2018秋高中英語(yǔ) Unit 4 Earthquakes同步練習(xí) 新人教版必修1.doc

Unit 4 Earthquakes話題誦讀 日積月累My earthquake storyMy name is Mahnaz Bibi and Im from a village of Muzaffarabad，Azad Kashmir.We were living a happy and fortable life.I had my husband Mukhtar Ali and a son Mushahid Ali.Mushahid was the whole world for me.On October 8th，I came out of my house after feeding Mushahid to do some work out there.I was working when the earth started shaking from north to west.I had never felt this kind of earthquake before.When I came to my senses I ran back to my house to save my son，as he was sleeping in the room.There was nothing but the debris(殘骸)of my house.I started crying loudly and asked the neighbours to help search for my child.I was praying(祈禱)to God to save my child from this disaster，but after three hours of my prayers，I lost my whole world.There was no one to bury Mushahids body because everyone was burying their own children. We buried him on the 9th of October and suffered from rain the whole night.A few days later we left our village，because there was nothing left for us.We travelled a long distance over the mountains.In the end，we reached Muzaffarabad，Azad Kashmir and got shelter in the Ajaz Gillani Relief Tent Village.詞海拾貝1e to ones sense(s)清醒過(guò)來(lái)；冷靜下來(lái)2search for尋找，搜索3suffer from遭受，忍受4in the end最后，終于5get shelter得到住處；得以避難問(wèn)題思考1Why did the author leave her village?_答案：Because there was nothing left for her.2What would you do if you felt an earthquake?_答案：I would find a safety place or open field.自主預(yù)習(xí) 步步提高詞匯識(shí)記.將單詞與其正確釋義配對(duì)1burstAvi.爆裂；爆發(fā)n突然破裂；爆發(fā)2ruin Bvt.破壞；毀壞；消滅3injure Cvt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏4destroy Dn.廢墟；毀滅vt.使破產(chǎn)；毀滅5shock Evt.損害；傷害6rescue Fvt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動(dòng)n休克；打擊；震驚7trap Gvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境8bury Hn.災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍9disaster In.&vt.援救；營(yíng)救10electricity Jn.電；電流；電學(xué)答案：1.A2.D3.E4.B5.F6.I7.G8.C9.H10.J.根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)提示寫出單詞1_n地震_n地震；震動(dòng)2_vi.爆裂；爆發(fā)n突然破裂；爆發(fā)3_n廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)4_n苦難；痛苦5_adj.極度的6_vt.損害；傷害7_vt.毀壞；破壞；消滅8_adj.無(wú)用的；無(wú)效的；無(wú)益的_adj.有用的9_n休克；震驚；打擊vt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動(dòng)10_vt.&n.救援；營(yíng)救11_vt.使陷入困境n陷阱；困境12_n災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍13_vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏14_n遮蔽處；避身處；掩蔽15_n記者答案：1.earthquakequake2.burst3.ruin4.suffering5extreme6.injure7.destroy8.uselessuseful9shock10.rescue11.trap12.disaster13.bury14shelter15.reporter.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫出正確的單詞1The driver lost control when a tyre_(爆裂)2The bad weather_(毀掉)our trip.3Three people were killed and five_(傷害)in the accident.4The parents were_(震驚)by the news that their son needed an operation.5Helicopters_(營(yíng)救)nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.6The train was_(困在)underground by a fire.7The dog had_(掩埋)its bone in the garden.答案：1.burst2.ruined3.injured4.shocked5rescued6.trapped7.buried.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫出正確的短語(yǔ)1He behaves_(好像)he had no mon sense.2On November 11th，1918 the First World War was finally _ (結(jié)束)3The invader laid towns and villages_(嚴(yán)重受損)4I went to the attic and_(發(fā)現(xiàn))grandads medals.5There have been_(許多) accidents lately.6Thank you.I will get in touch with him_(立刻，馬上)7It is wrong to_(不把當(dāng)回事)everything.8I found him in the garden，dreaming away_(和往常一樣)答案：1.as if2.at an end3.in ruins4.dug out5a great number of6.right away7.think little of8as usual語(yǔ)篇理解.Skimming for the main informationPara.1_AThe earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.Para.2_ BThe earthquake happened and caused deaths or injuries in Tangshan.Para.3_ CHelp came soon after the quakes.Para.4_ DNo one paid attention though strange things happened.