備戰(zhàn)2018年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 書(shū)面表達(dá)?？妓夭乃儆?話題08 熱點(diǎn)話題（含解析）

熱點(diǎn)話題熱點(diǎn)話題和社會(huì)主要涉及與人的生活及社會(huì)發(fā)展方面的潮流趨勢(shì)以及影響巨大的突發(fā)事件。潮流趨勢(shì)往往是社會(huì)發(fā)展的必然，然而在其發(fā)展過(guò)程中必然會(huì)引起一些爭(zhēng)論，所以此類(lèi)話題一般會(huì)要求考生：從現(xiàn)象入手，分析其成因，優(yōu)點(diǎn)與不足 自己的觀點(diǎn)或提出建議?？忌趯?xiě)此類(lèi)文章時(shí)， 應(yīng)該對(duì)文章有很強(qiáng)的整體把握能力和分析問(wèn)題解決問(wèn)題的能力， 同時(shí)合理調(diào)動(dòng)和利用在生活中所積累的有關(guān)知識(shí)提出有建設(shè)性的意見(jiàn)。作文包含四個(gè)部分：現(xiàn)象成因優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)觀點(diǎn)。各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)之間要注意邏輯，銜接和應(yīng)用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡句。、命題者可能從以下角度出題：1. Traffic and Protecting Environment(交通與環(huán)保)；2. The Popular Science Knowledge and Science Technology(科普知識(shí)與科學(xué)技術(shù))；3. Reduce Pressure(減壓)；4. Shopping(購(gòu)物) 人們的生活節(jié)奏越來(lái)越快，網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物已經(jīng)成為了大眾生活中不可缺少的一部分；5. Travelling(旅游) 現(xiàn)代人的生活壓力都很大，所以人們喜歡通過(guò)旅游來(lái)緩解壓力；6. Network(網(wǎng)絡(luò))現(xiàn)在很多，讓學(xué)生正反兩個(gè)方面談?wù)撘幌略跇I(yè)余時(shí)間該不該上網(wǎng)， 并說(shuō)出原因；7. Safety awareness（安全意識(shí)）為了進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)中學(xué)生的安全意識(shí)，提高自我保護(hù)能力；8. Save Food and Eat Healthily(節(jié)約食物與健康飲食 )目前，我國(guó)政府號(hào)召全民“拒絕浪費(fèi)，文明用餐”；9. Nature(自然)在我們身邊，經(jīng)常有自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生。一.話題常用單詞1. brand品牌2. economy經(jīng)濟(jì)3. democracy民主4. hurricane颶風(fēng) 5. earthquake地震6. flood洪水7. typhoon臺(tái)風(fēng)8. volcano火山9. afford 負(fù)擔(dān)得起10. subprime crisis次貸危機(jī)11. apply申請(qǐng)12. fashion時(shí)尚13. in debt欠債 14. cash wireless無(wú)線15. household appliance家用電器16. surf the Internet上網(wǎng)17. achievements of China中國(guó)的成就18. natural disaster自然災(zāi)害19. flu (influenza)流感20. financial crisis經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)21. credit card信用卡22. Beijing Olympics北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)23. IT (information technology )信息科技24. pollution污染25. global warming全球變暖26. Korean wave/trend韓流27. private cars私家車(chē)28. TV shopping電視購(gòu)物29. influence影響30. the reform and opening-up policy改革開(kāi)放政策二.話題常用短語(yǔ)1.express service快遞服務(wù)2. online payment網(wǎng)絡(luò)支付3. scientific invention科學(xué)發(fā)明4. double-edged sword雙刃劍5. energy crisis能源危機(jī)6. unprecedented前所未有的7. aggravate使惡化8. technical innovation科技創(chuàng)新9. antithetical與背道而馳的10. exhaust gas廢氣11. potential hazards潛在危險(xiǎn)12. scientific exploration科學(xué)探索13. milestone里程碑14. speedy and comfortable快捷舒適 15.convenient and efficient方便快捷16. promote relative industries促進(jìn)相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展 17. a sense of national pride民族自豪感18. pose a threat to對(duì) 有威脅19. collect / impose / levy tax 增稅20. means of transportation交通手段21. environment-friendly resources 環(huán)保資源22.green energy環(huán)保能源23. human civilization人類(lèi)文明24.mainstream culture主流文化25. local customs and practices風(fēng)土人情 26. carry forward 繼承，發(fā)揚(yáng) 27. artistic reflection藝術(shù)反映28. artistic standards藝術(shù)水準(zhǔn)29. cultural diversity文化多元化30. place of interest名勝 31. spiritual civilization精神文明 32. national identity and value民族特性和價(jià)值觀33. be closely interrelated with與有密切關(guān)系34. cross-cultural communication跨文化交流35. achievements of art藝術(shù)成就36. preserve the cultural relics保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)37.settle down effective laws制定出積極有效的法律38. impose restrictions on 對(duì)實(shí)施限制39. popularization of cars汽車(chē)普及40. observe (break) traffic regulations遵守 (違反) 交通規(guī)則41. get stuck in traffic遇上堵車(chē) （get stuck in a traffic jam） 42. rush hour上下班高峰時(shí)段 43. ease the traffic pressure緩解交通壓力44. pedestrian行人 45. pavement人行道 46. zebra crossing斑馬線47. overspeed超速行駛48. speed limits限速49. make full use of 充分利用50. road networks公路網(wǎng)51. bottleneck瓶頸52. automobile