上海9A Unit4 Computer 知識點和練習

9A Unit4 Computer 知識點和練習一基礎(chǔ)篇 （一） 核心單詞 1important a. 重要的 importance n. 重要性2necessary a. 必要的 need v. aux. 必須3happy a. 快樂的，幸福的 happily adv. 幸福地4planplanned，v. 計劃 plan n. 計劃5hide (hid, hidden) V. 隱藏6break (broke, broken) V. 打破，違犯 freeze (froze, frozen) V. 使結(jié)冰，使冷凍7calculator n. 計算器8operate v. 動手術(shù)How do you operate this new machine ? operation n.手術(shù)9electric a. 電的 electric light 電燈 electricity n. 電 electronic adj. 電子的10weigh v. 稱的重量weigh sth for sb.The watch weighs 0.45 kg.weight n. 重量11agree v. 同意 12. What does Joyce think of Sichuan food? 覺得怎么樣？- How does Joyce like Sichuan food?比較： What does the thief look like? 某人長什么樣？How does the thief look?13.taste n. 味道，味覺 taste v. 品嘗The dish tastes good.He tasted the dish and found it was quite tasty.14. copy n. . 副本，拷貝 v. 抄寫 a copy of the questions ；a copy of Shanghai Students Post I copied the text twice yesterday.15.history n. 歷史 historical adj. 歷史的16.develop v. 發(fā)展 development n.17.difficult a.困難的 difficulty n. 困難18.businessman n. 女商人 businesswoman n. 男商人busy a. 忙的 business n. 生意business hours / letters19. possible a. 可能的 impossible a.不可能的 possibly adv. 可能地20.like v. 喜歡 dislike v. 不喜歡21.honest a. 誠實的 honesty n. 誠實 dishonest a. 不誠實的22.length n. 長度 long a. 長的height n. 高度 high a. 高的weight n. 重量 wide a. 寬的，寬闊的23. mouse n. 老鼠 鼠標24. knowledge n. 知識 know v. 知道， 認識25. type n.類型 v. 打字26print v. 打印 印刷27judge n. 法官 v. 判斷 審判28thus adv. 如此；這樣；因而29.幾組反意詞fast - slow, high - low, heavy - light, flat - rough（二）詞組1. plan to do sth. 計劃做某事I plan to study abroad next year.(v.)2. operate on sb. 為某人開刀 3. give a computer instructions by putting a program into it.通過往計算機中輸入程序來給計算機指令 by doing sth 通過干。He decorated a Christmas tree by using a lot of coloured lights.他用很多彩燈來裝飾圣誕樹4.raise questions 提問, raise one hand 舉手raise a pet 養(yǎng)寵物, raise some money 酬錢, raise v. 舉起 提升；提出； 提高； 及物動詞 后接賓語 rise v. 上升 上漲； 增長；起立；不及物動詞 ，后不接賓語比較：The river rose two feet.The sun rises in the east.He rose early to do more reading.He rose to answer the question.5. be made of wood 用制成6. lose weight 減肥, put on weight 增肥7. agree with sb 同意某人8.so that 以便He got up early so that he could catch the school bus.-He got up early in order to catch the school bus.9. a number of +復數(shù)名詞 很多，一些（謂復）A number of people have seen this film.10.depand on 依靠 依賴 He has grown up. So he hasnt depended on his parents any longer.他已長大了，他不再依靠父母了mon knowledge 常識 It is common knowledge that the earth moves around the sun.地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)是常識。12.for these reasons由于這些原因13. the answer to the question 這個問題的答案 to 表示 “. 的”類似用法： the key to the door the solution to the problem 14. for the time being 暫時 眼下15.create new ideas 創(chuàng)造新思想16. have nothing to do 無所事事17. change our lives 改變我們的生活18. a human being 人類19. make a mistake 犯錯誤20.for example 例如（用作插入語）,后接句子：such as 例如（只加 sth 或 doing sth）后接單詞或詞組In many countries, Italy, for example, family life is much more important than here.People such as my sister get excited easily.21. in history 在歷史上（三） 英文解釋1depend on ：rely on ; need 依靠，依賴 Do not depend on your dictionary all the time.2for the time being ：at present; now ; 暫時 眼下 現(xiàn)在Ill let you keep the book for the time being, but you must return it to me next week.3for example 例如（用作插入語）：such as 例如（只加 sth 或 doing sth）In many countries, Italy, for example, family life is much more important than here.People such as my sister get excited easily.4. realize : come true 實現(xiàn)5.over: more than 超過6. be able to : can 能夠7. hardly ever: almost none 幾乎不練習1 We often call computers_ brains. (electricity)2 It is _that students should attend all the lectures.(importance)3 Would you like to buy me a packet of _food? ( freeze)4 I can use a word processor but I dont understand its_.( operate).5 Bananas are always sold by_.( weigh)6 He finds it _ to stop smoking.( difficulty)7 She looks _enough, you can believe her.(honesty)10. Yangzi River is about 6300 kilometers in_( long)11. Whats the _ of the mountain? (high)12. Could I have a word with you, if you are not too_. ( business)13. Come as quickly as_(possibly).14. My mother _seeing you with me because you are dishonest.( like)15. She will _be the greatest writer in the future. ( possible)16. The sun _ in the east and _ in the west. A .riseset B. raise set C. risessets D. raisessets17.She likes to play outside_ swimming in the river and climbing mountain, etc. A. for example B. so as C. such as D. so that18.In western countries, Children over 18 should depend on themselves. A. develop B. rely on C. live on D .spend 19. _visitors from home and abroad will visit Shanghai in 2010 . A. A number of B. The number of C. Huge amounts of D. An amount of20.She is seriously ill, doctors are preparing for operating_ her. A. in B. for C. at D. on二提高篇 1Unhappy a. 