2019高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 600分策略 專題1 閱讀理解 考點(diǎn)1 細(xì)節(jié)理解題素能強(qiáng)化.doc

細(xì)節(jié)理解題真題題組A(2017全國，B)I work with Volunteers for Wildlife，a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking； survival is never certain.However，when it works，it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl (貓頭鷹)on the ground.When I arrived，I saw a 2to 3weekold owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雛鳥)and it seemed fine.If I could locate the nest，I might have been able to put it back，but no luck.My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and fortable.I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents，but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults；they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！ The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.And it was acpanied in the nest by the greatest sight of allLUNCH ！ The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.文章大意：這是一篇記敘文，講述了作者作為一個野生動物救助和教育機(jī)構(gòu)的志愿者，成功救助一只貓頭鷹雛鳥的經(jīng)歷。What is unavoidable in the authors rescue work according to paragraph 1？ _A_AEfforts made in vain.BGetting injured in his work.CFeeling uncertain about his future.DCreatures forced out of their homes.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的“Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain”可知，救助野生動物有時會讓人感到心碎，因?yàn)榧词古ν炀人鼈?，也不能保證它們都會活下來。故選A。Why was the author called to Muttontown？ _C_ATo rescue a woman. BTo take care of a woman.CTo look at a baby owl. DTo cure a young owl.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段的“I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl(貓頭鷹)on the ground”可知，這位女士給作者打電話是為了讓他來看一看一只貓頭鷹雛鳥。故選C。What made the chick calm down？ _A_AA new nest. BSome food.CA recording. DIts parents.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的“I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and fortable.it quickly calmed down”可知，作者做的鳥巢非常舒服，所以把這只貓頭鷹雛鳥放進(jìn)去后，它很快安靜下來。故選A。How would the author feel about the oute of the event？ _B_AIts unexpected. BIts beautiful.CIts humorous. DIts discouraging.解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段可知，通過播放貓頭鷹雛鳥饑餓時發(fā)出的叫聲的錄音，這只貓頭鷹雛鳥最終與它的父母團(tuán)聚，而且它的父母開始給它喂食，再結(jié)合第一段最后一句“However，when it works，it is simply beautiful”可判斷，作者付出的努力沒有白費(fèi)，因而結(jié)果是美好的。故選B。B(2017北京，B)Inspiring young minds！TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of childrens publishing，bringing a unique bination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.What is so special about TOKNOW Magazine？Well，it has no ads or promotions insideinstead it is jampacked with serious ideas.TOKNOW makes plex ideas attractive and accessible to children，who can bee involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy(哲學(xué))and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.Whats inside？Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles，experiments and creative things to makethe magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.Sounds too good to be true？Take a look onlineevidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and remend TOKNOW to their friends.Happy Birthday All Year！What could be more fun than a gift that keeps ing through the letterbox every month？ The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.SUBSCRIBE NOWAnnual SubscriptionEurope 55 Rest of World 65Annual Subscription with Gift PackIncludes a Mammoth Map，a Passport Puzzle Booklet，and SubscriptionEurope 60 Rest of World 70Refund Policythe subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.文章大意：這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了TOKNOW雜志的內(nèi)容、訂購價格和退訂等方面的信息。Why is TOKNOW a special magazine？ _D_AIt entertains young parents.BIt provides serious advertisements.CIt publishes popular science fictions.DIt bines fun with plex concepts.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“a unique bination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month”可知，TOKNOW雜志的特殊之處在于它將趣味性與有挑戰(zhàn)性的、復(fù)雜的概念結(jié)合起來。故選D。What does TOKNOW offer its readers？ _B_AOnline courses.BArticles on new topics.CLectures on a balanced life.DReports on scientific discoveries.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Whats inside？部分中的“Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles，experiments and creative things to make”可知，TOKNOW雜志刊載關(guān)于新話題的文章。故選B。How much should you pay if you make a 12month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China. _D_A55. B60. C65. D70.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Annual Subscription with Gift Pack部分中的“Rest of World 70”可知，在中國按年訂購有禮包的TOKNOW雜志需要70。故選D。