2018秋高中英語(yǔ) Unit 5 First aid同步練習(xí) 新人教版必修5.doc

Unit 5 First aid話題誦讀 日積月累導(dǎo)語(yǔ)在別人發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，我們會(huì)盡量去進(jìn)行急救。但是你知道進(jìn)行急救應(yīng)該注意哪些問(wèn)題嗎？Never try and reset(重新安裝)a broken bone.Remember，this is first aidif you are doing this，you are preparing a patient for transport.Unless you are 110% sure of what you are doing，resetting a broken bone runs a strong risk of making things worse.It is dangerous to give aspirin(阿司匹林)to anyone under the age of 16 as it can cause potential damage to the brain and liver before this age.Never，ever put yourself in danger！As much as this seems to lack passion，remember that being a hero，in this case，means nothing if you e back dead.If you arent sure what to do，leave it to the professionals.If its not a life-critical injury，doing the wrong thing can endanger the patient.See the note about training，up above in tips.Do not move the person.It could harm them even more；unless they are in immediate danger.Wait for the ambulance to arrive to take over treatment of the person.Do not touch someone who is being shocked by an electrical current.Turn off the power or use a piece of non-conductive material(eg，wood，dry rope，dry clothing)to separate him from the power source before touching him.Before touching a victim or offering any aid，get consent to treat！Check the laws in your area.If someone has a “Do not resuscitate(使復(fù)蘇)”order，respect it(only if you see proof)If the person is unconscious and at the risk of death or injury，without any known “Do not resuscitate”order，go ahead and treat by implied consent.詞海拾貝1risk n&v.冒險(xiǎn)2potential adj.潛在的3passion n同情4consent n同意，許可問(wèn)題思考1Can an ordinary person reset a broken bone？Why?_2What should you do first to touch someone who is being shocked by an electrical current?_答案：1.No，he cant.Because resetting a broken bone may result in making things worse.2.Turn off the power or use a piece of non-conductive material to separate him from the power source.自主預(yù)習(xí) 步步提高詞匯識(shí)記.為單詞選擇正確的釋義1temporaryA液體2injury B溫柔的；輕微的3liquid C暫時(shí)的；臨時(shí)的4mild D繃帶5electric shock E損傷；傷害6bandage F觸電；電休克7symptom G典禮；儀式8ceremony H癥狀；征兆答案：1.C2.E3.A4.B5.F6.D7.H8.G.根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出單詞1_n&vt.幫助；援助2_n皮；皮膚3_v(使)膨脹；隆起4_adj.生死攸關(guān)的；至關(guān)重要的5_adj.潮濕的6_adj.牢的；緊的7_n勇敢；勇氣8_vt.&vi.涂；搽；應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求答案：1.aid2.skin3.swell4.vital5.damp6.tight7.bravery8.apply.根據(jù)英語(yǔ)釋義寫(xiě)出單詞1_：a substance that causes death or harm if it is swallowed or absorbed into the body2_：a physical object that keeps two areas，people，etc.apart3_：consisting of many different parts and often difficult to understand4_：to press something firmly together with your fingers or hands5_：to make a liquid or other substance flow out of or into a container by holding it at an angle6_：to lose blood7_：a lot of things of the same type that are different from each other in some way8_：to be unable to breathe properly because something is in your throat or there is not enough air答案：1.poison2.barrier3.plex4.squeeze5.pour6.bleed7.variety8.choke.選用短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空f(shuō)irst aid；fall ill；electric shock；squeeze out；stick to；over and over again；in place；pour out1Could you please _ one room for me?2He might _ or meet with some other disasters，so it was always better to be prepared.3He got burnt so badly that his clothes _ his skin.4I warned him _ not to go there at night.5My son likes everything _ before starting to do his homework.6Students were _ when the accident happened.答案：1.squeeze out2.fall ill3.stuck to4.over and over again5.in place6.pouring out.