountant20. subprime crisis21. the board of directors22. the China Securities Regulatory Commission23. IACA (Independent Commission Against Corruption)24. Tentative Provisions25. presumption of guilty26. Buddhism translation27. century-old shop28. Confucian Analects29. The Romance of Three Kingdoms30. Southern Metropolitan DailyPart II.31.A. 本文討論了一個非?，F(xiàn)實(shí)的社會問題：人口老齡化。文章前半部分在于提出問題，后半部分提出了一些解決方案。生詞不多，翻譯時重在調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)，避免生硬的英式中文表達(dá)，使整篇文章讀起來更加流暢自然。B. repercussion ripk()n n. 后果;反響;影響manifold mnfld adj. 多種的;多方面的academia ,kdim n. 學(xué)術(shù)界project prdekt vt. 設(shè)計(jì);計(jì)劃eradicate rdket vt. 根除，根絕;消滅C. 【原文】Population ageing has become a world-wide phenomenon. Moreover, it has not only come to stay but, especially in the developing countries, it will become more felt and acute with the passage of time.【句子分析】 with the passage of time譯為“隨著時間的推移”，句中含有連詞“not onlybut (also)”，but 后加入了一個地點(diǎn)狀語，因此考生可能會覺得句子不夠連貫，實(shí)際上只要在翻譯時將地點(diǎn)狀語移至句末，句子就變成了“it has not only come to stay but it will become more felt and acute with the passage of time, especially in the developing countries. ”我們就可以采取簡單的直譯，達(dá)到忠實(shí)、通順的目的。【譯文】人口老齡化已經(jīng)成為一個全球性的現(xiàn)象。這種現(xiàn)象不僅已成定局，還將隨著時間的推移愈演愈烈，發(fā)展中國家尤其如此。【原文】Its repercussions are so wide-ranging and manifold that they can only be ignored at a tremendous cost to society.【句子分析】這句話中包含了“sothat”句型，很多考生習(xí)慣翻譯為“如此以至于”。其實(shí)，這樣的翻譯并不符合中文的表達(dá)，是典型的英式中文，有必要避免這樣生硬的表達(dá)。本句的翻譯需要靈活地將repercussion的意思加以延伸，以便與后面的wide-ranging和manifold搭配。manifold是多樣的意思，若是直接翻譯為影響廣泛且多樣，過于直譯，并沒有將意思表達(dá)完整，所以我們加上“表達(dá)形式”，翻譯為影響廣泛且表現(xiàn)形式多樣。【譯文】它的社會影響廣泛且表現(xiàn)形式多樣，如若忽略，社會必將為此付出巨大代價?！驹摹縏he growing rate of population ageing poses many challenges which have to be faced realistically. A number of decisions have to be taken with the cooperation of every social institution, be it the State, Non-Governmental Organizations, the community, the family members and last but not least, the older persons themselves. Each has a very important role to play in ensuring a sustainable development for the elderly population.【句子分析】“which have to be faced realistically”和“A number of decisions have to be taken with the cooperation of every social institution”都是被動句，英文中被動句比中文多，因此這兩句話我們翻譯為主動句，加上主語“我們”，由于兩句主語相同，我們可以省略后一句的主語，把它們放在一句話中，更加自然和連貫?！癊ach has a very important role to play in ensuring a sustainable development for the elderly population.”中的each指的就是上一句話中羅列的內(nèi)容，因此將這兩句話融合成一句。由此可見，英文翻譯需要注重上下文之間的聯(lián)系，必要時采取拆譯或者合譯的手法，具體采用哪個，則要根據(jù)原句情況而定。【譯文】人口老齡化增長率日益上升，給社會帶來了許多挑戰(zhàn)，我們必須面對這一現(xiàn)實(shí)，團(tuán)結(jié)全社會的力量共同做出一系列決策。