Subscribers of TOKNOW would get _B_.Afree birthday presents Bfull refund within 28 daysCmembership of the TOKNOW club Dchances to meet the experts in person解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中的“Refund Policythe subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back”可知，28天之內(nèi)退訂的訂購者可以獲得全額退款。故選B。C(2017浙江，B)Getting less sleep has bee a bad habit for most American kids.According to a new survey(調(diào)查) by the National Sleep Foundation，51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights，even though they have to get up early.Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7to 12yearolds said they felt tired during the day，and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.Babies need a lot of rest：most of them sleep about 18 hours a day！ Adults need about eight hours.For most schoolage children，ten hours is ideal(理想的).But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10to 12yearolds get only seven or eight hours.And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime？ Watch TV.“More children are going to bed with TVs on，and there are more opportunities (機(jī)會)to stay awake，with more homework，the Internet and the phone，” says Dr.Mary Carskadon，a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School.She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.Other experts say part of the problem is chemical.Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers bodies develop adult characteristics，but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers，some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to.Three years ago，schools in Edina，Minnesota，changed the start time from 7：25 am to 8：30 am.Students，parents and teachers are pleased with the results.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章指出美國孩子睡眠缺乏的問題，列舉了不同年齡段的孩子所需的睡眠時間、青少年晚睡的原因以及學(xué)校為解決青少年的睡眠問題所采取的措施。What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on？ _A_AAmerican kids sleeping habits.BTeenagers sleeprelated diseases.CActivities to prevent sleeplessness.DLearning problems and lack of sleep.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段列舉的一系列數(shù)字可知，國家睡眠基金會對一定年齡段孩子的睡眠習(xí)慣進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，這也呼應(yīng)了本段第一句“Getting less sleep has bee a bad habit for most American kids.”，故選A項(xiàng)。How many hours of sleep do 11yearolds need every day？ _C_A7 hours. B8 hours.C10 hours. D18 hours.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第四句“For most schoolage children，ten hours is ideal(理想的).”可知選C項(xiàng)。Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon？ _B_AThey are affected by certain body chemicals.BThey tend to do things that excite them.CThey follow their parents examples.DThey dont need to go to school early.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“More children are going to bed with TVs On，and there are more opportunities to stay awake，with more homework，the Internet and the phone.，”以及第二句“.these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.”可知，孩子們在睡覺前看電視、寫作業(yè)、上網(wǎng)或打電話都容易讓他們產(chǎn)生興奮感而不愿意睡覺，故選B項(xiàng)。D(2017全國，A)San Francisco Fire Engine ToursSan_Francisco_Winery_TourRunning：February 1st through April 30thThis delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF.Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in ticket price)Departing from the Cannery：Tour times upon requestDuration (時長)： 2 hoursPrice： $ 90Back_to_the_Fifties_TourRunning： August 16th through August 31 stThis tour transports you back in time to one of San Franciscos most fantastic periods，the 1950s！ Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.Departing from the Cannery：5：00 pm and 7：30 pmDuration ：2 hoursPrice： $ 90Spooky_Halloween_TourRunning： October 10th through October 31 stJoin us for a ride through the historical Presidio district.Authentic fire gear(服裝) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.Departing from the Cannery： 6： 30 pm and 8： 30 pmDuration： 1 hour and 30 minutesPrice： Available upon requestHoliday_Lights_TourRunning：December 6th through December 23rdThis attractive tour takes you to some of San Franciscos most cheerful holiday scenes.Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.Departing from the Cannery：7：00 pm and 9：00 pmDuration： 1 hour and 30 minutesAdvance reservations required.文章大意：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了舊金山的四種消防車之旅。Which of the tours is available in March？ _A_ASan Francisco Winery Tour. BBack to the Fifties Tour.CSpooky Halloween Tour. DHoliday Lights Tour.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。題干問的是三月份可參加的旅行，而第一個項(xiàng)目San Francisco Winery Tour的時間是從2月1日到4月30日。故選A。What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tour？ _C_AGo to Treasure Island. BEnjoy the holiday scenes.CHave free ice cream. DVisit the Presidio district.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。