領(lǐng)會(huì)句子所用的句型并譯成漢語(yǔ)1Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other_times_when_giving_first_aid_quickly_can_save_lives._2If_possible，discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations._3So as you can imagine，if your skin gets_burned it can be very serious._4There are three types of burns.Burns are called first，second or third degree burns，depending_on_which_layers_ _of_the_ _skin _are_burned._5Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn._答案：1.這種病或傷害通常不嚴(yán)重，但有一些時(shí)候，迅速急救會(huì)挽救人的性命。2如果可能，討論一下在這些情形下你應(yīng)該實(shí)施什么形式的急救。3因此你可以想象得到，如果你的皮膚燒傷了就可能非常嚴(yán)重。4根據(jù)皮膚燒傷的程度而有一度燒傷、二度燒傷和三度燒傷。5除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則都要把衣服脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀。語(yǔ)篇理解課文表層理解.判斷正(T)誤(F)1The skin is the largest organ of your body.()2First aid should only be given by a professional person.()3There are three types of burns.()4Remove clothing using scissors if it is stuck to the burn.()答案：1.T2.F3.T4.F.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題1How many layers does the skin consist of?_2What can cause burns?_3Why doesnt a third degree burn hurt?_4Whats the main idea of the text?_答案：1.Three layers.2Hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity，chemicals.3Because nerves can be damaged.4The burns and the first aid treatment.根據(jù)對(duì)文章的理解，試著將下面表格補(bǔ)充完整(每空一詞)The impor- tance of the skinAn 1._ part of your body and its largest organ.Acting as a(n) 2._ against disease，poisons and the suns harmful rays.Keeping you warm or cool.Preventing your body from 3._ too much water.Giving you your sense of 4._.BurnsCausesHot 5._，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or chemicals.Types and charact-eristicsFirst degree burnsDry，red and mildly swollenMildly painfulTurn white when 6._Second degree burnsRough，red and swollenBlisters7._ surfaceExtremely painfulThird degree burnsBlack and white and charred8._；often tissue under them can be seenLittle or no pain if nerves are 9._；may be pain around edges of injured areaBurnsFirst aid treatmentCool 10._ with cool but not icy water at once.Place cool，clean，wet cloths on the 11._ area over and over again for about an hour.Send the victim to the 12._ at once.If needed，take any possible measures.答案：1.essential2.barrier3.losing4.touch5.liquids6.pressed7.Watery8.Swollen9.damaged10.burns11.burned12.hospital/doctor課文深層理解.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選擇最佳選項(xiàng)1The largest organ of your body is the _AbrainBmouthCstomach Dskin2Which of the following is NOT the function of the skin according to the text?AIt protects you against disease，poisons and the suns harmful rays.BIt helps the heart beat.CIt can keep you warm or cool.DIt prevents your body from losing too much water and gives you the sense of touch.3What is the RIGHT treatment for the first degree burns?AGet the victim to the doctor or hospital.BPut butter，oil or ointments on burns as they dont keep the heat in the wounds and may decrease infection.CKeep cloths cool by putting them back in the cold water.DPlace cool，clean，wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad.4If someone gets burned and his hands get black and white and charred，it belongs to _Afirst degree burns Bsecond degree burnsCthird degree burns Dnone of the above5The writer writes this passage mainly to tell us_Athe burns and the first aid treatmentBthe characteristics of burnsCthe function of the skinDhow to carry out the first aid for burns答案：1.D2.B3.D4.C5.A.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容回答下列問(wèn)題1What are the functions of our skin?_2How many causes of burns can you name?_3Why should you put burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes?_4Why doesnt a third degree burn hurt?_5Why do you think clothes and jewelry near burns should be removed?