industry汽車(chē)工業(yè)53. pollution-free fuel無(wú)污染燃料54. pay a heavy price付出慘痛的代價(jià)55. settle down effective laws 制定出積極有效的法律 56. enhance the quality of life提高生活質(zhì)量57. make rapid progress取得快速的進(jìn)步58. see dramatic breakthroughs取得突破性進(jìn)展59. give a great push to the economic growth促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展60. earth-shaking changes翻天覆地的改變61. pave the way for the future development 為未來(lái)的發(fā)展鋪平道路62. lay a solid foundation for為 打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)63. depletion of resources能源消耗64. boost / promote the economic development極大地推動(dòng)了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展65. make peoples life easier (more convenient) 使人們生活更便捷三、參考語(yǔ)句 話題常用句型1. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.應(yīng)該采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧┫拗仆鈬?guó)旅游者的數(shù)量，努力保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境和歷史不受?chē)?guó)際旅游業(yè)的不利影響。2 An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. 越來(lái)越多的專(zhuān)家相信移民對(duì)城市的建設(shè)起到積極作用。3.However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and drug.然而，越來(lái)越多的城市居民卻懷疑這種說(shuō)法，他們抱怨民工給城市帶來(lái)了許多嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，像犯罪和吸毒。4. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.許多市民抱怨城市的公交車(chē)太少，以至于他們要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間等一輛公交車(chē)，而車(chē)上可能已滿載乘客。5. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.無(wú)可否認(rèn)，空氣污染是一個(gè)極其嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題：城市當(dāng)局應(yīng)該采取有力措施來(lái)解決它。6. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示婦女歡迎退休。7. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.依照最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，每年有4 000 000人死于與吸煙有關(guān)的疾病。8. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.任何政府忽視這一點(diǎn)都將付出巨大的代價(jià)。9. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.考慮到問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性，在事態(tài)進(jìn)一步惡化之前，必須采取有效的措施。10. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯，現(xiàn)在有成千上萬(wàn)的人仍過(guò)著挨餓受凍的痛苦生活。11. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.在過(guò)去的幾十年，先進(jìn)的醫(yī)療技術(shù)已經(jīng)使得人們比過(guò)去活得時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)成為可能。12. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.事實(shí)上，我們必須承認(rèn)生命的質(zhì)量和生命本身一樣重要。13. This is a matter of life and deatha matter no country can afford to ignore.這是一個(gè)關(guān)系到生死的問(wèn)題，任何國(guó)家都不能忽視。14. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.這一觀點(diǎn)正受到越來(lái)越多的人的質(zhì)疑。15. Environmental experts point out that the increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.環(huán)境學(xué)家指出：持續(xù)增加的污染不僅會(huì)導(dǎo)致像全球變暖這樣嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，而且還將威脅到人類(lèi)在這個(gè)星球的生存。16. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.盡管自行車(chē)有許多明顯的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，它仍然存在一些問(wèn)題。17. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.通過(guò)以上討論，我們可以得出結(jié)論：自行車(chē)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于缺點(diǎn)，并且在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)它仍將發(fā)揮重要作用。18. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. 現(xiàn)在，越來(lái)越多的人們開(kāi)始抱怨工作比以前更有壓力。19.Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.許多專(zhuān)家指出這是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果，無(wú)法避免。20. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.沒(méi)有一項(xiàng)發(fā)明像互聯(lián)網(wǎng)一樣同時(shí)受到如此多的贊揚(yáng)和批評(píng)。【典例01】假定你是中學(xué)生李華。在一位名叫Tiger Mom的學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)的博客上，你看到如下內(nèi)容。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)博客內(nèi)容、寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)和要求，給這位家長(zhǎng)回復(fù)。