第二個項(xiàng)目Back to the Fifties Tour中提到在San Francisco你能免費(fèi)品嘗冰淇淋。而其他選項(xiàng)在這個旅行中沒有被提到。故選C。What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour？ _D_ATake some drinks.BSet off early in the morning.CWear warm clothes.DMake reservations in advance.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。第四個項(xiàng)目Holiday lights Tour的最后一句話提到“Advance reservations required”，由此可知，該旅行需要提前預(yù)訂。故選D。E(2018全國，D)Weve all been there： in a lift，in line at the bank or on an airplane，surrounded by people who are，like us，deeply focused on their smartphones or，worse，struggling with the unfortable silence.Whats the problem？ Its possible that we all have promised conversational intelligence.Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging，or we think its annoying and unnecessary.But the next time you find yourself among strangers，consider that small talk is worth the trouble.Experts say its an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy，but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation.Small talk is the grease (潤滑劑) for social munication，says Bernardo Carducci，director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk，” he explains.“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others，not just municate with them.”In a 2014 study，Elizabeth Dunn，associate professor of psychology at UBC，invited people on their way into a coffee shop.One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互動) with its waiter； the other，to speak only when necessary.The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.“Its not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband ，” says Dunn.“But interactions with peripheral (邊緣的)members of our social network matter for our wellbeing also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging，a bond with others.Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“Small talk is the basis of good manners，” he says.文章大意：研究表明，閑聊對于人際交往起著重要的作用。What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph？ _C_AAddiction to smartphones.BInappropriate behaviours in public places.CAbsence of munication between strangers.DImpatience with slow service.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。文章第一段描述了在公共場所人們之間不互相交流的現(xiàn)象，本段中的“unfortable silence”與選項(xiàng)C中的“Absence of munication”相呼應(yīng)。What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci？ _B_AShowing good manners.BRelating to other people.CFocusing on a topic.DMaking business deals.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others，not just municate with them”可知，Carducci認(rèn)為成功的閑聊的關(guān)鍵在于學(xué)會與其他人溝通。What does the coffeeshop study suggest about small talk？ _D_AIt improves family relationships.BIt raises peoples confidence.CIt matters as much as a formal talk.DIt makes people feel good.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第三句“The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience”可知，閑聊使得人們感覺良好。故選D項(xiàng)。What is the best title for the text？ _C_AConversation CountsBWays of Making Small TalkCBenefits of Small TalkDUnfortable Silence解析：考查標(biāo)題判斷。通讀全文可知，文章主要討論了閑聊在人際交往中的重要作用。故C項(xiàng)作本文標(biāo)題最佳。模擬題組A(2018石家莊二模)Best Science Books of 2017At its heart，science is about curiosity.So it stands to reason that these books about science should make you examine your world more closely，and in doing so，give you a sense of wonder.Big Chicken，by Maryn McKennaInvestigative journalist Maryn McKenna uses the modern industrial chicken as a window into how antibiotics (抗生素) transformed modern agriculturefor good and ill.She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health，causing serious problems from antibioticresistant stomach infections to UTIs.Recognizing that Americans are going to continue to eat chicken no matter what，McKenna suggests a way in which factory farming rids itself of its dependence on antibiotics.Why Time Flies，by Alan BurdickThe New Yorker staff writer Alan Burdick examines the greatest gift humanity has ever known：time.Time，he writes，appears to exist in two distinct forms.One is the standardized，objective kind found in clocks and watches； the other is our internal，biological sense of time，the one we measure in our cells，bodies and minds.But the closer he looks，the less clear this distinction appears.Paleoart，by Zo LescazeDinosaurs have long captured the imaginations of scientists and artists alike，and Paleoart brings those visions together in a blend of human knowledge and creativity.These images not only show our changing understanding of dinosaurs but also reflect the distinct artistic sensibility of their time.Both artistic and educational，these pictures are certainly influential.What Its Like to Be a Dog，by Gregory BernsBerns，a neuroscientist，trained dogs to sit in a machine in order to look into the brains of conscious dogs for the first time.That pioneering work inspired him to dig deeper into the minds of other animals，from sea lions to the extinct thylacine(袋狼).Berns says，“ With their ability to think，choose and feel，dogs and other animals do not deserve the cruel treatment humans so often do to them.”