中考分話題閱讀理解訓(xùn)練4周?chē)h(huán)境與人際關(guān)系.doc

Topic Four Personal Environments and Interpersonal Relationships周?chē)h(huán)境與人際關(guān)系 話說(shuō)中考 本話題是學(xué)生最為熟悉的話題，也是學(xué)生看來(lái)最為“得心應(yīng)手”的內(nèi)容。周?chē)h(huán)境與人際關(guān)系，主要是講述發(fā)生在身邊的事情，然而，越是熟悉的東西越是難點(diǎn)。有些內(nèi)容似乎合乎邏輯，但有時(shí)又違背常理。針對(duì)這類(lèi)型的話題，解題時(shí)要通讀全文，領(lǐng)略文章大意。 解題思路：在理解的基礎(chǔ)上，抓住題眼，找準(zhǔn)解題方法，進(jìn)行答題。 走進(jìn)中考(河北2010) Close your eyes for a minute and imagine what life would be like if you couldnt seeImagine having to read this page，not with your eyes but with your fingersHow do you feel，then? With medical knowledge and skills today，two-thirds of the worlds 42 million blind people should not have to suffer(受苦)Unluckily，rich countries have this knowledge，but developing countries do not ORBIS is an international charitable organization(慈善組織)Its goal is to help fight blindness all over the worldInside a DC-8 airplane，there is a teaching hospital with television room and classroomDoctors are taught the latest technology of helping the blind get sight again hereORBIS is always trying to keep a closer relation among countries ORBIS helps those developing countries by providing sight-saving trainingIt has taught over 35000 doctors and nursesThey continue to treat thousands of blind people every yearThey have travelled around the earth 3 times，visited 76 countries and treated over 20000 blind peopleThey need your help to continue their work and free people from blindness For just $38，you can help one person see，for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people，$1300 helps train a doctor new skills；and for $13000 you can provide a training program for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see againYour love can help them open their eyes to the world 1 題判斷正誤(“T”表示正確，“F”表示錯(cuò)誤)；2 題完成句子；3 4 題簡(jiǎn)略回答問(wèn)題；5 題將文中畫(huà)線句子譯成漢語(yǔ)。 ( ) 1Both rich and developing countries have the knowledge of helping blind people 2ORBIS goal is to _ 3How many doctors and nurses has ORBIS taught? _ 4What can you do for $380 according to passage? _ 5_ 解析 1F 由第二段最后一句“Unluckily，rich countries have this knowledge，but developing countries do not”可以判斷出此句的表述是錯(cuò)誤的。 2help fight blindness all over the world。由第三段第二句“Its goal is to help fight blindness.”可知正確答案。 3ItORBIS has taught over 35000 doctors and nursesOver 35000(doctors and nurses)由第四段第二句“It has taught over 35000 doctors and nurses”可知正確答案。 4WeI can bring sight to 10 peopleBring sight to 10 people由第五段第一句“. for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people”可知正確答案。 5你(你們)的愛(ài)能夠幫助他們重見(jiàn)光明。open ones eyes to sth為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“打開(kāi)某人的視野”，在本句中根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)譯為“重見(jiàn)光明”最正確。 話題專(zhuān)練一 MrJohn Heppell House of Common London AWIAOAA Monday，10th March，2009 Dear MrHeppell， Im Sabrina Akhtar studying in a high school and Ive noticed that forests are disappearing You know，forests are disappearing around the world each yearThis is because of many different reasons including farming，tourism(旅游業(yè)) pollution，etcIf we stop doing these things，there will be a good future for people of tomorrow Now Im writing to ask you to help stop forests from disappearingYou can help by getting shops to stop selling paper made from trees and changing to tree-free paper(paper not made from trees)This will keep forests from disappearingThere are many，many things we can do to help forestsIf you would like to know more，please visit http：/wwwRain-forestweb.orgBy changing the small things，we can make a big difference If you would like to contact(聯(lián)系) me，please see the above address or e-mail me at shazadinolhotmail.co.uk Thank you for spending your time in reading this letter Yours sincerely， Sabrina Akhtar 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。 ( ) 1The writer of this letter is _ Aa student Ba teacher Can officer Da driver ( ) 2_ is one of the reasons why the forests are disappearing ARain BTourism pollution CPlanting DBreathing ( ) 3The writer advises MrHeppell to _ Astop shops from using paper any more Buse paper which is made from trees Cstop shops selling paper made from trees Dplant more and more trees in the future ( ) 4How can MrHeppell contact the writer? ABy calling her BBy interviewing her CBy visiting her DBy e-mailing her ( ) 5Whats the purpose of this letter? ATo know more about MrHeppell BTo make more about MrHeppell CTo ask MrHeppell to teach in the schoolDTo ask MrHeppell to help protect forests答案： 1A 根據(jù)書(shū)信內(nèi)容的第一句話可知，作者是一名學(xué)生，所以選 A。 2B 根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，森林減少的原因是一些污染造成的，所以選 B。 3C 根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，減少商店出售由樹(shù)木造成的紙，用來(lái)減少污染，所以選 C。 4D 根據(jù)書(shū)信中的提示可知，如果想聯(lián)系作者，可以發(fā)送電子郵件，所以選 D。 5D 根據(jù)書(shū)信內(nèi)容可知，作者寫(xiě)信的目的是讓 Mr.Heppell 幫助他保護(hù)森林。二 My son，Owen，was angry on holiday with my dadOn the way back to the airport，they stopped at a hotel for the nightThey didnt notice that Puppy，my sons pet dog，was lost until the next night when Owen was going to bedOwen has autism(孤獨(dú)癥)，and he cannot sleep without Puppy My dad called the hotel to see if Puppy was thereIn fact，someone there had found Puppy and the hotel mailed Puppy to my dadThey hoped that it would reach my son before the flight homeBut Puppy didnt make it，and Owen had to go home with my dad aloneThe flight home was filled with kind peopleA lady saw Owen was upset about Puppy，so she went and bought another dog for him I can never thank the hotel enough for sending Puppy back when they did not have to，or the lady at the airport who made Owen feel a little safer Owen never forgot about Puppys trip，so when he got two tickets to a basketball game，he decided to give them to two friendsThey were basketball fans and they were going to watch the game outsideOwen told me that Puppy would have never come home if people had not been nice，so he wanted to be nice to others Owen opens doors for others，and he is always giving his old toys away to kids who dont have anyEvery time he does that，his face lights up with pride 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。 ( ) 1What was lost on Owens way back home? AOwen BHis toy CHis pet dog DHis grandpas pet ( ) 2Whom did the grandfather go home with? AOwen BOwen and another dog CPuppy DAnother dog ( ) 3Who got two tickets to a basketball game and watched the game? AOwen BOwens grandfather CThe lady DOwens two friends ( ) 4According to the passage，how many dogs do Owen have now? AOne BTwo CThree DFour ( ) 5According to the passage，what do you think of Owen now? AHe still has autism BHe is kind and helpful CI dont knowDHe never helps others答案： 1C 根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，Owen 在回家的路上，把他的寵物 Puppy 弄丟了，所以選 C。 2B 根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，Owen 和爺爺在機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，一位好心的女士給 Owen 買(mǎi)了一條狗，所以可以推斷爺爺帶著 Owen 和那條狗一起回家的，所以選 B。 3D 根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，Owen 把這兩張票給他的朋友了，所以選 D。 4B 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可知，Owen 的寵物 Puppy 也回家了，所以可以推斷他現(xiàn)在有兩條狗，即選 B。 5B 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可以確定，現(xiàn)在的 Owen 即有朋友，又有愛(ài)心，可以確定他不再是個(gè)孤僻的孩子，所以選 B。三 My grandfather is eighty years oldHe always complains(抱怨) about how fast things have changed He often says that families arent the families they used to beA lot of families have broken up(破裂)If husband and wife have problems with their marriage，they will no longer stay togetherAnd mothers used to stay at home to take care of their children，but now theyre busy workingThey have no time to look after children at homeWhats more，more and more people driveWe used to walk five miles to school every day，even in winterBut now children dontAnd in school，children dont have to think more as we used toIn math class，for example，we used to add(加)，subtract(減)，multiply(乘) and divide(除) using our headsBut now most students use calculatorsMost families have computers nowIn the past，we didnt have computersWe even had no lightsMy mother used to spend all day cooking in the kitchenBut now few people eat home-cooked foodAnd people seldom talk to each otherThey are too busy to talk，too busy to eat，too busy to think. Life used to be simple，but it isnt any more 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。 ( ) 1What does the writers grandfather think of the life now? AHe thinks the life now is very good Bhe thinks the life now is worse than it used to be Che thinks the life is the same as it used to be Dhe thinks people now are much busier than they used to be ( ) 2What does the underlined word "calculator" mean in Chinese? A電腦 B計(jì)算器 C收音機(jī) D播放器 ( ) 3What has happened to the children according to the passage? AChildren dont have to think more in school BStudents use calculators in math class CChildren used to walk to school，but now they dont DAll the above ( ) 4What changes have happened to some families? There are lights at home People like to eat home-cooked food Lots of families have computers Lots of couples(夫婦) dont live together because of unhappy problems A B C D ( ) 5Which of the following is true? ALife now is much simpler BPeople have too much time to talk with each other now CThe writers grandfather only complains and pays no attention to better life nowDLots of mothers stay at home and look after their children now答案： 1D 由最后一句中 They are too busy to talk，too busy to eat，too busy to think.可知。 2B 根據(jù)短文中講到在數(shù)學(xué)課上，過(guò)去我們用頭腦來(lái)計(jì)算加減乘除，而現(xiàn)在用計(jì)算器，所以可以確定是 B。 3D 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可以知道，學(xué)生現(xiàn)在上學(xué)不用走著去；數(shù)學(xué)課可以使用計(jì)算器；學(xué)生不再像以前的孩子那樣考慮太多的問(wèn)題，所以選 D。 4D 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可以確定現(xiàn)在的家庭，都有電燈，有的家庭還有電腦；由于工作忙很多家庭都不做飯；可見(jiàn)該題選 D。 5C 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可以確定，現(xiàn)在生活節(jié)奏快，但是不簡(jiǎn)單，排除 A；由于工作忙，所以人們沒(méi)有太多時(shí)間聊天，排除 B；現(xiàn)在的媽媽很多都忙于工作，無(wú)法照顧孩子，不再是全職媽媽了，也排除 D；只有作者的爺爺只會(huì)抱怨，沒(méi)有注意到現(xiàn)在生活的好處，是符合題意的，所以選 C。四 How to Choose Colors to Set a Mood Step 1 Use bright colors such as apple green to express a feeling of warmth in a bedroomThese colors can warm a cool room that has little sunshine Step 2 If you want to bring about a happy mood in the kitchen，you should choose yellow to add cheerIt can lift your feelings in a kitchen or a laundry room Step 3 Think about red when you want to have an active environment，perhaps in a studying room Step 4 Have cool colors such as green，sky blue around you in a quiet environment，for example，in a bedroomThese colors can cool a room，so theyre best used when theres plenty of sunlight to balance the coolness Step 5 Dont think about dark colors where you want to restThink about colors such as light gray as they provide a restful influenceThey work well in a library or a family room step 6 Set a young，playful mood with red，yellow or blueTheyre great in play-rooms Step 7 Paint walls with dark，rich colors such as brick red，deep gray or blue to set a sophisticated tone(高雅的格調(diào))These deep colors are perfect for a dining or living room Step 8 Dont use bright white as much as possibleIt makes a room look like a doctors roomIn most environments，white with a bit of another color is more comfortable 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。 ( ) 1The article is written to explain _ Ahow to make different rooms more comfortable with suitable colors Bhow to make your rooms more beautiful Chow to make your rooms more comfortable Dhow to make your family look like a garden ( ) 2We should choose _ when theres plenty of sunlight in a room Awarm colors to make a balance Bcool colors to make a balance Cyellow to make a balance Dred to make a balance ( ) 3Choose yellow in the kitchen in order to _ Aadd some interest Bmake it more beautiful Cadd some cheer Dmake it more comfortable ( ) 4Paint your room _ if you want to be active Ared Bgray Cdark Dwhite ( ) 5If you want to give your living room a sophisticated tone，you should paint the walls with _ Agreen colors Byellow colors Cred colorsDdark colors答案： 1A 根據(jù) How to Choose Colors to Set a Mood 可以知道根據(jù)場(chǎng)所可以選擇合適的顏色，使其更舒服，更美觀，所以選 A。 2B 根據(jù) Step 4 可知，在光線充足的房間，應(yīng)該選擇冷色來(lái)保持平衡，所以選 B。 3C 根據(jù) Step 2 可知，在廚房里涂上黃色，可以給你帶來(lái)快樂(lè)的情緒，所以選 add some cheer。 4A 根據(jù) Step 6 可知，如果想使房間充滿(mǎn)活力，最好是用紅色，所以選 A。 5D 由 Step 7 可知，如想讓客廳有高雅的格調(diào)，最好用暗色調(diào)的顏色，即選 D。五 Young people and older people do not always agreeThey sometimes have different ideas about living，working and playingBut in one special program in New York State，adults and teenagers live together in a friendly way Each summer 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work groupEveryone works several hours each dayThey do so not just to keep busy but to find meaning and fun in workSome teenagers work in the forests or on the farms near the villageSome learn to make things like tables and chairs and to build housesThe adults teach them these skills There are several free hours each dayWeekends are free，tooDuring the free hours some of the teenagers learn photo-taking or drawingOthers sit around and talk or singEach teenager chooses his own way to pass his free time When people live together，they should have rulesIn this program the teenagers and the adults make the rules togetherIf someone breaks a rule，the problem goes before the whole groupThey talk about it and ask，"Why did it happen? What should we do about it?" One of the teenagers has said something about it，"You have to stop thinking only about yourselfYou learn how to think about the group" 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。 ( ) 1In one special program in New York State，young and older people _ Adont work well together Bare friendly to each other Cteach each other new ways of building houses Dspend eight weeks together，working as farmers ( ) 2All the members work some time every day mainly to _ Alead a busy life Blearn new skills of farming Cget used to the life on the farms Dfind useful things and pleasure in work ( ) 3Living together，_ Athe teenagers dont have to obey the rules Bthe members have to obey the rules the adults make Cthe members have no free time but on weekends Dthe members should not break the rules they make together ( ) 4The best title for the passage is _ AThe Rules of Living Together BLife in New York State CTeenagers and Adults Together DFree Hours in the Special Work Group ( ) 5What should we learn from the article? AWe should only think about our parents BWe should think ourselves more than others CWe should think about others more than ourselvesDWe should learn to organize a special work group like them，too答案： 1B 根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，在紐約年輕人和老年人之間能友好地相處，所以選 B。 2D 根據(jù)“Everyone works several hours each dayThey do so not just to keep busy but to find meaning and fun in work”可以確定答案是 D。 3D 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，群體成員都要遵守群體規(guī)則，所以選 D。 4A 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可以確定這篇文章的題目為共同生活的原則，其他三個(gè)都有片面性，一個(gè)是講紐約州的生活；一個(gè)是講年輕人和老年人；另一個(gè)是講紐約州的自由群體，所以選 A。 5C 根據(jù)這篇文章我們可以從中學(xué)到生活中要友好待人，所以選 C。