沂蒙黑豬商品豬飼養(yǎng)標準（定稿）

ICS65.120B 46DB37山東省地方標準DB 37/T XXXXXXXXX沂蒙黑豬商品豬飼養(yǎng)標準XXXX - XX - XX發(fā)布XXXX - XX - XX實施山東省市場監(jiān)督管理局發(fā)布DB37/ XXXXXXXXX目次前言II1 范圍12 規(guī)范性引用文件13 術語和定義14 營養(yǎng)需要量3附錄A （資料性附錄） 豬常用飼料成分及營養(yǎng)價值8附錄B （資料性附錄） 沂蒙黑豬商品豬每日能量和蛋白質需要量計算模型12前言本標準按照GB/T 1.12009給出的規(guī)則起草。本標準由山東省畜牧獸醫(yī)局提出并監(jiān)督實施。本標準由山東省畜牧業(yè)標準化技術委員會歸口。本標準起草單位：山東農業(yè)大學、山東華盛江泉農牧產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展有限公司、山東和美華集團有限公司、山東省畜牧總站、臨沂市畜牧局。本標準主要起草人：楊在賓、楊維仁、沈自泉、唐輝、劉方波、姜淑貞 、張桂國、董立才、董勝華、王兆鳳、孫億、周慧、周雪梅、丁明同、張井清、喬凱、王軍一、李洪濤。8沂蒙黑豬商品豬飼養(yǎng)標準1 范圍本標準規(guī)定了沂蒙黑豬商品豬在舍飼和半開放式飼養(yǎng)條件下營養(yǎng)需要量。本標準適用于沂蒙黑豬商品豬生產(chǎn)。2 規(guī)范性引用文件下列文件對于本文件的應用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅所注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于本文件。GB/T 6432飼料中粗蛋白測定方法GB/T 6433飼料中粗脂肪測定方法GB/T 6434飼料中粗纖維測定方法GB/T 6435飼料水分的測定GB/T 6436飼料中鈣的測定GB/T 6437飼料中總磷的測定分光光度法GB/T 14699.1飼料采樣NY/T 65豬飼養(yǎng)標準3 術語和定義下列術語和定義適用于本文件。3.1沂蒙黑豬商品豬Yimeng black commodity swine斷奶至90 kg的商品用沂蒙黑豬。3.2總能gross energy，GE飼料總能為飼料中有機物質完全氧化燃燒生成二氧化碳、水和其它氧化物時釋放的全部能量，其數(shù)值為每千克飼料在氧彈式熱量計中完全氧化燃燒后所產(chǎn)生的熱量（MJ），又稱燃燒熱。3.3消化能digestive energy，DE消化能是飼料可消化養(yǎng)分所含的能量，即動物攝入飼料的總能與糞能之差。由于糞中包括來自消化道的內源能，亦稱“表觀消化能”。公式為：DE=GEFE。3.4代謝能metabolizable energy，ME飼料的總能減去糞、尿排泄物中的總能（FE、UE）及消化道可燃氣體的能量（Eg）即為代謝能。由于排泄物中包括來自身體的內源能，也稱表觀代謝能，單位為MJ/kg。公式為：ME=GEFEUEEg。3.5凈能net energy，NE飼料中用于動物維持生命和生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的能量，即飼料的代謝能扣除飼料在體內代謝過程中的熱增耗（HI）后剩余的那部分能量，單位為MJ/kg。公式為：NE=GEDEUEEgHI。或：NE=MEHI。3.6粗蛋白質crude protein，CP以凱氏定氮法測定的氮含量，乘以系數(shù)6.25即為粗蛋白質，以百分數(shù)表示。3.7可消化粗蛋白質digestible crude protein，DCP飼料可消化粗蛋白質由其粗蛋白質含量乘以粗蛋白消化率而得，以百分數(shù)表示。3.8體重body weight，BW動物身體所有器官重量的總和，直接反映身體長期的熱量平衡狀態(tài)，單位以kg表示。3.9日增重Daily gain，DG每天每只動物的體重增長量，單位以kg/d表示。3.10代謝體重Metabolic weight，W0.75自然體重的0.75次方即為代謝體重，單位以kg表示。3.11消化能需要量Digestive energy requirement，DER在舍飼環(huán)境條件下，正常、健康生長或達到理想生產(chǎn)成績的動物對消化能的最低需要量，包括維持消化能需要量和增重消化能需要量。