大學(xué)英語精讀1 -- 復(fù)習(xí)提綱

1. 單詞absorb吸收， 汲取dissuade勸阻acquaintance了解，認(rèn)識(shí)，熟人drag拖，拉assign分配（任務(wù)）給某人following接著的，下列的command掌握，運(yùn)用能力fortunately幸運(yùn)地，幸虧communicate交流情況，溝通moreover此外，而且complain抱怨nearby在附近c(diǎn)oncentrate (on)集中注意力，專心nightmare噩夢(mèng)constant經(jīng)常的，不斷的previously以前diligence勤勉，用功retire退休enlarge擴(kuò)大，放大，變大undoubtedly無疑地environment環(huán)境voyage航海，航行frequent(ly)時(shí)常發(fā)生的，頻繁的waken喚醒，醒來handle處理，對(duì)付，控制all by oneself獨(dú)自地nevertheless然而，盡管如此be determined (to do sth.)決心（做某事）opportunity機(jī)會(huì)by far得多process過程can not help禁不住purchase購買give up放棄reliable可靠的in spite of 盡管，雖然rely (on)依賴，信賴set out著手，開始source來源turn over(使)翻到，(使)傾覆strategy策略arrange安排summarize總結(jié)bunch(一)束，(一)串a(chǎn)part from除外decade十年at a time每次，一次disappointment失望be bound to 肯定會(huì)efficient高效的by no means決不endure忍受，忍耐commit to memory記住extra額外的feel free隨意medal獎(jiǎng)?wù)耭or instance例如minor較小的，次要的in addition to除外occasion時(shí)刻，時(shí)機(jī)，場(chǎng)合in detail詳細(xì)地postman郵差on a basis在的基礎(chǔ)上primary最初的，首要的，根本的over and over again反復(fù)，多次rare罕見的，不常發(fā)生的put into practice把付諸實(shí)踐reluctantly不情愿地，勉強(qiáng)地seek out尋找，找出spot點(diǎn)，斑點(diǎn)watch out for密切注意tremble顫抖accomplish完成after all畢竟，終究cancer癌at other times在別的時(shí)候，平時(shí)conquer征服be sure of 對(duì)有把握，確信contact聯(lián)系，接觸look after照料，照顧cover行過（一段距離）pick up 拿起，撿起device設(shè)備，裝置round the corner在附近的，即將來臨的2. 短語at other times在別的時(shí)候；平時(shí)aound/around the corner在附近的，即將來臨的look after照料；照顧after all 畢竟；終究be sure of 對(duì)。有把握，確信pick up拿起，撿起generation gap代溝in part在一定程度上，部分地grow up成長，長大bring together使相聚come up with想出，提出at first glance乍一看，最除考慮時(shí)have a ball玩得開心burst into突然想起to sb.'s astonishment令人驚訝的是at random任意地，胡亂地work on從事于，致力于fit in安排時(shí)間做（某事）或見（某人）here and there這兒那兒，各處set one's mind on/to決心要，一心想3. 運(yùn)用不同的詞性1） evidence(明顯，n.), evident(明顯的，adj.), evidently(明顯地，adv.)a. Do you have any evidence that Charles stole the jewels (寶石) ？b. Evidently, there is no one at home. The lights are out.c. It is evident that the elderly gentleman has been greatly hurt and will never come back to the store to sample puddings any more.d. The old lady looked at her daughter with evident pride.2） kindness(善良，n.), kind(善良的，adj.), kindly(善良地，adv.)a. Its very kind of you to invite me to tea.b. Would you kindly turn down the radio?c. Kindness is one of the qualities we would look for in a friend.d. The policeman treated the lost child very kindly. 3）eagerness(渴望，迫切，n.)，eager(渴望的，迫切的，adj.), eagerly(渴望地，迫切地，adv.)a. The old man began eagerly to sample one after another of the puddings as soon as he accepted the spoon.b. He is always eager to see new places and keen (渴望的) to meet new people.c. They looked forward to the occasion with great eagerness.d. All the children listened to the story with eager attention.4）sincerity(真摯，n.), sincere(真摯的，adj.), sincerely(真摯地，adv.)a. Was the narrator sincere in his offer to purchase a pudding for the old man?b. The narrator sincerely wished that he could take his tactless words.c. I may say in all sincerity that I did not mean to hurt you.d. Please give my sincere regards to all the members of your family.5）occasion(場(chǎng)合，n.), occasional(偶爾的，adj.), occasionally(偶爾地，adv.)a. We had fine weather all through July except for an occasional thunderstorm.b. Prof. Wilsons daughter teaches at a high school in California, and she occasionally files to New York to see him.c. I cant recall the occasion, but I did meet her before.d. In the past two years, Myra has come to see her mother only occasionally.6）surprise(使驚奇，v.), surprise(驚奇，n.), surprising(令人驚訝的,adj.), surprised(感到驚訝的，adv), surprisingly(令人驚訝地,adv.)a. I was surprised to hear that Tom had