答案：Para.1DPara.2BPara.3APara.4C.Scanning for detailed information1All the following unusual things happened before the quake EXCEPT that_Athe water in the village wells rose and fellBthe chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eatCtens of thousands of cows would never give milk againDfish jumped out of their bowls and ponds2Before the earthquake people were asleep as usual because_Athey didnt notice anything strange happeningBthey knew well about earthquakesCsomething strange happened in many placesDthey didnt realize the arrival of an earthquake3When did the earthquake happen?AAt night on July 28，1976.BOn the morning of July 28，1976.COn the afternoon of July 28，1976.DThe writer didnt tell us.4Which is TRUE according to the passage?APeople paid much attention to those strange things before the earthquake.BBefore the earthquake animals became nervous.CAfter the earthquake water was needed because there was no water in dams and wells.DAfter the earthquake the people in Tangshan lost hope because they were homeless. 5What does the sentence“Slowly，the city began to breathe again”mean? AThe city will not die；it has hope and it can recover from the pain.BThe army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to help people.CHundreds of thousands of people were helped.DMost of the 10，000 miners were rescued.答案：1.C2.D3.B4.B5.A.Intensive reading to finish the passageBefore Tangshan earthquake，strange things happened and a 1._ gas came out from the 2._ of wells and animals became nervous.At 3：42 am，everything began to 3._The city turned into 4._ in just fifteen seconds.Many people，including workers and doctors，came to 5._ those trapped under the ruins.Later that afternoon，another big quake 6._ Tangshan，killing，injuring more people and making more buildings 7._Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers and teams 8._ to dig out the trapped and bury the dead.Workers built 9._ for survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city.Slowly，the city began to 10._ again.答案：1.smelly2.cracks3.shake4.ruins5.rescue6.struck7.fall down8.were organized9.shelters10breathe閱讀素養(yǎng)提升What should we do to protect ourselves if an earthquake happened?_答案：1.Dont be nervous and keep calm.2Protect your head by putting your bag on your head.3Stay under your desk.4Leave the classroom after the earthquake.精讀難句透析1The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.分析：本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。_引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。譯文：_答案：when譯文：即使空中沒(méi)有飛機(jī)，在唐山市外也可以聽到飛機(jī)的聲音。2But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night.分析：本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。_引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，_是先行詞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)。譯文：_答案：whopeople譯文：但是，這個(gè)城市的100萬(wàn)居民幾乎都沒(méi)有把這些情況當(dāng)回事，那天晚上照常上床睡覺(jué)了。 3.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals. 分析：本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。_引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，_是先行詞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)。譯文：_答案：thatcrack譯文：一條8千米長(zhǎng)、30米寬的巨大裂縫橫穿房屋、馬路和水道。知識(shí)聚焦 講練互動(dòng)要點(diǎn)直擊1In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物的水管爆裂開來(lái)。 歸納拓展burst vi.（burst，burst）爆裂；爆發(fā)n.突然破裂；爆發(fā)burst in/into闖進(jìn)，突然破門而入burst with anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/悲痛欲絕/樂(lè)不可支 形象記憶burst的多層含義(1)Upon his appearance，there was a _ of applause.他一出現(xiàn)就爆發(fā)了一陣掌聲。(2)Karen _ on hearing the good news.Karen _ at the good news.當(dāng)卡倫聽到這一好消息時(shí)，她突然大笑起來(lái)。(3)Water pipes in the open air are easy to _ in winter.冬天在戶外的水管容易凍裂。