3.12代謝能需要量metabolizable energy requirement，MER在舍飼環(huán)境條件下，正常、健康生長或達到理想生產(chǎn)成績的動物對代謝能的最低需要量，包括維持代謝能需要量和增重代謝能需要量。3.13凈能需要量net energy requirement，NER在最適宜環(huán)境條件下，正常、健康生長或達到理想生產(chǎn)成績的動物對凈能的最低需要量，包括維持凈能需要量和增重凈能需要量。3.14粗蛋白質需要量crude protein requirement，CPR在舍飼環(huán)境條件下，正常、健康生長或達到理想生產(chǎn)成績的動物對粗蛋白質的最低需要量，包括維持粗蛋白需要量和增重粗蛋白質需要量。3.15可消化粗蛋白質需要量digestible crude protein requirement，DCPR在舍飼環(huán)境條件下，正常、健康生長或達到理想生產(chǎn)成績的動物對可消化粗蛋白質的最低需要量，包括維持可消化粗蛋白需要量和增重可消化粗蛋白質需要量。3.16舍飼Barn Feeding在房舍中飼養(yǎng)畜禽的方式。3.17半開放式飼養(yǎng)Semi-open Feeding在房舍外帶有運動場的飼養(yǎng)方式。4 營養(yǎng)需要量4.1 舍飼條件下每千克飼糧養(yǎng)分含量，見表1。4.2 舍飼條件下每日每頭養(yǎng)分需要量，見表2。4.3 半開放式飼養(yǎng)條件下每千克飼糧養(yǎng)分含量，見表3。4.4 半開放式飼養(yǎng)條件下每日每頭養(yǎng)分需要量，見表4。表1 舍飼條件下每千克飼糧養(yǎng)分含量（自由采食，88 %干物質）體重 BW，kg715153030606090日齡，d2555559090150150225日增重ADG，kg/d0.270.430.500.53采食ADFI，kg/d0.591.251.952.80飼料/增重 F/G2.192.923.905.63消化能DE，kcal/kg3170317031403140代謝能ME，kcal/kg2980298029602960粗蛋白質 CP，%20.117.614.712.5賴氨酸，%1.151.010.840.71精氨酸，%0.430.380.310.27蛋氨酸，%0.280.240.200.17蛋氨酸+胱氨酸，%0.650.570.470.40蘇氨酸，%0.740.650.540.46色氨酸，%0.210.180.150.13表1舍飼條件下每千克飼糧養(yǎng)分含量（自由采食，88 %干物質）（續(xù)）異亮氨酸，%0.630.550.460.39鈣，%0.740.630.540.45總磷，%0.600.540.450.41氯，%0.100.090.080.07鈉，%0.150.090.090.09鎂，%0.040.040.040.04鉀，%0.260.230.210.17鐵，mg/kg92725445鋅，mg/kg90725445銅，mg/kg5.504.503.603.15錳，mg/kg3.002.701.801.80碘，mg/kg0.130.130.130.13硒，mg/kg0.270.230.140.14維生素A，IU/kg2000160016001600維生素D，IU/kg200180140140維生素E，IU/kg15101010維生素K，mg/kg0.500.500.500.50硫胺素，mg/kg1.001.001.001.00核黃素，mg/kg3.503.002.002.00泛酸，mg/kg10.008.007.006.00煙酸，mg/kg14.0012.009.006.50吡哆醇，mg/kg1.501.501.001.00生物素，mg/kg0.080.050.050.05葉酸，mg/kg0.300.300.300.30維生素B12，g/kg16.5014.5010.008.00膽堿，g/kg0.400.300.300.30亞油酸，%0.100.100.100.10表2 舍飼條件下每日每頭養(yǎng)分需要量（自由采食，88 %干物質）體重 BW，kg715153030606090日齡，d2555559090150150225日增重ADG，kg/d0.270.430.500.53采食量ADFI，kg/d0.591.251.952.80飼料/增重 F/G2.192.923.905.63消化能 DE，kcal/d1870396061208790代謝能 ME，kcal/d1750371058208360表2舍飼條件下每日每頭養(yǎng)分需要量（自由采食，88 %干物質）（續(xù)）粗蛋白質 