六 Once upon a time，there was a garden in the villageIts owner was an old manHe had been away for several years to visit his friendsIt was a large lovely garden with soft green grass and beautiful flowersWhile the old man was away，some children came to play in the garden every afternoonThe birds in the garden sang so sweetly that the children used to stop their games to listen to themFor them，the time they spent there was the happiest they had ever had One day the old man came backWhen he saw the children playing in his garden，he was very angry"What are you doing here?" he shouted"Nobody but myself is allowed to play in my garden" The children were terrified and ran away Then spring came，but it was still winter in the old mans gardenThere were blossoms(花) and birds all over the village，except in the gardenThe birds didnt like singing in his garden，since there were no children "Why is spring arriving so late this year?" the old man thought"How pretty it would be if it were spring now!" One morning，the old man was woken up by some soundsHe heard birds singing and children laughingWhen he opened the window，he saw the birds sitting in the trees and the children running about happily"Im sure spring has comeWhat Im seeing is the most spellbinding scene(場(chǎng)景) I have ever seen，and the sounds which Im hearing are the most beautiful in the world，" said the old man 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。 ( ) 1When the children were enjoying themselves in the garden，the old man _ Awas happy to watch them Bwas away to visit his friends Cpretended that he didnt see them Dwas angry but didnt drive them off ( ) 2What did the children think the old man was like? AKind BCreative COutgoing DTerrible ( ) 3What does the underlined sentence "Then spring came，but it was still winter in the old mans garden" mean? ASpring didnt arrive at the old mans garden BThe old man hoped it would always be winter in his garden CThere was no sign(跡象) of the arrival of spring in the old mans garden DThe weather in the old mans garden was different from that in the other parts of the village ( ) 4The underlined word "spellbinding" in the passage means "_" in Chinese A迷人的 B無(wú)聊的 C普通的 D丑陋的 ( ) 5Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? AThe old mans garden was small but pretty BThe old man didnt like the birds in his garden CThe old man was anxious for a peaceful lifeDThe birds and the children made the old mans garden full of life again答案： 1B 根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，老人去拜訪朋友的這段時(shí)間，成了孩子們?cè)诨▓@里最快樂(lè)的時(shí)光，所以選 B。 2D 根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，老人不友好，很可怕，所以選 D。 3C 根據(jù)下文可知，花園中的花兒沒(méi)有開(kāi)放，鳥(niǎo)兒也不來(lái)做客，所以確定選 C。 4A 根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，花園中鳥(niǎo)兒在叫，孩子們?cè)阪覒颍禾靵?lái)了，可以確定是一片迷人的景象，所以選 A。 5D 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可以確定是孩子和鳥(niǎo)兒讓他的花園充滿(mǎn)活力，所以選 D。七 A few minutes ago，walking back from lunch，I started to cross the street when I heard the sound of a coin droppingAs I turned，my eyes caught the heads of several other people turning，too The sound of a coin dropping on the ground is an attention-getterWhatever the coin is，no one ignores(忽視) the sound of itIt got me thinking about sounds again We are circled by so many sounds that attract the most attentionPeople in New York City seldom turn to look when a police car comes ringing along the street When Im in New York，Im a New YorkerI dont turn either At home in my little town in Connecticut(康涅狄格州)，its differentThe distant ringing of a police car brings me to my feet if Im in bed Its the quietest sounds that the most effect on us，not the loudestIn the middle of the night，I can hear a dripping tap a hundred yards away though three closed doorsHow come I never hear the sounds in the daytime? Im quite clear in my mind what the good sounds are and what the bad sounds are Ive turned against whistling(吹口哨)，for instanceI used to think of it as the mark of a happy workerBut lately，Ive been connecting(聯(lián)系) the whistler with a nervous person making noises The tapping(輕敲) of my typewriter as the keys hit the paper is a lovely sound to meI often like the sound of what I write better than the looks of itBut whatever sounds there will be，and whether we love them or not，we cant break away from them in our life 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。 ( ) 1The sound of a coin dropping makes people _ Athi