failed his exam.b. Aunt Sophia paid us a surprise visit last Sunday.c. Surprisingly our team lost for the first time in ten years.d. The news surprised all of us.e. It is not surprising that Jack got fired he was always daydreaming at work.f. A look of surprise came into his eyes as he read the telegram (電報(bào)).7）please(使喜歡，v.), pleasure(愉快，n.), pleasant(令人愉快的，adj.), pleasing(令人高興的，adj.), pleasantly(令人愉快地，adv.)a. I was pleasantly surprised to find it so easy to pick up new words while reading simplified novels.b. Youll soon find it isnt an easy job to try and please everybody in the office.c. It was particularly pleasing to be in this wild area, and to enjoy the unique feelings of peace that only mountains can inspire.d. Dr. Wang takes great pleasure in helping children to learn painting.e. It was pleasant to sit down in the shade after standing for hours in the sun.8）admire(贊美，羨慕，v.), admiration(贊美，羨慕，n.), admirable(令人欽佩的，adj.), admiring(贊賞的，欽佩的，adj.), admired(贊美的，欽佩的，adj.), admiringly(欽佩地，羨慕地，adv.)a. All those who know him admire him for his frankness (坦白，率直). b. If our admiration is true, genuine, and progressive we will in the end come to admire the good and cease to admire the bad.c. There is nothing so admirable as a man who sacrifices his life and happiness for others.d. He never wrote entirely admiring reviews: “Its the essence (本質(zhì)) of a book never to be perfect,” he said, “so its writer must expect to come in for a little criticism.”e. He came into the sitting-room, where he looked round admiringly at my furniture and books.f. For twenty years, in fact, he was the most active and admired humanist(人文學(xué)者) in the world.9）astonish(使驚訝，v.), astonishment(驚訝，n.), astonishing(可驚訝的，adj.), astonished(驚訝的，adj.), astonishingly(可驚訝地，adv.)a. Lawson, while neither tactful (機(jī)敏的) nor popular, was astonishingly successful for a long period.b. She coped with the press with astonishing skill for someone who was just nineteen years old.c. To his astonishment, Judy threw her arms about him and hugged and kissed him.d. Why, Mamma, I could astonish you with a great many words you never heard in your life.e. “I work there,” he replied simply, and when he saw her astonished expression he set his glass down and began to explain.4. 中譯英(translation)1. 據(jù)報(bào)道，那條鐵路曾因洪水而停止修建。It was reported that the building of the railway had been held up by a flood.2. 罷工結(jié)束，資方接受了工人的要求。The strike resulted in the management is accepting the workers demands.3. 煤礦工人們決定為爭(zhēng)取更好的工作條件舉行罷工。The coalminers decided to go on strike for better working condition.4. 我很想買這本英文詞典，遺憾的是我身上帶的錢不夠。I really want to buy this English dictionary, but unfortunately, I didnt have enough money on me.5. 我想先和你討論一下這篇文章的英譯稿，然后再把它寄給霍布斯先生。I would like to talk over with you about the English translation of the article, before sending it to Mr. Hobbs.6. 那位外國專家希望在三年內(nèi)達(dá)到所有的目標(biāo)。The foreign expert hopes to achieve all his aims in 3 years.7. 一個(gè)科學(xué)家要跟上本領(lǐng)域的新發(fā)展，你認(rèn)為必須做些什么？What do you think a scientist must do in order to keep up with the latest development in his field?8. 作者認(rèn)為，如果優(yōu)秀工人經(jīng)常得到加薪和提拔，他們就會(huì)有更大的生產(chǎn)積極性。The author thinks that if the excellent workers get frequent pay increases and promotions they will havegreater incentive to produce. 5、英譯中1、There was great excitement on the planet of Venus this week. For the first time Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the planet Earth,and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since. 本周金星上異常群情激動(dòng)。金星上的科學(xué)家首次把一顆衛(wèi)星成功地送上了地球，此后衛(wèi)星便不斷地發(fā)回信號(hào)和照片。2、The satellite was directed into an area known as Manhattan (named after the great Venusian astronomer Prof. Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20,000 light years ago). 衛(wèi)星對(duì)準(zhǔn)發(fā)射的地區(qū)叫曼哈頓（是以金星上偉大的天文學(xué)家曼哈頓教授命名的，在兩萬光年之前該教授用望遠(yuǎn)鏡首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)地區(qū)）。3、Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals,Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the feasibility of a manned flying saucer landing on Earth. A press conference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology. 由于天氣條件極為有利，信號(hào)極為清晰，金星科學(xué)家們從而獲得了有關(guān)載人飛碟能否在地球上著陸的寶貴資料。于是，在金星理工學(xué)院舉行了一次記者招待會(huì)。4、“We have come to the conclusion, based on last week's satellite landing, “Prof. Zog said, “that there is no life on Earth.“ “根據(jù)上周發(fā)射的衛(wèi)星所提供的資料，”佐格教授說，“我們已經(jīng)得出結(jié)論：地球上沒有生命?！?、“How do you know this?” the science reporter of the Venus Evening Star asked. “這您是怎么知道的呢?”金星晚報(bào)的科學(xué)記者問。6、“For one thing, Earth's surface in the area of Manhattan is composed of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. For another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe this air and survive.”“首先，曼哈頓地區(qū)的地球表面均由堅(jiān)固的混凝土構(gòu)成，那里什么東西也無法生長。另外，大氣層中充滿了一氧化碳和其他致命的氣體，任何人呼吸了這種空氣都不可能幸存下來?！?、“What does this mean as far as our flying saucer program is concerned?”“這對(duì)我們的飛碟計(jì)劃來說又意味著什么呢?”8、“We shall have to take our own oxygen with us, which means a much heavier flying saucer than we originally planned.”“這意味著我們必須隨身攜帶我們所需要的氧氣，這樣一來，飛碟就要比我們?cè)扔?jì)劃的重很多?！?、“Are there any other hazards that you discovered in your studies?”“你們?cè)谘芯恐杏袥]有發(fā)現(xiàn)其他什么危險(xiǎn)呢?”10、“Take a look at this photo. You see this dark black cloud hovering over the surface of Earth? We call this the Consolidated Edison Belt. We don't know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot of trouble and we shall have to make further tests before we send a Venus Being there.”“請(qǐng)看這張照片。諸位看到在地球表面上方飄浮的這片深黑色的云層嗎?我們把它叫做愛迪生聯(lián)合電氣公司帶。雖然我們還不知道它含有什么成分，但是它很可能會(huì)給我們帶來許多麻煩，我們還必須做更多的試驗(yàn)，然后才能把金星人送往地球。11、“Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink. This means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer.”“這邊，諸位可以看到像是一條河似的東西，不過衛(wèi)星探測(cè)的結(jié)果表明它已被污染，河水不適于飲用。這意味著我們必須自己帶水，這就會(huì)給飛碟增加更多的重量?！?2、 “Sir, what are all those tiny black spots on the photographs?”“先生，照片上那些小小的黑點(diǎn)是什么？13、”“We're not certain They seem to be metal particles that move along certain paths. They emit gases, make noise and keep crashing into each other. There are so many of these paths and so many metal particles that it is impossible to land a flying saucer without its being smashed by one.”“我們也不清楚。它們好像是一些沿著某些軌道運(yùn)動(dòng)的金屬微粒。它們排放氣體，發(fā)出噪音，而且不斷地相互碰撞。那兒有很多這樣的軌道，很多這樣的金屬微粒，要使飛碟在那兒著陸而不被某一顆微粒撞毀是很難辦到的。”14、 “What are those stalagmite projections sticking up?”“那些筆直豎立的石筍狀凸出物是什么東西？”15、 “They're some type of granite formations that give off light at night. Prof. Glom has named them skyscrapers since they seem to be scraping the skies.”“它們是某種夜間會(huì)發(fā)光的花崗巖結(jié)構(gòu)。格洛姆教授把它們叫做摩天大樓，因?yàn)樗麄兒孟褚呀?jīng)擦到了天?！?6、“If all you say is true, won't this set back the flying saucer program several years?”“如果您所說的都是事實(shí)，那飛碟計(jì)劃不就要推遲好多年嗎？”17、“Yes, but we shall proceed as soon as the Grubstart gives us the added funds.”“是的，但一俟格拉布貸款基金會(huì)把追加的資金拿給我們，我們就會(huì)立即實(shí)施這一計(jì)劃?！?18、“Prof. Zog, Why are we spending billions and billions of zilches to land a flying saucer on Earth when there is no life there?”“佐格教授，既然地球上沒有生命，那我們?yōu)槭裁催€要花費(fèi)億萬個(gè)零元向那兒發(fā)射飛碟呢？”19、“Because if we Venusians can learn to breathe in an Earth atmosphere, then we can live anywhere.”“因?yàn)槿绻覀兘鹦侨四軐W(xué)會(huì)在地球的大氣層中呼吸的話，那我們就可以在任何地方生存了?！钡?6 頁 共 6 頁