為了保證老年人口的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，國家、非政府組織、社區(qū)、家庭成員、 特別是老年人自己，都要扮演重要的角色。【原文】Governments and civil society including organisations of older persons, academia, community-based organisations and the private sector need to help in capacity building on ageing issues.【句子分析】“help in capacity”指不遺余力地幫助，也就是為某項(xiàng)事業(yè)貢獻(xiàn)全力之意?！咀g文】政府和包括老年人組織、學(xué)術(shù)組織、社區(qū)組織以及私營機(jī)構(gòu)在內(nèi)的民間團(tuán)體，都應(yīng)為解決老齡化問題貢獻(xiàn)全力?！驹摹緼s the Shanghai Implementation Strategy points out, “A life-course and inter-sectoral approach to health and well-being is the best approach to ensure that both current and future generations of older persons remain healthy and active”.【句子分析】英文定語修飾成分位置靈活，中文則習(xí)慣將適當(dāng)長度的定語放在所修飾名詞之前，本句翻譯時將定語提前。【譯文】正如上海實(shí)施戰(zhàn)略指出的，“一個終身的、跨部門的健康福利體系是保證現(xiàn)在和未來的老年人既健康又有活力的最佳手段?！薄驹摹縏he gap between the projected increases of the older population and the consequently required services, combined with the parallel development of the personnel needed to carry out these services, creates a pressing and urgent need to train appropriate staff.【句子分析】這句話主語雖然很長，但是意思清晰，所以主語部分采取直譯的方法，最后的謂語部分createneed若是按照字面意思來翻，就是創(chuàng)造了某種需要，較為生硬，我們可以采用意譯的手法，這句話的意思是說，培訓(xùn)員工這件事由于主語部分的原因成為了緊要之事，所以參考譯文為“培訓(xùn)合適的員工變得十分緊急”?？忌诳荚嚂r，需要將句子先過一遍大腦，判斷是否符合我們中文的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，如若生硬，只需要稍微靈活變通，就能都達(dá)到忠實(shí)又通順的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！咀g文】預(yù)期的老齡人口增長和其所需各項(xiàng)服務(wù)之間存在缺口，再加上提供這些服務(wù)的相關(guān)人事部門的發(fā)展，培訓(xùn)合適的員工變得十分緊急?！驹摹縏raining programmes have to be tailored to the nature of the participants, the work they are doing and the needs entailed.【句子分析】“be tailored to”意為“按照、根據(jù)量身定制”。值得注意的是，翻譯“needs”時，根據(jù)文章，我們知道這里考慮的并不是參與者的需求，而是老年人的需求。因此，采取增譯手法，將信息補(bǔ)充出來，令譯文邏輯更加縝密?！咀g文】培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目必須根據(jù)參與者的性格、工作性質(zhì)和老年人的需求量身定制?！驹洹縄t will be important in the not too distant future to explore innovative ways of providing education and training in rural and remote areas and to apply, as much as possible, the new and emerging communication technologies to facilitate and enhance these programmes.【句子分析】這句話句子較長，首先需要理清句子成分。本句的骨架為“It will be important to”，即做某件事是非常重要、意義重大的。It 為形式主語，句子真正的主語是后面的“to explore innovative ways”和“to apply”，其余的部分均為修飾成分。我們將句子的時間狀語“in the not too distant future”提前，真正的主語前置，“逆序法”與“順序法”相結(jié)合，恰當(dāng)調(diào)整原文句子順序，便能夠得出理想的譯文?！咀g文】在不久的將來，探索全新的方式，為農(nóng)村和偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)提供教育和培訓(xùn)，盡可能向機(jī)構(gòu)提供新興通訊技術(shù)，促進(jìn)此類項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展，將成為我們意義非凡的工作?！