CP，g/d118221286350賴氨酸，g/d6.7912.6316.3819.88精氨酸，g/d2.544.756.057.56蛋氨酸，g/d1.653.003.904.76蛋氨酸+胱氨酸，g/d3.847.139.1711.20蘇氨酸，g/d4.378.1310.5312.88色氨酸，g/d1.242.252.933.64異亮氨酸，g/d3.726.888.9710.92鈣，g/d4.377.8810.5312.60總磷，g/d3.546.758.7811.48氯，g/d0.591.131.561.96鈉，g/d0.891.101.802.52鎂，g/d0.240.500.781.12鉀，g/d1.532.884.104.76鐵，mg/d5490105126鋅，mg/d5390105126銅，mg/d3.255.637.028.82錳，mg/d1.773.383.515.04碘，mg/d0.080.160.250.36硒，mg/d0.160.220.270.39維生素A，IU/d1180200031204480維生素D，IU/d118225273392維生素E，IU/d10121928維生素K，mg/d0.300.630.981.40硫胺素，mg/d0.591.251.952.80核黃素，mg/d2.073.753.905.60泛酸，mg/d5.9010.0013.6516.80煙酸，mg/d8.2615.0017.5518.20吡哆醇，mg/d0.891.881.952.80生物素，mg/d0.050.060.100.14葉酸，mg/d0.180.380.590.84維生素B12，g/d9.7418.1319.5022.40膽堿，g/d0.240.380.590.84亞油酸，g/d0.591.251.952.80表3 半開放式飼養(yǎng)條件下每千克飼糧養(yǎng)分含量（自由采食，88 %干物質）體重 BW，kg715153030606090日齡，d2555559090150150225日增重ADG，kg/d0.220.340.400.42采食ADFI，kg/d0.661.372.153.08飼料/增重 F/G3.004.025.387.33消化能DE，kcal/kg3170317031403140代謝能ME，kcal/kg2980298029602960粗蛋白質 CP，%20.117.614.712.5賴氨酸，%1.151.010.840.71精氨酸，%0.430.380.310.27蛋氨酸，%0.280.240.200.17蛋氨酸+胱氨酸，%0.650.570.470.40蘇氨酸，%0.740.650.540.46色氨酸，%0.210.180.150.13異亮氨酸，%0.630.550.460.39鈣，%0.740.630.540.45總磷，%0.600.540.450.41氯，%0.100.090.080.07鈉，%0.150.090.090.09鎂，%0.040.040.040.04鉀，%0.260.230.210.17鐵，mg/kg92725445鋅，mg/kg90725445銅，mg/kg5.504.503.603.15錳，mg/kg3.002.701.801.80碘，mg/kg0.130.130.130.13硒，mg/kg0.270.230.140.14維生素A，IU/kg2000160016001600維生素D，IU/kg200180140140維生素E，IU/kg15101010維生素K，mg/kg0.500.500.500.50硫胺素，mg/kg1.001.001.001.00核黃素，mg/kg3.503.002.002.00泛酸，mg/kg10.008.007.006.00煙酸，mg/kg14.0012.009.006.50吡哆醇，mg/kg1.501.501.001.00生物素，mg/kg0.080.050.050.05葉酸，mg/kg0.300.300.300.30維生素B12，g/kg16.5014.5010.008.00膽堿，g/kg0.400.300.300.30亞油酸，%0.100.100.100.10表4 半開放式飼養(yǎng)條件下每日每頭養(yǎng)分需要量（自由采食，88 %干物質）體重 BW，kg715153030606090日齡，d256565110110190190290日增重ADG，kg/d0.220.340.400.42采食ADFI，kg/d0.661.372.153.08飼料/增重 F/G3.004.025.387.33消化能DE，kcal/d2092434267519671代謝能ME，kcal/d1966408263649116粗蛋白質 