2019-2020年高一英語(yǔ) 高效課堂 B1M5預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)案 外研版（學(xué)生版）.doc

2019-2020年高一英語(yǔ) 高效課堂 B1M5預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)案 外研版（學(xué)生版）1. expand vi.膨脹，擴(kuò)張 vt.使膨脹，使擴(kuò)張，使擴(kuò)大expandinto 把擴(kuò)展/擴(kuò)充為expand on/upon 詳述，對(duì)作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明(1) 那位作者把他的短篇小說(shuō)擴(kuò)展為長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)。The writer expanded his short novel into a long one.(2) There is no need to expand on the plan.2. conclusion n. 結(jié)論 conclude v. 得出結(jié)論；結(jié)束e to/ arrive at/ reach/ draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論jump to a conclusion 匆忙下結(jié)論bring sth. to a conclusion 使結(jié)束in conclusion 最后；總之（1） 我將盡快結(jié)束這個(gè)故事。I will bring my story quickly to a conclusion.（2） 最后，我要感謝你為我所做的一切。In conclusion, Id like to thank you for all youve done for me.Rabbits and foxes are mon in the countryside.(1) Housing prices in Beijing are out of reach for ordinary people.(2) The doctor said the childs temperature was normal.(3) The sweethearts in love meet once a week at the usual place.3. addto 往加入花園為這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)增添了美麗。 The garden adds much beauty to the town.add to (=increase) 增加； 增添add up sth. (= add sth. together) 把某物加起來(lái)add up to (= e to = total) 共計(jì)；共達(dá)Every failure one meets with adds to ones experience. 吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights.His whole school education added up to no more than one year.4. think of 想象；考慮這幅畫使我想起了過(guò)去。 The picture made me think of my past.think highly/much/well of 對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)很高think poorly/little/ill of 對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)不高think of as 把看做think about 考慮，思考think over 仔細(xì)考慮 What do you think of? 你認(rèn)為怎么樣？老師對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)很高。 The teacher thinks highly of him.他希望有更多的時(shí)間把情況考慮周全。 Hed like more time to think things over.5. Two-thirds of the earths surface is water.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+ of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與of 后的名詞一致。One-third of these jobs are held by women.瓶中三分之一的水是他喝的。 One-third of the water in the bottle was drunk by him.Three-fourths of the buildings _ destroyed in the earthquake.A. was B. has C. were D. have6. Here is a table 以here, there, in, out, up, down, away, back, now, then等副詞開(kāi)頭的句子里，如果主語(yǔ)是名詞，常用全部倒裝。男孩子們沖了出來(lái)。Out rushed the boys.接下來(lái)下了三天大雨。 Then followed three days of heavy rain.7. balance n. C 天平；U 平衡 v. 權(quán)衡，對(duì)比，使平衡keep ones balance 保持平衡 lose ones balance 失去平衡in the balance 懸而未決；（結(jié)果）未定 the balance of nature 生態(tài)平衡8. astonished adj. 吃驚的；驚愕的be astonished at 對(duì)感到驚訝 be astonished to do sth. 因做某事感到驚訝be astonished that 因感到驚訝astonishment n. 驚訝 in astonishment 吃驚地，驚訝地to ones astonishment 令某人感到驚訝的是astonishing adj. 令人吃驚的我的父母聽(tīng)到我的消息后感到驚訝。My parents were astonished at my news.在這里看到他父親，他感到很吃驚。He was astonished to see his father here.他考試沒(méi)及格，這使我感到很驚訝。Im astonished that he didnt pass the exam.令我們驚訝的是，他沒(méi)參加講座。To our astonishment, he didnt go to the lecture.GrammarDegrees of parison一、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)1. “the +比較級(jí), the +比較級(jí)“：表示“越越”The sooner you see a doctor, the better it is.你越早看醫(yī)生越好。The longer I waited， the less patient I became.我等的越久就變得越不耐煩。2. the +序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞：表示“第幾大的”This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson。這是邁克爾杰克遜第三受歡迎的歌曲。高考真題：1. (01上海卷) In recent years travel panies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go , _ 。A. our holidays will be better B. our holiday will be the betterC. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be2. (02上海卷) As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, _。A. the more for life you are equipped B. the more equipped for life you areC. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life答案：1. C 2. B二、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)1.常見(jiàn)的比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)有：much, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, even, will, still, a bit, a little, rather, any, far larger thanThis movie is far more interesting than I expected.這部電影比我原想的有意思的多。2. all the +比較級(jí)：愈來(lái)愈I worked all the harder.我工作愈來(lái)愈努力了。3.常見(jiàn)的最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)有：序數(shù)詞，by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really等He is almost the best player.他基本上是最好的選手。4. any修飾比較級(jí)只用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句Can you do any better on this job?你這件事情能不能做得更好些？高考真題：1. (06江蘇卷) I wish youd do _ talking and some more work. Thus things will bee better。A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more2. (07全國(guó)卷II ) After two years research, we now have a _ better understanding of the disease。