驹洹緾onsequently, older persons are to be seen as equal citizens of any society, sharing the same rights like other citizens. Any form of discrimination is to be eradicated.【句子分析】Any form of discrimination is to be eradicated.翻譯為主動句需要加上主語“我們”，如果翻譯為被動句“針對老年人任何形式的歧視都應(yīng)被杜絕。”也未嘗不可。翻譯考試時，時間有限，譯文通順達(dá)意最為重要?！咀g文】因此，老年人在任何社會中都應(yīng)被視為平等的公民，享有與其他公民同等的權(quán)利。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)杜絕針對老年人任何形式的歧視。參考譯文：人口老齡化已經(jīng)成為一個全球性的現(xiàn)象。這種現(xiàn)象不僅已成定局，還將隨著時間的推移愈演愈烈，發(fā)展中國家尤其如此。它的社會影響廣泛且表現(xiàn)形式多樣，如若忽略，社會必將為此付出巨大代價。人口老齡化增長率日益上升，給社會帶來了許多挑戰(zhàn)，我們必須面對這一現(xiàn)實(shí)，團(tuán)結(jié)全社會的力量共同做出一系列決策。為了保證老年人口的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，國家、非政府組織、社區(qū)、家庭成員、 特別是老年人自己，都要扮演重要的角色。政府和包括老年人組織、學(xué)術(shù)組織、社區(qū)組織以及私營機(jī)構(gòu)在內(nèi)的民間團(tuán)體，都應(yīng)為解決老齡化問題貢獻(xiàn)全力。正如上海實(shí)施戰(zhàn)略指出的，“一個終身的、跨部門的健康福利體系是保證現(xiàn)在和未來的老年人既健康又有活力的最佳手段?！鳖A(yù)期的老齡人口增長和其所需各項(xiàng)服務(wù)之間存在缺口，再加上提供這些服務(wù)的相關(guān)人事部門的發(fā)展，培訓(xùn)合適的員工變得十分緊急。培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目必須根據(jù)參與者的性格、工作性質(zhì)和老年人的需求量身定制。盡管需要應(yīng)對的基本問題通常相同，但方式有所差異。在不久的將來，探索全新的方式，為農(nóng)村和偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)提供教育和培訓(xùn)，盡可能向機(jī)構(gòu)提供新興通訊技術(shù)，促進(jìn)此類項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展，將成為我們意義非凡的工作。每個社會成員都應(yīng)當(dāng)意識到，老去是一個過程。因此，老年人在任何社會中都應(yīng)被視為平等的公民，享有與其他公民同等的權(quán)利。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)杜絕針對老年人任何形式的歧視。32.A.本文介紹了韶關(guān)市，包括它的地理位置、交通狀況、資源狀況及其發(fā)展前景。翻譯時需要將所有信息詳實(shí)地翻譯出來，避免粗心的錯誤，如數(shù)字翻譯錯誤、漏譯等。B. 關(guān)口 pass交通樞紐 transport hub高速公路 express way協(xié)調(diào)和可持續(xù)發(fā)展 harmonious and sustainable development產(chǎn)業(yè)升級轉(zhuǎn)型industrial upgrading and transformation珠江三角洲 Pearl River DeltaC. 【原文】韶關(guān)市地處粵北山區(qū)，與湖南、江西交界，素有“三省通衢”之譽(yù)，是古代嶺南通往中原的最重要關(guān)口，今天更是廣東通往內(nèi)地的交通樞紐京廣鐵路、京珠高速公路、國道105線、106線、107線、323線、在建的武廣鐵路、規(guī)劃中的韶贛鐵路、廣樂高速公路和韶贛高速公路均經(jīng)過韶關(guān)?！揪渥臃治觥恐形倪@句話，句子很長，包含了地理位置、交通狀況兩個信息。因此翻譯時，根據(jù)信息，拆分為兩句話，在素有“三省通衢”之譽(yù)這句后斷開。譯文中“from north to south”是根據(jù)常識得出的信息，翻譯出來更好，沒有的話也影響不大?！咀g文】Lying in the north of Guangdong province, Shaoguan is in the boundary of Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi provinces, known as the “Great Passage of Three Provinces”. Since ancient times, it has been the most important and strategic pass from Lingnan into the central plains of China, and now it is the transport hub from Guangdong to the inland of China. Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, Beijing-Zhuhai Express Ways, No.105, 106, 107, 323 national highways, Wuhan-Guangzhou Railway under construction, and the planned Shaoguan-Jiangxi Railway, Guangzhou-Lechang and Shaoguan-Jiangxi Express Ways all go from north to south in its prefecture.