語法專題3 定語從句(Ivan Fang)

定語從句 HUANGGANG FOREIGN LANGUAGES SCHOOL WANG JIYUAN定語從句（ATTRIBUTIVE CLAUSES）： 一個名詞或代詞的定語是一個句子，這個句子就是一個定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞是先行詞。定語從句通常出現在先行詞之后，由關系代詞或關系副詞引導。一一 定語從句的基本用法定語從句的基本用法用五種方式（定語從句）翻譯句子這是他工作的工廠。1. This is the factory where he works.2. This is the factory in which he works.3. This is the factory which he works in.4. This is the factory that he works in.5. This is the factory x he works in.定語從句類型關系詞 主格 賓格 所有格 限制性定語從句關系代詞 who, that, whichwhom, which,that whose 非限制性定語從句關系代詞 who, whichwhom, which whose 類型 限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句 作用 修飾先行詞 補充說明先行詞 形式不用逗號隔開 用逗號隔開 先行詞 意義不完整 意義完整 關系詞 1)賓語可省略2)可用that，why 1)不可以省略2)不用that, why 翻譯 譯成一個定語 通常譯成并列句 1. Her sister has become a lawyer, _ she wanted to be. (05 湖北) A. who B. that C. what D. which Her sister is a lawyer.What is her sister?2. Chaplin, for_ life had been very hard, directed a film about the life of American workers with the name “Modern Times”. A. whose B. whomC. which D. that1) Life had been very hard for him?2) For his life had been very hard? 二關系代詞與關系副詞的比較二關系代詞與關系副詞的比較1. Do you have anything to say for yourselves? Yes, there is one point _ we must insist on. （06 江西） A. why B. where C. how D. X2. After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she needed to decide what to do. (07 江西) A. that B. what C. which D. where3. The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago. (07 天津) A. when B. which C. that D. where 4. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. (05 上海 ) A. that B. which C. when D. where5. Today, well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. (07 陜西) A. which B. as C. why D. where 6. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. （02 春招） A. that B. while C. which D. whenFocus in：方法一方法一：句子成份法：關系代詞在句中充當主語、賓語、定語；關系副詞在從句中作狀語。方法二方法二：句子完整法：關系代詞引導的定語從句不完整；關系副詞引導的定語從句是完整的。三定語從句與其它從句的比較三定語從句與其它從句的比較1. He is such a good teacher _ all of us like him. A. whoB. that C. as D. which Focus in：狀語從句是一個完整的句子。2.It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park.A. thatB. whichC. as D. itFocus in： as具有“正如一樣、像一樣”的語義; 翻譯時有時可不必譯出。不表達消極的含義。 3. _ is reported that talks between the two countries are making progress. A. itB. As C. That D. What 1)_ is reported, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. itB. AsC. That D. What2) _ is reported is that talks between the two countries are making progress. A. itB. AsC. That D. WhatFocus in： which只能放在主句后面，而as引導的從句位置相對較靈活，可句前、句中和句尾。As we know, air is a gas. （句前） Air, as we know, is a gas.（句中） Air is a gas, as we know. (句尾) He came late again, which made his boss angry.（句尾） 4. Do you know the _ he dealt with the problem? A. approachesB. means C. methods D. ways 1) Do you know the approaches with which he dealt with the problem?2) Do you know the means by which he dealt with the problem?3) Do you know the methods with which he dealt with the problem?4) Do you know the ways that/in which/ X he dealt with the problem?5. Is this school _ you visited last year? A. where B. what C. which D. that 1). Is this school_ you visited last year? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one2). Is this the school_ you visited last year? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one3) Is this the school_ you studied last year? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one6. Put the book _. A. which it belonged B. where it belonged C. which it belonged to D. where it belonged toGo back to the place which you belonged to.= Go back where you belonged. 7. 這是這是1989年我父親建的、年我父親建的、2001年年被燒掉的、又在被燒掉的、又在2003從建的房子。從建的房子。This is the house that my father built in 1989, was burned down in 2001 and rebuilt in 2003. 8. Instead, she has decided to use _ （她有的、剩余的、有限的時間）to help others. (leave)the limited time she has left 9. Instead, she has decided to use the limited time she has _ to help others.A. gone B. owned C. left D. valuedThank you all!