CP，g/d132241316385賴氨酸，g/d7.5913.8418.0621.87精氨酸，g/d2.845.216.678.32蛋氨酸，g/d1.853.294.305.24蛋氨酸+胱氨酸，g/d4.297.8110.1112.32蘇氨酸，g/d4.888.9111.6114.17色氨酸，g/d1.392.473.234.00異亮氨酸，g/d4.167.549.8912.01鈣，g/d4.888.6311.6113.86總磷，g/d3.966.329.6812.32氯，g/d0.661.231.722.16鈉，g/d0.991.231.942.77鎂，g/d0.260.550.861.23鉀，g/d1.723.154.525.24鐵，mg/d6098116138鋅，mg/d5995114128銅，mg/d3.636.177.749.70錳，mg/d1.983.703.875.54碘，mg/d0.090.180.280.40硒，mg/d0.180.320.300.43維生素A，IU/d1320219234404928維生素D，IU/d132246301431維生素E，IU/d9.9013.7021.5030.80維生素K，mg/d0.330.691.081.54硫胺素，mg/d0.661.372.153.08核黃素，mg/d2.314.114.306.16泛酸，mg/d6.6010.9615.0518.48煙酸，mg/d9.2416.4419.3520.02吡哆醇，mg/d0.992.062.153.08生物素，mg/d0.050.070.110.15葉酸，mg/d0.200.410.650.92維生素B12，g/d10.8919.8721.5024.64膽堿，g/d0.260.410.650.92亞油酸，g/d0.661.372.153.08AA附錄A （資料性附錄）豬常用飼料成分及營養(yǎng)價值豬常用飼料成分及營養(yǎng)價值見表A.1。表A.1 豬常用飼料成分及營養(yǎng)價值表飼料名稱風干物質基礎干物質基礎干物質%粗蛋白%無氮浸出物%粗脂肪%粗纖維%粗灰分%鈣%干物質%粗蛋白%無氮浸出物%粗脂肪%粗纖維%粗灰分%鈣%玉米（1）86.08.770.73.61.61.40.0210010.182.34.21.91.60.02玉米（2）86.38.771.13.51.61.40.0210010.182.44.11.81.60.02玉米（3）87.68.672.53.11.91.50.101009.882.83.62.11.70.11新玉米86.08.167.13.75.81.41009.478.04.36.71.6舊玉米87.88.467.83.86.71.11009.577.34.37.61.3高粱86.58.872.12.51.51.70.1410010.283.32.91.72.00.16小麥87.612.769.11.92.11.90.2110014.578.82.12.42.20.24稻谷89.48.666.02.08.54.30.141009.773.92.29.54.80.16小麥麩（1）87.015.756.03.96.54.90.1110018.064.44.57.55.60.13小麥麩（2）87.014.357.14.06.84.80.1010016.465.64.67.85.50.11小麥麩（3）89.515.255.33.510.25.20.2210017.061.83.911.45.80.25麩皮（一皮）86.514.463.81.64.42.40.0310016.673.71.85.12.70.03麩皮（二皮）86.516.456.52.28.33.20.0410018.965.32.59.63.70.04麩皮（三皮）86.717.450.82.711.54.30.0310020.158.63.113.35.00.04表A.1豬常用飼料成分及營養(yǎng)價值表（續(xù)）飼料名稱風干物質基礎干物質基礎干物質%粗蛋白%無氮浸出物%粗脂肪%粗纖維%粗灰分%鈣%磷%干物質%粗蛋白%無氮浸出物%粗脂肪%粗纖維%粗灰分%鈣%磷%麩皮（四皮）86.416.546.52.715.35.40.0610019.153.93.117.76.30.07麩皮（五皮）86.616.746.02.515.85.70.0910019.253.12.918.26.60.10次粉87.414.666.22.22.71.70.0810016.875.82.53.11.90.09大豆餅92.443.530.45.76.46.40.290.3210047.032.96.17.07.00.310