Im the mother of a fourteen-year-old. I have a rule for my daughter: be among the top 5 students or get punished in one way or another. She has been doing very well in school, but some friends of mine keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her. Am I wrong?寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)：1.表明自己的看法；2.陳述自己的理由（可舉例說(shuō)明）；3.提出至少兩條建議。_而言應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，人稱(chēng)使用第一人稱(chēng)。注意使用高級(jí)詞匯和句式，以增加文章的亮點(diǎn)。【范文賞析】Hi, Tiger Mom，What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China. My idea is that it is not quite right for you to do so. Although high grades are an important factor in evaluating students and for their future university admission, development in wisdom, emotion, health and life attitude should never be ignored. There are many examples around us .Some all-A students in school have turned out not to be as successful in society as they were expected. The reason is often that the pressure from their parents allows them almost no time for other activities .Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.So I suggest that you take your friends advice. More importantly, let her live like a lovely girl ; let her have more friends and social activities ; and let her make takes of her own as we teenagers often do.【典例02】假如你是一名大學(xué)生叫李華，請(qǐng)就大學(xué)就業(yè)問(wèn)題，從大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的心態(tài)、就業(yè)形勢(shì)以及就業(yè)前景幾個(gè)方面，針對(duì)近年來(lái)大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)情況給報(bào)社寫(xiě)一封120字左右的信件談?wù)勀愕目捶āＲc(diǎn)如下：1. 學(xué)生心態(tài) 向往城市，不愿下鄉(xiāng)；2. 就業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 城市人才過(guò)剩；農(nóng)村渴求人才；3. 就業(yè)前景 農(nóng)村天地廣闊，可施展才華。_【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】增加文章的亮點(diǎn)。還要適當(dāng)使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞使文章更加連貫。【范文賞析】Dear editor,I am writing to you to talk about taking up occupations for college graduates.Nowadays many graduates are looking forward to obtaining employment in big cities, unwilling to work in the countryside. So it is difficult for them to find proper jobs.As a matter of fact, there are not enough opportunities to satisfy most of the hunters in big cities while in the countryside talented people are badly needed and a lot of posts are waiting for us. Rural areas are a vast world, where you can put your abilities to good use and youll be able to make greater contributions to the building of new countryside.Therefore, as college students we should have the right attitude towards ourselves and the job. I believe we can have as bright a future in the countryside as we have in the city.Yours，Li Hua【典例03】（2016湖北七校聯(lián)考）假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Peter給你來(lái)信，想向你了解有關(guān)酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心神州十一號(hào)升空的情況。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一封100詞左右的回信，向他介紹情況。要點(diǎn)： 1. 發(fā)射時(shí)間：2016年10月17日；2.運(yùn)載兩名航天員：景海鵬和陳冬；3.飛行時(shí)間：33天；4.飛行任務(wù)：與天宮二號(hào)完成對(duì)接；開(kāi)展有關(guān)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn);5.你的感受。注意： 1. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：神州十一號(hào) Shenzhou manned spacecraft; 發(fā)射launch;天宮二號(hào) Tiangong space laboratory; 對(duì)接dock withDear Peter,How are things going? Im more than pleased to learn you are interested in what has happened recently in Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center._Best wishes! Yours,Li Hua【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】【范文賞析】Dear Peter, How are things going? Im more than pleased to learn you are interested in what has happened recently in Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. Now I will tell you something detailed about it. After years preparations, the Shenzhou manned spacecraft, carrying two male astronauts, Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong, was launched into space on Oct.17, 2016. The mission, which will last 33 days, aims to dock with the TiangongSpace Laboratory, where a series of scientific experiments are to be conducted. The two astronauts will work and live in the lab for a month, making it Chinas longest space stay ever. You cant imagine how excited I was for it means much to us. The milestone success lays a strong foundation for Chinas future exploration and more importantly, it will open a new chapter for Chinas space industry. Best wishes.Yours,Li Hua（1）前不久，中央電視臺(tái)報(bào)道了貴州十歲男孩獨(dú)自照顧重病媽媽的故事，引起社會(huì)極大反響。