答案：(1)burst(2)burst out laughingburst into laughter(3)burst 即學(xué)即練用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空。(1)Suddenly the door opened and a group of policemen burst_(2)Hardly had the boys heard the story when they burst_ tears.(3)He burst_the room without knocking at the door.完成句子。(4)_(暴風(fēng)雨突然襲來(lái))and we all got wet.(5)Last night the room_(闖入)but nothing was taken away.答案：(1)in(2)into(3)into(4)The storm burst(5)was burst into2Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他們當(dāng)中三分之二的人在地震中不是死就是傷。 歸納拓展injure vt.損害；傷害；使受傷injured adj.受傷的the injured傷員injury n傷；傷口；傷害 傷害某人(1)Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他們中有三分之二的人在地震中傷亡。(2)She should not move in case she injured her neck.她不應(yīng)該動(dòng)，以防傷著脖子。(3)Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking.救一些受傷、流離失所或病殘的動(dòng)物有時(shí)是令人心碎的。(4)You should stretch at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.為了避免傷害，每次跑步之前你應(yīng)該至少熱身十分鐘。形象記憶不同程度的“傷害” 即學(xué)即練用hurt，injure，wound，harm的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)Dont_ your eyes by reading in poor light.(2)Two people have been seriously_ in a road accident.(3)Im really sorry.I didnt mean to_ your feelings.(4)He got_ in the war.答案：(1)harm(2)injured(3)hurt(4)wounded3People were shocked.人們驚呆了。 歸納拓展shock vt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動(dòng)n休克；打擊；震驚(1)be a shock to.使震驚be in shock處于震驚中(2)shocked adj 震驚的；驚訝的be shocked at/by對(duì)感到震驚shocking adj.令人震驚的(1)She got _ when she touched the live wire.她在觸到通電的電線時(shí)受到電擊。(2)The news of his death was _ us.他去世的消息令我們震驚。答案：(1)shocked(2)a shock to 即學(xué)即練完成句子。(1)We_(對(duì)感到震驚)the news of his death.(2)The news of his survival from the earthquake came as_ (震驚或令人吃驚的事)(3)They were_(感到吃驚的)when they heard the_ (令人吃驚的)news.答案：(1)were shocked at(2)a shock(3)shockedshocking4The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放軍組成小分隊(duì)，將受困的人們挖出來(lái)，將死者掩埋。 歸納拓展bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏bury ones face/head in ones hands用手捂住臉/頭bury oneself in/be buried in埋頭于；專心于(1)We needed to bury the dead bodies as quickly as possible to stop disease spreading.我們需要盡快將尸體掩埋，以防疾病擴(kuò)散。(2)He buried his face in his bands.他雙手掩面。(3)Buried in his study，he didnt know that the others had left.他埋頭學(xué)習(xí)，不知道其他人已經(jīng)離開了。熟詞生義He had buried his wife about two years before he retired.他大約在退休前兩年喪妻。bury vt.喪失(親人)形象記憶 即學(xué)即練句型轉(zhuǎn)換。(1)He was lost in his book and didnt notice me ing.He_ his book and didnt notice me ing.單句語(yǔ)法填空。(2)He was buried _ the paper and ignored all.(3)_(bury) in his work he didnt return home for two weeks.答案：(1)buried himself in(2)in(3)Buried5It was a frightening night.這是一個(gè)駭人的夜晚。 歸納拓展frightening adj.令人恐懼的frightened adj.受驚的；受恐嚇的frighten vt.使驚嚇；嚇唬be frightened of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事be frightened to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事frighten sb into/out of(doing) sth 嚇得某人做某事/嚇得某人不敢做某事frighten sb/sth away/off把嚇走(嚇跑)(1)The _ child cant help shaking with fear.受驚的孩子忍不住因害怕而顫抖。(2)The little girl _ the sudden noise.這個(gè)女孩聽到突然的噪聲嚇了一跳。(3)Sorry，I didnt mean to _.對(duì)不起，我沒(méi)有嚇唬你的意思。答案：(1)frightened(2)was frightened at(3)frighten you 即學(xué)即練用frighten的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)There was a_ expression on her face.(2)The_ little girl hid herself behind the door.(3)Its_ to stay at a big and empty hall alone.(4)We all felt_ at the_ news.完成句子。(5)They_ the paper.他們嚇唬那位老太太在文件上簽名。答案：(1)frightened(2)frightened(3)frightening(4)frightenedfrightening(5)frightened the old lady into signing6Congratulations! We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking petition about new Tangshan.恭喜你！我們高興地告訴你，你在以新唐山為主題的中學(xué)生演講比賽中獲勝了。 歸納拓展congratulation n祝賀；賀詞(常用復(fù)數(shù))offer/send ones congratulations to sb on sth因某事向某人致以祝賀congratulate v祝賀congratulate sb on sth 為某事向某人祝賀(1)We _ to her when she passed the exam.