.35棉籽餅88.036.326.07.512.55.70.210.8310041.329.68.514.26.50.240.94棉仁餅91.933.527.27.218.65.40.220.2810036.529.77.820.25.80.20.3花生仁餅88.044.724.97.36.05.10.250.5310050.728.38.36.85.80.280.6花生餅90.548.324.17.25.45.60.20.310053.426.67.96.06.20.220.33玉米胚芽餅90.316.750.89.76.56.60.041.4510018.556.210.87.27.30.041.61芝麻餅92.039.025.110.37.210.42.241.1910042.427.311.27.911.32.431.29大豆粕87.946.430.11.34.55.50.340.6510052.834.31.55.16.30.390.74大豆粕88.243.531.61.95.36.00.330.6210049.335.82.16.06.80.370.7棉籽粕88.240.830.60.510.26.10.251.110046.334.70.611.66.90.281.25棉籽粕88.340.829.90.510.56.50.281.0410046.333.90.611.97.40.321.18花生仁粕88.346.428.91.46.25.40.270.5610052.632.71.67.06.10.310.63玉米胚芽粕90.017.254.74.211.12.80.061.2310019.160.84.712.33.10.071.37玉米蛋白粉90.662.422.33.31.11.50.070.4310068.924.63.71.21.70.080.48玉米蛋白粉89.944.337.16.01.60.90.120.510049.341.36.71.81.00.130.56玉米蛋白飼料88.021.857.15.91.22.10.150.710024.764.96.71.32.30.170.8玉米酒糟88.728.134.812.68.05.210031.739.314.29.15.800DDGS91.026.040.113.77.04.10.20.7410028.644.115.17.74.50.220.81表A.1豬常用飼料成分及營養(yǎng)價值表（續(xù)）飼料名稱鮮樣基礎干物質基礎干物質%粗蛋白%無氮浸出物%粗脂肪%粗纖維%粗灰分%總能Mcal/kg干物質%粗蛋白%無氮浸出物%粗脂肪%粗纖維%粗灰分%總能Mcal/kg玉米全株（乳熟期）23.11.914.30.84.91.21.01008.361.93.421.45.04.3玉米全株（蠟熟期）27.12.316.90.95.81.31.21008.362.13.521.24.94.3玉米全株（完熟期）33.12.720.61.17.11.51.41008.262.53.421.54.54.3玉米全株青貯（乳熟期）23.22.014.30.85.01.31.01008.461.63.321.45.44.3玉米全株青貯（蠟熟期）27.52.316.70.96.01.61.21008.460.73.321.95.74.2玉米全株青貯（完熟期）33.52.820.61.17.21.71.41008.461.73.321.55.14.3玉米全株（地上4/4）22.61.910.10.57.82.40.91008.344.72.134.210.74.0玉米全株（地上3/4）40.43.328.81.35.91.21.81008.271.33.214.62.94.4玉米全株（地上2/4）22.01.78.80.28.82.50.91007.940.01.039.911.23.9玉米全株（地上1/4）16.61.16.60.27.31.60.71006.439.61.043.69.34.0莖稈16.00.86.00.17.81.20.61004.743.00.744.57.14.0葉鞘21.51.67.70.29.52.50.81006.444.11.038.510.13.9葉片24.03.08.00.68.73.80.910011.041.52.231.513.93.9籽實41.54.832.91.81.30.71.91009.782.53.72.71.44.5包葉31.01.213.20.814.31.51.31003.647.82.341.84.54.2表A.1豬常用飼料成分及營養(yǎng)價值表（續(xù)）飼料名稱鮮樣基礎干物質基礎干物質%粗蛋白%粗脂肪%粗纖維%粗灰分%中性洗滌纖維%酸性洗滌纖維%干物質%粗蛋白%粗脂肪%粗纖維%粗灰分%中性洗滌纖維%酸性洗滌纖維%（ 