A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite3. (08全國(guó)卷I) Youre driving too fast. Can you drive _?A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit moreC. a bit more slowly D. slowly more bit答案：1. A 2. B 3. C三、表達(dá)倍數(shù)的常用結(jié)構(gòu)1.數(shù)詞+times+as+形容詞原級(jí)+asThis room is twice as big as that one.這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。2.數(shù)詞+times+形容詞比較級(jí)+thanThis room is twice bigger than that one.這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。3.數(shù)詞+times+性質(zhì)名詞+of (性質(zhì)名詞主要有：length, size, height, weight, depth等)This room is twice the size of that one.這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。4. (not)half+as+形容詞原級(jí)+asThis room is half as big as that one.這房間的面積是那間的一半。高考真題：1. (03北京卷) Our neighbor has _ours。A. as a big house as B. as big a house asC. the same big house as D. a house the same big as2. (05湖北卷)What a table ! Ive never seen such a thing before .It is it is long。A.half not as wide as B.wide not as half asC.not half as wide as D.as wide as not half3. (08浙江卷) I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times_。A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many4. (08陜西卷) Ten years ago the population of our village was that of theirs。A. as twice large as B. twice as large asC. twice as much as D. as twice much as5. (09四川卷)My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours , but it is twice _ expensive 。A. as B. so C. too D. very6. (09遼寧卷)Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks, but it cost his。A. as much twice as B. twice as much asC. much as twice as D. as twice much as7. (09四川卷)My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours , but it is twice _ expensive 。A. as B. so C. too D. very8. (09江西卷)According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _a woman。A. than B. such C. so D. as9. (09遼寧卷)Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks, but it cost _ his。A. as much twice as B. twice as much asC. much as twice as D. as twice much as10. (08浙江卷) I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times_。A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A四、比較級(jí)與冠詞的搭配1.不含than的比較級(jí)前可加不定冠詞修飾，構(gòu)成“ a/an+比較級(jí)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“一個(gè)更的人/物”。Why dont you use a sharper knife? 你為什么不用一把更鋒利的刀呢？2.被比較者被明確特指時(shí)，比較級(jí)前面應(yīng)該加定冠詞“the”修飾。Which is the younger one, Lily or Lucy? 哪一個(gè)年齡小一些，莉莉還是魯西？高考真題：1. (02全國(guó)卷) Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _IQ。A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest2. (05山東卷)Mr. Smith owns _ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met。A. larger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large3. (06四川卷) -Did you enjoy yourself at the party?- Yes. Ive never been to _ one before。A. a more excited B. the most excitedC. a more exciting D. the most exciting4. (06全國(guó)II卷) Your story is perfect; Ive never heard _ before。A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one5. (06安徽卷) Of the two sisters, Betty is _ one, and she is also the one who loves to be quite。A. a younger B. a youngest C. the younger D. the youngest答案：1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. C五、比較級(jí)和同級(jí)比較1. as +原級(jí)+ as : 和一樣The room is as big as that one.這間房子和那間一樣大。2. as many/much/far/long as +具體數(shù)詞：到達(dá)某種程度The number of the students in that school reaches as many as 4,000.那所學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)量多達(dá)4ooo人。3. as as中間有名詞時(shí)采用以下格式：1) as +形容詞+ a/an +單數(shù)名詞+asHe is as kind a person as his father.他和他爸爸一樣都是善良的人。2) as + many/much+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+asI can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少紙，我也能。I have as many books as you do.我的書和你的一樣多。高考真題：1. (01全國(guó)卷) It is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science。A. as art much as B. much an art asC. as an art much as D. as much an art as2. (04上海卷)He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _ a native speaker。A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than3. (05安徽卷)John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself。A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eightC. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as4. (06上海卷) A typhoon swept across this area with heavy rains and winds _ strong as 113 miles per hour。A. too B. very C. so D. as答案：1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)看起來(lái)復(fù)雜，其實(shí)只要掌握其中規(guī)律，理清頭緒，就比較容易掌握了。同學(xué)們一定要反復(fù)牢記規(guī)則，真正理解，并通過(guò)做練習(xí)來(lái)鞏固。比較等級(jí)的程度狀語(yǔ)(1)表示一方比另一方“強(qiáng)/大/高得多”時(shí)，比較結(jié)構(gòu)前加much, far, a lot, a great deal等He did much better than I in maths. (2)表示一方比另一方“一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”，通常用a bit, a little, slightly 等修飾 He behaved a bit better than her in the petition. She came a little earlier than I this morning. Exercises: (1) How much _ she looked without her glasses!A. well B. good C. best D. better (2) Youre driving too fast. Can you drive _? A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more a bit