高三英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) Unit 2 Heroes課件 北師大版

Unit 2 Heroes 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理F詞匯梳理1. _ adj. 鎮(zhèn)靜的；平靜的2. _ adj. 慷慨的；大方的3. _ adj. 暴力的 _ n. 暴力4. _ n. 人物；性格5. _ n. 省6. _ n. 宇航員7. _ n. 飛行；航班8. _ n. 地心引力9. _ n. 火箭10. _ v. 高飛；翱翔11. _ v. 探險(xiǎn) _ n. 探險(xiǎn)12. _ adv. 和平地；平靜地 _ n. 和平13._ n. 記者；通訊員14. _ n. 大氣；氣氛15. _ n. 直升機(jī)16. _ v. 揮手示意；致意17. _ adv. 然后；后來(lái)18. _ n. 革命 _ adj. 革命的19. _ v. 建立；創(chuàng)立20. _ adv. 就自己而言21. _ adj. 平等的 _ adv. 平等地 _ n. 平等22 . _ n. 斗爭(zhēng)；拼搏23. _ n. 抗議24. _ n. & vi.行軍25. _ adj. 卓越的；輝煌的 _ n. 輝煌26. _ adj. 靈巧的；熟練的 _ n. 技術(shù)27. _ adj. 無(wú)用的28. _ n. 冠軍29. _ vi.比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng) _ n. 比賽 _ adj. 有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的；比賽的30. _ adv. 幸運(yùn)地31. _ n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)員 _ adj. 運(yùn)動(dòng)的；運(yùn)動(dòng)員的32. _ n. 災(zāi)難33. _ vt. 促進(jìn)；提升 _ n. 促進(jìn)；提升34. _ n. 傷害；損害 _ vt. 傷害；受傷 _ adj. 受傷的35. _ vi. 反應(yīng) _ n. 反應(yīng)36. _ n. 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)37. _ adj. 自信的 _ n. 自信自我校對(duì)1.calm 2.generous 3.violent; violence 4.character 5.province 6.astronaut 7.flight 8.gravity 9.rocket 10.soar 11.explore; exploration 12.peacefully; peace 13.reporter 14.atmosphere 15.helicopter 16.wave 17.afterwards 18.revolution; revolutionary 19.found 20.personally 21.equal; equally；equality 22.struggle 23.protest 24.march 25.brilliant; brilliance 26.skilful; skill 27.useless 28.champion pete；competition; competitive 30.fortunately 31.athlete; athletic 32.disaster 33.promote; promotion 34.injury; injure; injured 35.react; reaction 36.quality 37.confident; confidence短語(yǔ)梳理1. _ 在我看來(lái)2. _ 達(dá)到某種狀態(tài)3. _ 渡過(guò)難關(guān)4. _ 自殺5. _ (在方面)取得進(jìn)步6. _ 相處融洽；進(jìn)展7. _ 參加；參與8. _ 獨(dú)自；靠自己9. _ 受痛苦；患病10. _ 別胡扯11. _ 對(duì)作出反應(yīng)自我校對(duì)1.in my opinion e to 3.pull through mit suicide 5.make progress (in) 6.get on 7.get involved in 8.on ones own 9.suffer from e off it 11.react to重點(diǎn)知識(shí)探究重點(diǎn)知識(shí)探究F重點(diǎn)單詞1. calm adj. (海洋)無(wú)浪的；(天氣)無(wú)風(fēng)的；鎮(zhèn)定的 v. (使某人)平靜；鎮(zhèn)靜Calm yourself, please.請(qǐng)鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)。The sea is calm today.今天海面很平靜。He appeared calm, but inside his heart was beating wildly with fear. 他表面很平靜,但內(nèi)心卻因恐懼而狂跳不止。求同存異calm, quiet, silent, still指“不動(dòng)的；寂靜的”。強(qiáng)調(diào)靜止的狀態(tài),只限于物理上的安靜,不能用于心理上的安靜still指“沉默的；無(wú)聲的”silent指“安靜的；寧?kù)o的”。強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有任何干擾活動(dòng)quiet這組詞的一般含義是“靜的”主要指人沉著鎮(zhèn)定或指自然界無(wú)風(fēng)無(wú)浪calm相同點(diǎn)相異點(diǎn)比較Still waters run deep. (諺語(yǔ))靜水流深。Please keep calm when you are in danger.危險(xiǎn)時(shí)候要保持鎮(zhèn)靜。Keep quiet! Dont make any noise.保持安靜！不要制造噪音。知識(shí)梳理calm (sb. ) down (使某人)平靜下來(lái)keep calm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜探究練習(xí)Please keep _ when I take your photograph.A. quiet B. calmC. still D. silent【解析】 C 句意：請(qǐng)?jiān)谖医o你照相時(shí)不要?jiǎng)印till強(qiáng)調(diào)靜止的狀態(tài),符合題意。calm主要指人沉著鎮(zhèn)定或指自然界無(wú)風(fēng)無(wú)浪；silent強(qiáng)調(diào)“無(wú)聲的”；quiet 強(qiáng)調(diào)環(huán)境“安靜的”。2. character n.人物；角色；性格；漢字知識(shí)拓展(1)be in / out of character 是/不是本來(lái)的性格(2)characteristic adj. 