_6How can you deal with second degree burns?_7If someone has a third degree burn，why might you see tissue?_答案：1.The skin acts as a barrier against disease，poisons and the sun rays.It keeps us warm or cool，prevents our body from losing too much water，offers us our senses of cold，heat，pain and touch.2There are a variety of causes，for example，we can get burned by hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or chemicals.3The gently running water stops the burning process，stops the pain and prevents the pain from being unbearable and reduces swelling.4Because in a third degree burn the nerves have been damaged.If there are no nerves，there is no pain.5Because (if we do not take off the clothes and jewelry，) bacteria from them could infect the burns.6We can keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and putting them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.7Because all layers of the skin have been burnt showing the tissue underneath.知識(shí)聚焦 講練互動(dòng)要點(diǎn)直擊1aid nU幫助；援助；資助；救援物資C輔助用品vt.幫助；援助；資助(教材原句P33)First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到醫(yī)生之前對(duì)突然生病或受傷的人提供的一種臨時(shí)的救助。 歸納拓展(1)first aid急救in aid of. 為了幫助e to ones aid 幫助某人with the aid of. 在的幫助下(2)aid sb幫助某人做We can travel with the aid of a good map.我們可以靠著好的地圖旅行。Whats this little handle in aid of?這個(gè)小把手有什么用？ 即學(xué)即練完成句子。He _ the poor _ money.他用錢幫助窮人。They _ the problem.他們幫忙解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。介詞填空。He was too busy to e _ my aid.They are collecting money _ aid of rare-earth research._ the aid of a pass the traveler can find his bearings(方位)Thank you for aiding me _ the work.答案：aidedwithaided in solvingtoinWithwith2variety nC，U變化；多樣(化)；多變(性)(教材原句P34)You can get burned by a variety of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation(by being close to high heat or fire，etc)，the sun，electricity or chemicals.你可能由于各種原因而被燒傷：灼熱的液體、水蒸氣、火、輻射(由于靠近高溫或大火等)、陽(yáng)光、電或化學(xué)物品。 歸納拓展(1)a variety ofvarieties of各種各樣的(2)various adj.a variety of/varieties of各種各樣的；不同種類的(3)vary vt.&vi.變化；使多樣化vary with.隨而變化vary from.to.從到不等；在到之間變動(dòng)The library provides us students with a wide variety of books.圖書(shū)館為我們學(xué)生提供各種各樣的書(shū)籍。It must be difficult to play various personas in the same movie.在同一個(gè)電影中扮演不同的角色肯定不容易。 即學(xué)即練用vary/variety/various填空或完成句子。There are wide _ of flowers in the park.As in China，the climate in Canada _ from area to area.He has collected a large number of coins of _ shapes and colours.The garden offers _ attractions.這花園有各種各樣的景觀。There are _ of cooking rice.做米飯有各種不同的方法。His mood _他的情緒每天都有變化。答案：varietiesvariesvariousa variety ofvarious waysvaries from day to day3take off脫下；拿掉；起飛；離開(kāi)；取消(教材原句P34)Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.取掉靠近燒傷面的其他衣物和首飾。 歸納拓展take after追趕take along帶去take around帶領(lǐng)四處 take away拿走take back帶回；歸還 take up占用；從事take in欺騙；吸收 take on雇用；呈現(xiàn)take out帶出；除去 take over繼承；接管學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥take off表示“起飛”時(shí)，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)。The plane takes off at 7：00.飛機(jī)7點(diǎn)起飛。take off表示“起飛”時(shí)，其反義詞為land；表示“脫掉，取下”時(shí)，反義詞組為put on。同學(xué)們記憶單詞、短語(yǔ)時(shí)要多采用聯(lián)想記憶法，多想想它們的同義詞、反義詞、形似詞等，然后加以比較，這樣記憶才深刻。(1)However hot it is，he will not take off his coat.無(wú)論多熱，他都不會(huì)脫掉外套。(2)The plane took off an hour late.飛機(jī)起飛晚了1小時(shí)。(3)The show was taken off because of poor audience figures.該劇因不賣座(觀眾數(shù)量可憐)而停演了。 即學(xué)即練單句語(yǔ)法填空(每空1詞)。When the delayed flight will take _ depends much on the weather.I asked you not to put hot cups on the piano.Take them _ at once，please!He took _ the telephone receiver and began to dial.The old factory has taken _ a new look since Chinas reform and opening up.