當(dāng)她通過(guò)考試時(shí)，我們向她表示祝賀。(2)I _ you _ what you have achieved.祝賀你取得的成績(jī)。答案：(1)sent our congratulations(2)congratulateon 易混辨析congratulate/celebratecongratulate意為“祝賀”，是用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)祝賀之意，其賓語(yǔ)是人；若要表明所祝賀的事情，后面用介詞on連接，構(gòu)成congratulate sb on sthcelebrate“慶祝，慶賀”，指舉行盛大、隆重的儀式來(lái)慶?；蚣o(jì)念有意義的日子或事件。常用表示節(jié)日、勝利、成功等的名詞作賓語(yǔ) 即學(xué)即練用上述單詞的正確形式填空。(1)Friends came to_ him when he passed the College Entrance Examinations and they held a party to_ it.(2)_ to you on your exam results.(3)We sent our_ to her when she passed the driving test.答案：(1)congratulatecelebrate(2)Congratulations(3)congratulations7Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.評(píng)委會(huì)的5位評(píng)委聽了你的演講，他們一致認(rèn)為這是今年最好的。 歸納拓展judge n裁判員；法官vt.判定，判決judge sb/sth(to be)n./adj.判斷；認(rèn)為是judge thatclause判斷；認(rèn)為judge.by/from.根據(jù)判斷judging by/from.從來(lái)判斷(1)A colourblind man cant _ colours.色盲的人不能判斷顏色。(2)I cant _ which one I like better.我無(wú)法確定我更喜歡哪個(gè)。(3)_ what he said，he was very disappointed.從他的話判斷，他非常失望。答案：(1)judge(2)judge(3)Judging from 即學(xué)即練用所給詞的正確形式填空。(1)_(judge)from media reports，the result has been unclear.(2)He was one of the_(judge)at the races.(3)Its wrong of you_(judge)a man from his looks.答案：(1)Judging(2)judges(3)to judge8Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster.下個(gè)月我市將開放一個(gè)新的公園，來(lái)紀(jì)念在那次地震中死去的人們。 歸納拓展hono(u)r v給予榮譽(yù)；尊敬n榮譽(yù)；敬意an honour to sb/sth 引起尊敬(或尊重)的人或事物in honour of.為了紀(jì)念，為向表示敬意show/give honour to.向表示敬意have the honour of sth/of doing sth得到某殊榮；有幸做某事honour sb(with sth)(因某事)尊敬/尊重某人be/feel honoured(to do sth)(做某事)感到榮幸(1)Hes ready to fight for the _ of his country.他隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備為祖國(guó)的榮譽(yù)而戰(zhàn)。(2)As a student，he should _ his teachers.作為一個(gè)學(xué)生，他應(yīng)該尊敬他的老師。(3)Would you _ us _ a visit?能否賞光來(lái)我們這里做客？答案：(1)honour(2)show honour to(3)honourwith 即學(xué)即練單句語(yǔ)法填空。(1)He is_ honour to his profession.(2)The school was named_honour of the man.(3)I felt honoured_(invite)here.(4)Showing honour_ your teaching is your duty.答案：(1)an(2)in(3)to be invited(4)to9I would like to express my thanks to.我想向表達(dá)我的感謝。 歸納拓展express vt.表達(dá)；表示n.快車；速遞express ones thanks to sb向某人表達(dá)某人的感謝express oneself 表達(dá)自己的思想感情expression n表達(dá)；表情beyond expression 無(wú)法表達(dá)；難以表達(dá)(1)I would like to express my warmest thanks to doctors.我想向醫(yī)生們表達(dá)我最由衷的感謝。(2)The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words.藝術(shù)世界給了我不需要語(yǔ)言表達(dá)我自己的機(jī)會(huì)。(3)The shock of this news is beyond expression.難以表達(dá)對(duì)這則消息的震驚程度。 即學(xué)即練用express的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空。(1)He is still unable to_ in English.(2)Having heard the bad news，he left_(3)The scenery is so beautiful that it is_答案：(1)express himself(2)without expression(3)beyond expression10But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night.但是，這座城市的100萬(wàn)居民幾乎都沒(méi)有把這些情況當(dāng)回事，那天晚上照常上床睡覺(jué)了。 歸納拓展think little of不在意，看輕think highly ofthink much of重視；高度評(píng)價(jià)think poorly of不放在眼里，輕視think nothing of輕視；認(rèn)為無(wú)所謂think ill ofthink badly of認(rèn)為不好think well of認(rèn)為好；器重(1)He _ my suggestion.他不重視我的建議。(2)I dont _ his idea.我認(rèn)為他的主意不怎么樣。(3)She _ walking thirty miles a day.她認(rèn)為一天步行30英里不足為奇。答案：(1)thought little of(2)think much of(3)thinks nothing of 即學(xué)即練單句語(yǔ)法填空。(1)We all thought_(better)of what he did to the boy.(2)I like the music，but I think little_the singer.(3)His work is highly_(think)of by his teacher.答案：(1)well(2)of(3)thought11Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.由于地震發(fā)生時(shí)人們都在睡覺(jué)，所以很多人都死去了。 歸納拓展a(great)number of/a good many許多；大量(后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))a great deal/amount of大量(后跟不可數(shù)名詞)a lot of/plenty of/a quantity of許多；大量(后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞)(1)There are_students in our school.