假如你是某校高三學(xué)生李華，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)向某英語(yǔ)報(bào)社寫(xiě)一封信。1、呼吁社會(huì)愛(ài)心捐助；2、學(xué)會(huì)感恩；3、結(jié)合實(shí)際談?wù)勀愕目捶?。注意?、信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不記入總詞數(shù)；2、可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；詞數(shù)120個(gè)左右。Dear editor , Im a student of Senior Three. Not long ago, from CCTV, I learned that a ten-year-old boy in Guizhou was taking care of his seriously sick mother in hospital alone, by which I was deeply moved ._Yours sincerely ,Li Hua【范文】Dear editor , Im a student of Senior Three. Not long ago, from CCTV, I learned that a ten-year-old boy in Guizhou was taking care of his seriously sick mother in hospital alone, by which I was deeply moved .China is a great country and Chinese people think highly of traditional virtues. It is what the child did for his mother that sets us students a good example. First, something should be done for the little boy and his family. We appeal to the whole society to donate money or do something else to help them out of the difficulty. Second, our schools should help to develop the spirit of being grateful to the society, teachers as well as parents. Last but not least, our government should continue, To improve the medical insurance system, especially to support those who are badly in need of medical care.As students, not only should we work hard at our lessons, but we should be helpful, bear gratitude in mind and overcome difficulties bravely and wisely.Yours sincerely ,Li Hua起來(lái)很有條理，也很流暢。本篇文章在寫(xiě)作時(shí)不要啰嗦，力求簡(jiǎn)潔?！玖咙c(diǎn)說(shuō)明】所給范文語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔，應(yīng)用了一些較好的詞組和句子： think highly of 高度評(píng)價(jià)，in need of需要，bear sth. in mind記住， It is what the child did for his mother that sets us students a good example. 這句話用了主語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句， appeal to sb. to do sth呼吁某人做.，as well as 不但而且， To improve the medical insurance system, especially to support those who are badly in need of medical care.這句話用了定語(yǔ)從句， not only should we work hard at our lessons, but we should be helpful, bear gratitude in mind and overcome difficulties bravely and wisely.這句話用了倒裝句，還有文章使用了 First, Second, Last but not least這樣的關(guān)聯(lián)詞使文章更連貫。（2）近來(lái)我國(guó)多地霧霾天氣不斷增多，極大地影響了人們的健康與生活。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)提示，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇文章，向某英語(yǔ)報(bào)社投稿。 提示：1. 實(shí)況描述2. 對(duì)生活造成的影響3. 分析霧霾形成的原因4. 提出治理污染的建議。注意：1. 上下文連貫，行文流暢。 2. 詞數(shù)100-120 (首句已給出，并不計(jì)入詞數(shù))。霧霾天氣the hazy weather 口罩 mask Dear Editor,Recently many places in China were blanketed with thick fog. _ Yours, Li Hua reducing the number of cars in the streets . Besides , some factories which cause pollution should be closed down . Whats more , we have to do more to raise peoples awareness of environmental protection .Only in this way can we expect to have more sunny days . zxx￥kBest regards, Yours， Li Hua【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】這是一篇提綱類(lèi)書(shū)面表達(dá)，文章的要點(diǎn)也基本上都給出來(lái)了，而且很具體，考生要把要點(diǎn)解釋清楚，不能有遺漏。除了表達(dá)這些要點(diǎn)以外，還要給出自己的建議，這就要求考生自己拓展發(fā)揮，在寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中，要注意使用高級(jí)詞匯和高級(jí)句型，如強(qiáng)調(diào)句，倒裝句等，讓文章更上檔次。同時(shí)在列舉措施的時(shí)候要使用合適的連接詞如：First，second， Besides, Whats more等，讓文章看起來(lái)很有條理，也很流暢。