答案：offoff/awayupon4in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；恰?dāng)(教材原句P35)Hold the bandage in place with tape.用膠布把繃帶固定。 歸納拓展out of place不合適；不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢胕n ones place代替某人in place of代替take the place of代替take place發(fā)生in the first place首先；起初；第一；本來(lái)take ones place就位；就職；代替某人Im afraid your proposal is not quite in place.恐怕你的提議不太恰當(dāng)。 即學(xué)即練完成句子。Her dress was out _ place at the ceremony.她的服裝不適合在典禮上穿。We can use plastics _ place of wood or metal.我們可以用塑料來(lái)代替木材或金屬。Ill take the place of my colleague on a temporary assignment.Ill _ on a temporary assignment.我將代替我同事去執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)臨時(shí)任務(wù)。I still dont understand why you chose that name _我仍不明白你起初為什么取了那個(gè)名字。答案：ofintake my colleagues placein the first place5vital adj.至關(guān)重要的；生死攸關(guān)的(教材原句P35)If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果屬于二度或三度燒傷，就必須立即把患者送去看醫(yī)生或送往醫(yī)院。 歸納拓展vital adj.至關(guān)重要的；生死攸關(guān)的be vital to/for.對(duì)是至關(guān)重要的It is vital to do.做很重要It is vital that.是十分重要的(從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略)(1)This matter is of vital importance to us.這件事對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)至關(guān)重要。(2)They have made some vital decisions about their future.他們已對(duì)將來(lái)做出了一些重要決定。(3)Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.對(duì)我們所有人而言體諒他人是極其重要的。學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥It is vital that.句式中，that從句需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”。類似的句式還有：It is necessary/natural/ important/ strange/essential that. 即學(xué)即練完成句子。Perseverance is vital _ success.毅力對(duì)于成功來(lái)說(shuō)是至關(guān)重要的。His support is vital _ our project.他的支持對(duì)我們的計(jì)劃是至關(guān)重要的。_ to the injured man.對(duì)這位傷者實(shí)施急救是至關(guān)重要的。_ the operation immediately.我們應(yīng)立刻開(kāi)始手術(shù)，因?yàn)檫@生死攸關(guān)。答案：toforIt was vital to give first aidIts vital that we(should)carry out應(yīng)用落實(shí).單句改錯(cuò)每句中有1處錯(cuò)誤，找出并改正。1The boss squeezed the last drop of blood out the worker._2John hasnt recovered yet since he fall ill last week._3My headteacher has told me over and over again not to get addicted puter games._4Youd better put things back in the place.Otherwise，it will be difficult to find things._5The hall，which is often the case，bees very crowded._6It is no doubt that China is playing a more and more important part in the world._答案：1.out后加of或out改為from2.fall改為fell3.addicted后加to4.去掉the5.which改為as6.It改為There.單句語(yǔ)法填空在每句空白處填上合適的內(nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1There are _(various)of flowers shown in the park and _(various)people go to have a look.2They _(poison)the _(poison)snake by using a special kind of powder.3The famous _(electricity)engineer always repairs _(electricity)machines for the factory.4My toothache is _(bear)，so I must go to see the dentist.5He _(honour)with an award for excellence in teaching.6He won a medal for his _(brave)in the battle，which was admirable and unforgettable.7The nurse applied _(press)to his arm to stop the bleeding.8Though _(surround)，the soldiers didnt give up.9Having checked the doors were closed，and _ all the lights were off，the boy opened the door to his bedroom.10It is in this office _ they will have a meeting tomorrow.答案：1.varietiesvarious2.poisonedpoisonous3.electricalelectric4.unbearable5.was honoured6.bravery7.pressure8.surrounded9.that10.that.語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)法填空熟讀課文，然后在下文每個(gè)空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。The skin is an essential part of your body and 1._ largest organ.You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier 2._ disease，poisons and the suns harmful rays.3._ you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.First aid is 4._ very important first step in the 5._(treat) of burns.