文章大意：本文是說明文，介紹了2017年四本最佳科學(xué)圖書Big Chicken，Why Time Flies，Paleoart和What Its Like to Be a Dog的作者、簡介等相關(guān)內(nèi)容。Which book has something to do with public health？ _A_ABig Chicken.BWhy Time Flies.CPaleoart.DWhat Its Like to Be a Dog.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞health定位到第一本書Big Chicken。根據(jù)該部分中的“She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health，causing serious problems from antibioticresistant stomach infections to UTIs”可知，這本書是有關(guān)人類健康的。故答案是A。Who writes about time？ _B_AMaryn McKenna. BAlan Burdick.CZo Lescaze.DGregory Berns.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞time定位到第二本書Why Time Flies。根據(jù)書名右側(cè)的“by Alan Burdick”可知答案是B。What was Bern pioneering work？ _C_ATraining dogs.BStudying extinct animals.CObserving dog brains.DFighting for animal rights.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Berns pioneering work定位到第四本書What Its Like to Be a Dog。該部分中的“That pioneering work”指向“in order to look into the brains of conscious dogs for the first time”，故這項(xiàng)開創(chuàng)性的工作是觀察狗的大腦，故答案是C。B(2018太原市二模)Located in Los Angeles，University of Southern California is in the heart of a leading city.Although LA ranks highly in The Economists Safe Cities Inde，navigating any city calls for certain safety precautions(預(yù)防措施) along with practicing mon sense.Mobile Safety App Powered by LiveSafeThe Mobile Safety App powered by LiveSafe，managed by the USC Department of Public Safety and the USC Department of Emergency Planning，is a free downloadable app that mobile users can use to initiate contact with emergency responders around the campus.Features include： immediate “push button” calls to DPS，easy reporting for suspicious activity or crimes in progress，and location services to notify friends of your route through campus.Blue Light Phone LocationsThe University Park has multiple blue light phones that are strategically placed throughout campus.Take note of where the closest ones are on your route.They e in handy in case you lose your phone or in an emergency.These phones are directly connected to USC Department of Public Safetys 24hour munications center.Besides emergency needs，it can also be used to report suspicious activity，request for an escort (護(hù)衛(wèi)者) if you feel unsafe and to report a crime.TrojansAlertTrojansAlert is an emergency notification system that allows university officials to contact you during an emergency by sending messages via text messages or email.When an emergency occurs，authorized USC senders will instantly notify you of realtime updates，instructions on where to go，what to do(or what not to do)，whom to contact and other important information.All members of the USC munity，as well as parents and regular visitors to campus，are strongly encouraged to sign up for TrojansAlert.文章大意：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了洛杉磯南加利福尼亞大學(xué)在校園里采取的一系列安全預(yù)防措施，包括在手機(jī)中免費(fèi)下載安全應(yīng)用軟件、在校園內(nèi)安裝藍(lán)光電話等。What do blue light phones do for students？ _D_AGuide students through campus.BAlert students to crime activities.CLight up the way if students feel unsafe.DConnect them with the safety department.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第四句“These phones are directly connected to USC Department of Public Safetys 24hour munications center”可知，這些藍(lán)光電話和南加利福尼亞大學(xué)公共安全部24小時保持聯(lián)系，故D項(xiàng)正確。How does USC send out instructions during an emergency？ _B_AWith blue light phones.BVia text messages or email.CThrough Mobile Safety App.DBy calling all USC members.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“TrojansAlert is an emergency notification system that allows university officials to contact you during an emergency by sending messages via text messages or email”并結(jié)合第二句內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)發(fā)生緊急情況時，大學(xué)官員將通過發(fā)送電子郵件或短信來聯(lián)系你，故B項(xiàng)正確。What is the purpose of the text？ _C_ATo encourage students to fight crime.BTo introduce USCs safety department.CTo provide safety services for USC students.DTo inform parents of safety risks on campus.解析：考查寫作意圖。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了洛杉磯南加利福尼亞大學(xué)在校園里采取的一系列安全預(yù)防措施，包括在手機(jī)中免費(fèi)下載安全應(yīng)用軟件、在校園內(nèi)安裝藍(lán)光電話等，故C項(xiàng)正確。C(2018廣州市二模)Zoo Exhibit GameEach animal exhibit will have information about the animals located there.You will get to learn about each animals habitat，their conservation status and some oth