不幸的，不快樂的2plan to do sth : be going to do sth 計劃做某事3broken arm, frozen food , hidden helpers 4hardly ever : almost neverWe hardly ever get frost in Guangzhou.5 everywhere : here and there, in every partFootball is played everywhere in the world.6. be unaware of : be not knowing about 沒有意識到The student was unaware of his mistake.be aware of 意識到7common knowledge : something that is known by most people 常識It is common knowledge that the Japanese eat sushi.8calculate v. 計算 calculation n. 計算，考慮9rarely : not often ; seldom 很少地People rarely eat snake in England.Peter is rarely late, is he ?rarely, never, hardly, seldom, little, few 表示否定10the answer to this questionthe key to the doora visit to the factorythe ticket for the film11essential : very important , necessaryWater is essential to/for life.12hold each others hand 握手, hold ones breath 屏住呼吸 hold on a minute 稍等片刻 , hold a sports meeting 舉行一個校運會13hold sth v. : be filled by 容納This room can hold 100 people.14salesman n. 男銷售員 saleswoman n. 女銷售員15be made in 2001， be made in China be made from wood16dear / expensiveThe coat was $100. It seemed rather dear.Houses are very expensive in this area.dear 指價格比一般情況高，expensive 指超過購買者的能力17have a history of . Years 擁有. .年的歷史I like history.18The number of. .的數(shù)量 The number of the students in this school is 1200.三語法 形容詞的原級、比較級和最高級（1）本課出現(xiàn)的形容詞1.cheap _cheaper_ the cheapest, 2.fast_ faster_the fastest3. far_ farther_ farthestfar_ further_ furthestfurther 既可表示 farther 的有形距離的“較遠”，“更遠”。 也可表示“更多的”，“另一些”，“進一步的”等4. bad / ill - worse worst5.tasty - tastier - the tastiest6. beautiful _more beautiful _the most beautiful（2）考查重點中考試題對形容詞的考查涉及形容詞原級，比較級和最高級的各種句型、形容詞作定語的位置、易混淆的形容詞用法辨析等。其中，形容詞比較等級句型、形容詞修飾不定代詞something，anything，everything，nothing時的位置，易混淆的形容詞用法辨析等是考查的熱點。一、形容詞的一般用法1.作定語，一般放在所修飾詞的前面。例如，Its a cold and windy day.2.作表語，放在系動詞的后面。例如，He looks happy today.3.形容詞修飾something，anything，nothing，everything等復合不定代詞時，須放在其后。例如，Would you like something hot to drink？4.表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞，應放在相應的名詞之后。例如，How long is the river？ Its about two hundred metres long.5.只能作表語的形容詞：afraid害怕；alone獨自的；asleep睡著的；awake醒著的；alive活著的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的例如，The man is ill.（正）The ill man is my uncle.（誤）6.貌似副詞的形容詞：lonely獨自的；friendly友好的；lively生動的；lovely可愛的二、形容詞常用句型1.“Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么樣”。注意：這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞， kind（友善的），nice（友好的）， clever（聰明的），foolish（愚蠢的）等例如，Its very kind of you to help me.（=You are very kind to help me.）Its very rude of her to say such words.（=She is very rude to say such words.）Its foolish of him to go alone.（=He is foolish to go alone.）2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事對某人來說怎么樣”。注意：這一句型中常用的形容詞有important（重要的），necessary（必要的），difficult（困難的），easy（容易的），hard（艱難的），dangerous（危險的），safe（安全的），useful（有益的），pleasant（舒適的），interesting（有趣的），impossible（不可能的）等。例如，Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.（=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.）Its very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.（=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.）Its necessary for us to get to school on time.（=To get to school on time is necessary for us.）三形容詞的比較級、最高級 （一）規(guī)則變化1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級和most構(gòu)成最高級，例如， beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful（二）不規(guī)則變化（見考綱）一、原級的用法1.只能修飾原級的詞，very，quite，so，too例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。2.原級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)（1）“甲+be+ +as+形容詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”例如，Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆 凱特年齡一樣大。（2）“甲+be+ not+ as/so+形容詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙例如，This room is not as/so big as that one. 這個房間不如那個大。二、比較級的用法1. 可以修飾比較級的詞，much，a lot，far，的多a little，a bit，一點兒even甚至，still仍然例如，Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。Tom looks even younger than before.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。This train runs much faster than that one.這輛火車比那輛跑地快。She drives still more carefully than her husband.她開車仍然比她丈夫還認真。但注意many more 和 much more 的區(qū)別, many more 后接可數(shù)名詞,而much more 后 接不可數(shù)名詞2.比較級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)（1）“甲+be+形容詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙?guī)妆丁崩?，Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。（2）“甲+be+形容詞比較級+than +any other+單數(shù)名詞（+介詞短語）”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都”，含義是“甲最”。