【原文】韶關(guān)還擁有豐富的土地、礦產(chǎn)、動植物、旅游和水資源?！揪渥臃治觥窟@句話沒有生詞，重點(diǎn)在于羅列內(nèi)容的翻譯順序。礦產(chǎn)和旅游資源是包含了各種其它能源的兩個大類，土地、動植物和水資源與之相較層次要降一等，所以翻譯時，我們將這些資源分類之后調(diào)整順序，更有利于譯文語言的整理?！咀g文】Besides, Shaoguan is a city with abundant tourist and mineral resources, and resources such as land, plants, animals and water.【原文】改革開放以來，韶關(guān)城鄉(xiāng)面貌發(fā)生了舉世矚目的變化?！揪渥臃治觥俊鞍l(fā)生了怎樣的變化”譯文使用了“there be”句型?？忌部梢杂米兓髦髡Z，使用動詞結(jié)構(gòu)take place 和occur搭配?！咀g文】Since the reform and opening-up, there is a remarkable change in both urban and rural areas in Shaoguan.【原文】隨著珠江三角洲的產(chǎn)業(yè)升級轉(zhuǎn)型，越來越多的企業(yè)家將目光投向韶關(guān)市一個擁有巨大發(fā)展優(yōu)勢和發(fā)展前景的理想地?！揪渥臃治觥俊皩⒛抗馔断颉币簿褪恰皩⒆⒁饬性凇钡囊馑?，因此可以翻譯為“focus ones attention on sth.”?！耙粋€擁有巨大發(fā)展優(yōu)勢和發(fā)展前景的理想地”這句話翻譯時，將理想地這一中心詞前置，修飾成分用with引出，簡單自然?！咀g文】With the industrial upgrading and transformation of the Pearl River Delta, more and more entrepreneurs are focusing their attention on Shaoguan, an ideal place with great development advantages and prospects.參考答案：Lying in the north of Guangdong province, Shaoguan is in the boundary of Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi provinces, known as the “Great Passage of Three Provinces”. Since ancient times, it has been the most important and strategic pass from Lingnan into the central plains of China, and now it is the transport hub from Guangdong to the inland of China. Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, Beijing-Zhuhai Express Ways, No.105, 106, 107, 323 national highways, Wuhan-Guangzhou Railway under construction, and the planned Shaoguan-Jiangxi Railway, Guangzhou-Lechang and Shaoguan-Jiangxi Express Ways all go from north to south in its prefecture. Besides, Shaoguan is a city with abundant tourist and mineral resources, and resources such as land, plants, animals and water. All these provide a substantial material foundation for the harmonious and sustainable development of Shaoguan.Since the reform and opening-up, there is a remarkable change in both urban and rural areas in Shaoguan. With the industrial upgrading and transformation of the Pearl River Delta, more and more entrepreneurs are focusing their attention on Shaoguan, an ideal place with great development advantages and prospects. 以上內(nèi)容為跨考網(wǎng)整理的翻譯碩士考研知識點(diǎn)，如果同學(xué)還想獲得更多翻碩考研資料，可以關(guān)注跨考翻碩微信公眾平臺索取翻碩考研資料。加入我們的翻碩考研交流群還可獲得超強(qiáng)院校專業(yè)信息、每日打卡監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)、研究生學(xué)長答疑，不定期獎勵活動等。2017翻碩考研學(xué)生必備真題解析，答案，核心考點(diǎn)，想要的趕緊來加群翻碩考研交流群