粉質 ）小麥全株莖稈（上）40.91.80.718.44.826.716.31004.31.845.211.865.440.0莖稈（下）35.21.50.616.74.424.415.51004.21.647.612.569.544.1籽實52.37.30.71.80.918.71.910013.91.33.41.735.33.7麥穎14.30.60.15.91.87.55.61003.90.740.512.350.638.5（ 膠質 ）小麥全株莖稈（上）32.31.80.812.73.920.112.71005.52.439.012.062.339.3莖稈（下）27.01.40.514.53.720.213.51005.11.953.613.675.050.2籽實43.96.50.72.00.821.71.710014.91.64.51.946.83.8麥穎15.00.70.17.21.89.86.51004.81.047.612.361.642.612BB附錄B （資料性附錄）沂蒙黑豬商品豬每日能量和蛋白質需要量計算模型B.1 1530 kg沂蒙黑豬商品豬每日營養(yǎng)需要量計算模型B.1.1 1530 kg沂蒙黑豬商品豬每日能量需要量計算模型如下：GER = 250.01 W0.75 + 5715.68 DG(附錄B.1)DER = 196.90 W0.75 + 4501.50 DG(附錄B.2)MER = 184.36 W0.75 + 4214.69 DG(附錄B.3)NER = 151.17 W0.75 + 3174.96 DG(附錄B.4)式中：GER 總能需要量；kcal/d；DER 消化能需要量；kcal/d；MER 代謝能需要量；kcal/d；NER 凈能需要量，kcal/d；W0.75 代謝體重，kg；DG 日增重，kg/d。B.1.2 3060 kg沂蒙黑豬商品豬每日能量需要量計算模型如下：GER =226.96 W0.75 + 7722.21 DG(附錄B.5) DER = 177.86 W0.75 + 6051.70 DG(附錄B.6) MER = 169.26 W0.75 + 5759.14 DG(附錄B.7) NER = 138.80 W0.75 + 3850.70 DG(附錄B.8)式中：GER 總能需要量；kcal/d；DER 消化能需要量；kcal/d；MER 代謝能需要量；kcal/d；NER 凈能需要量，kcal/d；W0.75 代謝體重，kg；DG 日增重，kg/d。B.1.3 6090 kg沂蒙黑豬商品豬每日能量需要量計算模型如下：GER =227.15 W0.75 + 12017.86 DG(附錄B.9)DER = 171.47 W0.75 + 9072.30 DG(附錄B.10)MER = 163.99 W0.75 + 8676.47 DG(附錄B.11)NER = 134.47 W0.75 + 5270.60 DG(附錄B.12)式中：GER 總能需要量；kcal/d；DER 消化能需要量；kcal/d；MER 代謝能需要量；kcal/d；NER 凈能需要量，kcal/d；W0.75 代謝體重，kg；DG 日增重，kg/d。B.2 沂蒙黑豬商品豬每日蛋白質需要量計算模型B.2.1 1530 kg沂蒙黑豬商品豬每日蛋白質需要量計算模型如下：RCP = 6.38 W0.75 + 0.36 DG(附錄B.13)RDCP = 4.27 W0.75 +0.27 DG(附錄B.94)式中：RCP 粗蛋白需要量；g/d；RDCP 可消化粗蛋白需要量，g/d；W0.75 代謝體重，kg；DG 日增重，g/d。B.2.2 3060 kg沂蒙黑豬商品豬每日蛋白質需要量計算模型如下：RCP = 5.54 W0.75 +0.38 DG(附錄B.105)RDCP =3.62 W0.75 + 0.25 DG(附錄B.116)式中：RCP 粗蛋白需要量；g/d；RDCP 可消化粗蛋白需要量，g/d；W0.75 代謝體重，kg；DG 日增重，g/d。B.2.3 6090 kg沂蒙黑豬商品豬每日蛋白質需要量計算模型如下：RCP = 5.37 W0.75 + 0.44 DG(附錄B.127)RDCP = 3.45 W0.75 + 0.28 DG(附錄B.138)式中：RCP 粗蛋白需要量；g/d；RDCP 可消化粗蛋白需要量，g/d；W0.75 代謝體重），kg；DG 日增重，g/d。_14