本篇文章在寫(xiě)作時(shí)不要啰嗦，力求簡(jiǎn)潔。倒裝句。還有范文用了Whats worse, First, Second , Besides ,這樣的關(guān)聯(lián)詞使文章更加連貫。（3）隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展，人們的閱讀方式也在逐漸改變，越來(lái)越多的人喜歡使用手機(jī)或互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來(lái)進(jìn)行日常閱讀。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表所提示的信息，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文發(fā)到你的博客上。電子閱讀方式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)電子閱讀方式的缺點(diǎn)1.方便快捷2.信息量大3.節(jié)省紙張1.不利于培養(yǎng)良好的閱讀習(xí)慣2.不利于身體健康3.影響視力你的看法電子閱讀: E­reading注意：詞數(shù)不少于120個(gè)。_【范文】Nowadays more people choose to read on their mobile phones or computers. E­reading has become a popular way of reading，especially among young people.E­reading is much more convenient than traditional reading. You can read at any time or place if you like. Also，you can scan a lot of information on the Internet. More importantly，it can save paper，thus protecting our forest resources.Despite the advantages of e­reading，there are also some disadvantages. Firstly，e­reading does not help to develop good reading habits. Because there is so much information，it is hard to do deep reading. Secondly，the radiation of electronic devices will do harm to our health. Thirdly，if you stare at screens for a long time，your eyesight will be damaged.In my view，everything has its advantages and disadvantages. Whether these advantages outweigh the disadvantages depends on what you want to achieve.有條理，也很流暢。【亮點(diǎn)說(shuō)明】范文要點(diǎn)明確，語(yǔ)言精煉，好的短語(yǔ)居多：at any time在任何時(shí)候，do harm to對(duì)造成傷害， In my view在我看來(lái)，句式上長(zhǎng)短句結(jié)合，運(yùn)用比較好的句子有：Also，you can scan a lot of information on the Internet. More importantly，it can save paper，thus protecting our forest resources.這句話用了現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)， it is hard to do deep reading.這句話用了it做形式主語(yǔ)， Whether these advantages outweigh the disadvantages depends on what you want to achieve.這句話用了主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。還有范文還使用了Firstly，Secondly，Thirdly，這樣的詞使文章更加連貫。（4）隨著生活水平的不斷提高與醫(yī)療技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步，中國(guó)人口老齡化問(wèn)題日益凸顯。根據(jù)下表提示，請(qǐng)以“How to solve the problem of supporting the aged”為題，談?wù)勛约簩?duì)解決人口老齡化問(wèn)題的看法。1. 家人：照顧老人，多看望老人，理解老人；2. 社區(qū)：組織有利于老人身心健康的活動(dòng)；3. 政府：建立完善的養(yǎng)老體系，投資興建敬老院。注意：1. 字?jǐn)?shù)為100字左右； 2. 參考詞匯：體系 system 敬老院 old folks home_【范文】How to solve the problem of supporting the aged?As a result of the improvement in living standard and medical care, China is becoming an aging society.To solve the problem, in my opinion, all the people should do their duties. Families should care for aging relations. They should spare time to see the aged. If possible, it is better so spend more time staying with them. The community should organize more activities, designed to the improvement in their physical and psychological health. The government should build a perfect system. More old folks homes should be built, where the aged can enjoy their life.Luckily, more attention has been paid to the problem. Getting old wont be such a depressing thing after all.要使用合適的連接詞來(lái)連接各要點(diǎn)，使文章成為一個(gè)整體?！玖咙c(diǎn)說(shuō)明】這篇文章涵蓋了要點(diǎn)，簡(jiǎn)潔又不乏好的短語(yǔ)和句型： As a result of因?yàn)?，由于，care for關(guān)心， after all To solve the problem, in my opinion, all the people should do their duties.這句話使用了不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)和插入語(yǔ)， If possible, it is better so spend more time staying with them. 這句話用了省略句，The community should organize more activities, designed to the improvement in their physical and psychological health.這句話使用了過(guò)去分詞做后置定語(yǔ)， More old folks homes should be built, where the aged can enjoy their life.這句話用了非限制性定語(yǔ)從句， Luckily, more attention has been paid to the problem. 這句話使用了pay attention to這個(gè)詞組的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。16