我們學(xué)校有很多學(xué)生。(2)A great number of people_ owned mobile phones nowadays.如今，很多人都擁有了手機(jī)。答案：(1)a great number of(2)have 易混辨析a number of/the number ofa number of意為“許多，大量的”。在number 之前可加large，small，great等表示程度。a number of只修飾可數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 the number of意為“的數(shù)量”。后接可數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 即學(xué)即練單句改錯(cuò)。(1)The number of the students in our school have reached more than 4，000._(2)The number of studies have shown that panies with more women in leadership roles perform financially._(3)Large quantities of water was sent to the area._答案：(1)havehas(2)TheA(3)waswere12It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！句式分析as if(as though)“仿佛；好像”，在句中引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，常跟在特定動(dòng)詞后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。名師點(diǎn)津：as if從句語(yǔ)氣的選擇(1)如果所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或是極有可能發(fā)生的，句子要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。(2)當(dāng)說(shuō)話人所陳述的是不真實(shí)的或極不可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過(guò)去時(shí)(be動(dòng)詞用were)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had done)與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反would/could/mightdo(1)It _ as if she _ an angel.(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)她看上去像一位天使。(2)It _ as if its _ rain.(陳述語(yǔ)氣)天好像要下雨了。答案：(1)seemswere(2)looksgoing to語(yǔ)法拓展as if可以引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，且與事實(shí)相反時(shí)也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；也可與動(dòng)詞不定式連用，意為“似乎要做某事”。 即學(xué)即練單句語(yǔ)法填空。(1)He always talks to me as if he_(be)my brother.(2)She walked slowly as if she_(hurt)her leg.In fact，she was unwilling to go home.(3)Tom raised his hand as if_(say)something.答案：(1)were(2)had hurt(3)to say13All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。句式分析該句是表示部分否定的句型。all.not.not all.，意為“并非所有的都”。當(dāng)not與all，both，everyone，everybody，everything以及“every名詞”出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中時(shí)，不管not在它們之前還是之后都表示部分否定。(1)But _ is happy.并不是每個(gè)人都快樂(lè)。(2)_ historical buildings are attractive.并非所有的歷史建筑物都是吸引人的。語(yǔ)法拓展當(dāng)表示完全否定意義時(shí)，英語(yǔ)中常用no，none，nobody，nothing，no one，neither等詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的肯定式連用來(lái)表達(dá)。(3)_ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次參觀故宮博物院。(4)_ the answers is right.答案都不對(duì)。答案：(1)not everyone(2)Not all(3)Nothing(4)None of 即學(xué)即練單句語(yǔ)法填空。(1)Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do_(2)In fact，not_ man is honest.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。(3)Not all the students went to the movie.All the students_to the movie.(4)Both of the two maths problems are not very difficult._ the two maths problems are very difficult.答案：(1)both(2)every(3)didnt go(4)Not both of14In the farmyard，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在農(nóng)家小院里的雞，甚至豬都緊張得不吃東西。句式分析too.to.太而不能(1)too.to.可以用詞組be not.enough to替換。(2)too.to.前面有only，but，all時(shí)，only too，but too和all too相當(dāng)于very，后面的不定式表示肯定。(3)當(dāng)too.to.用來(lái)修飾表示態(tài)度、情緒、傾向等的形容詞(如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing，kind等)時(shí)，不定式為肯定意義。(1)Li Pings brother is _ young _ join the army.李萍的弟弟太小了，不能去參軍。(2)They were _ hear the news.他們聽到這個(gè)消息非常高興。答案：(1)tooto(2)too glad to 即學(xué)即練句型轉(zhuǎn)換。(1)The child is so young that he cant dress himself.The child is not_himself.The child is_dress himself.完成句子。(2)He is_willing_follow others advice.他極愿意接受別人的意見。(3)The girl is only_ kind _.這個(gè)姑娘非常樂(lè)于幫助我們。答案：(1)old enough to dresstoo young to(2)tooto(3)tooto help us應(yīng)用落實(shí).單句拼寫1When an_(地震)happens，the water in _(井)often rises and falls and _(管道)often_(爆裂)2._(百