例如，The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.長江比中國的任何一條其他的河都長。=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.長江比中國的其他所有的河都長。=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.長江是中國最長的河流。注意：The Yangtze River is longer than any river in Japan.長江比日本的任何一條河都長。(3)“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越”。例如，He is getting taller and taller.他變得越來越高了。The flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作業(yè)越來越認真了。(4)“the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越，越”。例如，The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make.你越認真，犯的錯誤越少。(6)“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級，甲or乙？”例如，Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一個大，地球還是月球？“特殊疑問詞+實意動詞+副詞比較級，甲or乙？”例如，Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？誰畫得比較好，詹妮還是丹尼？3.最高級常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)(5)“主語+be+ the+形容詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“是中最的”。例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.湯姆是他們班上/所有學生當中最高的。This apple is the biggest of the five.這個蘋果是五個當中最大的。“主語+實意動詞+(the)+副詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“是中最的”。例如，I jump (the) farthest in my class.我是我們班跳得最遠的。(6)“主語+be+ one of the+形容詞最高級+復數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“是中最之一”。例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國最大城市之一。(7)“特殊疑問詞+be+ the+最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一個國家最大，中國，巴西還是加拿大？“特殊疑問詞+be+ the+副詞最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較例如，Which season do you like (the) best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜歡哪一個季節(jié)，春天，夏天還是秋天？形容詞練習1 I have _to do today.A. anything important B. something importantC. important nothing D. important something2 Is chemistry more difficult than physics？No，chemistry isnt as _as physics.A .easy B. difficult C. easier D. more difficult3.Beijing is becoming_ _ and_.A. more beautiful，more B. beautiful，beautifulC. more，more beautiful D .more beautiful，more beautiful4._ children there are in a family，_their life will be.A. The less，the better B. The fewer，the betterC .Fewer，richer D. More，poorer5.The experiment was _ easier than we had expected.A. more B .much more C. much D. more much6 Oct 15th was one of _ days in 2003.The Shenzhou-V was sent up successfully.A. exciting B. more exciting C .the most exciting D .much exciting7.I feel even_ now.A. bad B. well C. worse D. worst8.He is taller than_ in his class.A any boy B. any C .any other boy D. some other boys9. The car is running _.It seems to be flying.A. more and faster B. more and fast C. fast and fast D. faster and faster10.English is as _ as Chinese. You should learn it well.A. important B. more importantC. the most important D. much more important11. Music is not so useful as science. Its _ useful than science. A. fewer B. less C more D .a lot12.You must wear glasses. They can keep your eyes_. A. soft B. safe C. safely D. safety13.He is _ enough to carry the heavy box. A. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest14.The box is _ heavy for the girl_ carry. A. too，to B. to，too C. so，that D. no，to15.Do you have _ to tell us？ A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything16.Do you think the fish tastes_？ She cooked it_，I think. A good，good B well，good C well，well D good，wellI. Choice1. Is chemistry more difficult than physics？No，chemistry isnt as _as physics.A .easy B. difficult C. easier D. more difficult2.Beijing is becoming_ _ and_.A. more beautiful，more B. beautiful，beautifulC. more，more beautiful D .more beautiful，more beautiful3._ children there are in a family，_their life will be.A. The less，the better B. The fewer，the betterC .Fewer，richer D. More，poorer4.The experiment was _ easier than we had expected.A. more B .much more C. much D. more much5.I feel even_ now.A. bad B. well C. worse D. worst6. The car is running _.It seems to be flying.A. more and faster B. more and fastC. fast and fast D. faster and faster7.English is as _ as Chinese. You should learn it well.A. important B. more importantC. the most important D. much more important8. Music is not so useful as science. Its _ useful than science. A. fewer B. less C more D .a lot9.He is _ enough to carry the heavy box. A. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest10.The box is _ heavy for the girl_ carry. A. too，to B. to，too C. so，that D. no，to11.Do you think the fish tastes_？ She cooked it_，I think. A good，good B well，good C well，well D good，wellII.Translation1. Mary 和Kate的年齡一樣大。2. 這個房間不如那個大。3. 第一課比第二課容易得多。4. 湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。5. 這個街道比那個寬。10