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it 6._ (stick) to the burn.Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water.It is best to place burns under gently 7._ (run) water for about 10 minutes.For first degree burns，place cool，clean，wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad.For second degree burns，keep cloths cool 8._ putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and placing them on the 9._ (burn) area over and over again for about an hour 10._the pain is not so bad.答案：1.its2.against3.As4.a5.treatment6.is stuck7.running8.by9.burned10.until語(yǔ)法突破 觸類旁通語(yǔ)法精講省略例句觀察觀察下列從Reading中選取的句子，體會(huì)句中省略的部分。The skin is an essential part of your body and(it is)its largest organ.There are three types of burns.Burns are called first(degree burns)，second (degree burns) or third degree burns.Examples include mild sunburn and burns(which are) caused by touching a hot pan，stove or iron for a moment.These burns are serious and(these burns)take a few weeks to heal.Remove clothing using scissors if(it is)necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.If burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，if(it is)possible.自我總結(jié)在以上句中，為了避免重復(fù)，保持句子簡(jiǎn)潔，括號(hào)部分都可_，這樣的句子叫_。答案：省略省略句歸納用法一、省略的定義省略是一種避免重復(fù)、保持句子簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象。凡是缺少一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的必要語(yǔ)言成分，在一定語(yǔ)境中能夠獨(dú)立存在，意義明確，并且能發(fā)揮交際功能的句子就是省略句。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，只要不破壞語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或者引起歧義，能省略的就應(yīng)省略。省略不僅使句子結(jié)構(gòu)顯得緊湊，而且也是分句和分句之間的承接紐帶。二、省略的用法1并列句中的省略。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，在后一并列句中凡是與上文相同的成分通常都可省略。My room is on the fifth floor，and hers(is)on the eighth(floor)我的房間在五樓，而她的在八樓。I came at eight but Henry(came)at nine.我8點(diǎn)來(lái)的，但亨利是在9點(diǎn)來(lái)的。2復(fù)合句中的省略。(1)定語(yǔ)從句。如果關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，這個(gè)關(guān)系代詞可以省略。Here is the man(whom)youve been looking for.這位就是你一直在找的人。Hes the man(who/that)you can safely depend on.他是你能放心信賴的人。(2)狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，且狀語(yǔ)從句中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，省略狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。When(the novel is)published，the novel will bee one of the best sellers of the year.那本小說(shuō)出版的時(shí)候就會(huì)成為當(dāng)年的暢銷書(shū)之一。Although(he was) hard-working，he couldnt earn enough to support himself.盡管努力工作，他的收入還是不夠自己糊口。(3)賓語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的that一般情況下，可以省略。若that后面的賓語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng)或在其他一些特殊情況下，that不能省略。I hope(that)youll be fine soon.我希望你盡快康復(fù)。Now scientists warn that if not under control，the unseen energy waves，“electric smog”，may be hazardous to our health.現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家警告說(shuō)，有一種肉眼看不到的能量波，即“電子煙塵”，如果不加以控制，就可能危害人類的健康。(4)主省略句。有時(shí)整個(gè)主句都可省略，只剩下一個(gè)從句。這種省略現(xiàn)象通常出現(xiàn)在簡(jiǎn)短答語(yǔ)中。A：You all like the story?B：Yes，except that the conclusion is too hasty.A：你們都喜歡這個(gè)故事？B：是的，只是結(jié)尾太倉(cāng)促。3虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的省略。(1)虛擬條件句常省略if，而將were，had，should提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。Had you e here yesterday，you would have met her.如果你昨天來(lái)這兒的話，你就會(huì)見(jiàn)到她了。(2)在一堅(jiān)持(insist)，二命令(order，mand)，三建議(suggest，propose，advise)，四要求(demand，require，request，ask)等后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，含這些詞的派生詞的其他主語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句，以及It is strange/natural/necessary/important that.從句中常省略should。We insisted that they(should)go with us.我們堅(jiān)決要求