特有的；典型的 n. 特征；特點(diǎn)be characteristic of 表現(xiàn)的特點(diǎn)；是 所特有的性格They are the two main characters in the play.他們是該劇中的兩個(gè)主角。It is out of character for John to cheat in the exam.對(duì)約翰來(lái)說(shuō)，在考試中作弊不合乎他的性格。Its characteristic of her that she never complained.從來(lái)不發(fā)牢騷是她的特點(diǎn)。巧學(xué)助記One may have a character, but may have many characteristics, all of which build ones character.一個(gè)人可能只有一種“性格”，但可能有多種“特征、特點(diǎn)”，所有這些“特征、特點(diǎn)”便構(gòu)成了一個(gè)人“總的特征、品質(zhì)”。高考體驗(yàn)(2009湖北)Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for _ building.A. respect B. friendshipC. reputation D. character【解析】 D 考查名詞辨析。句意：獨(dú)自遠(yuǎn)足很有趣，有益健康，也有利于塑造性格。respect“尊敬”；friendship“友誼”；reputation“名譽(yù)”；character“性格”。根據(jù)句意選D。3. equal adj.平行的；相等的；均等的；勝任的；不相上下的 vt.等于；比得上知識(shí)梳理(1)be equal to 等于；與相等；用勝任be equal in 在方面相同/相等equal rights 平等的權(quán)利(2)A equal (s) B A和B相等；平行(3)equally adv. 相等地；相同地；公開地equality n. 同等；平行Not all men are equal in ability.人的能力不都是一樣的。Two plus two equals four.二加二等于四。The two boys are equally clever.這兩個(gè)男孩同樣聰明。We all think she is equal to the task.我們都認(rèn)為她能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。巧學(xué)助記高考體驗(yàn)(2010大綱全國(guó))The island is _ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.A. partly B. merelyC. nearly D. equally【解析】 D 考查副詞辨析。句意：因?yàn)榇呵飪蓚€(gè)季節(jié)的天氣都非常怡人，所以這個(gè)小島在這兩個(gè)季節(jié)都很吸引人。partly“部分地”；merely“僅僅；只不過(guò)”；nearly“幾乎”；equally“相等地，相同地”。根據(jù)句意選D。4. separate v.分開； adj.分開的；單獨(dú)的We live in separate rooms.我們住在各自的房間里。The English Channel separates France from England.英吉利海峽將法國(guó)和英國(guó)隔開。This word has three separate meanings.這個(gè)詞有三個(gè)不同的意思。發(fā)散思維(1) separately adv. 單獨(dú)地；各自地She and her husband are living separately.她和她丈夫分開住。(2) separation n. 分開；分離；隔離His separation from his family makes him very sad.他和家人的分離使他非常悲傷。求同存異separate, divide, part指“把密切相關(guān)的人或物分開”part指“施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整體分成若干部分”divide這組動(dòng)詞的一般含義是“分開”指“把原來(lái)在一起的人或物分開,隔開”。分開后還保持各自的獨(dú)立性separate相同點(diǎn)相異點(diǎn)比較Separate those two boys who are fighting, will you?(你)把那兩個(gè)打架的孩子拉開, 好嗎?Divide the candies among the children.給孩子們把糖塊分開。Part gold from silver.把金銀分開。知識(shí)梳理separate A from B 把A和B分開；隔開get separated 分離；分開探究練習(xí)(1) _ the class into twelve groups.A. Divide B. SeparateC. Part D. Separated【解析】 A 句意：把整個(gè)班級(jí)分成12個(gè)組。divide強(qiáng)調(diào)“把整體分成部分”,符合語(yǔ)境。separate強(qiáng)調(diào)把原來(lái)在一起的人或物“分開；隔開”,分開后還保持各自的獨(dú)立性”；part指“把密切相關(guān)的人或物分開”。故選A項(xiàng)。(2) The little girl got _ from her friends in the dark.A. separate B. separatingC. separated D. separation【解析】 C 句意：這個(gè)小女孩在黑暗中同她朋友分開了。separate是及物動(dòng)詞表示“使分開”,故此處用過(guò)去分詞形式作get的表語(yǔ)，即get done結(jié)構(gòu)。5. lead vi. 導(dǎo)致；通向 vt. 給(某人)指路；引導(dǎo) n. 榜樣；首位With a guide leading the way, we found the village easily.由于有向?qū)б?我們輕易地就找到了那個(gè)村莊。What led you to think so? 是什么使你這樣想的呢？Will you take the lead? 你領(lǐng)個(gè)頭好嗎？知識(shí)梳理lead a . life 過(guò)著的生活lead the way 帶路；帶頭lead by the nose 牽著鼻子走lead to 引起；造成；導(dǎo)致；通向探究練習(xí)The discovery of new evidence led to _.A. catch the thiefB. the thief to be caughtC. the thief having caughtD. the thief being caught【解析】 D 句意：新證據(jù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)賊的被抓。lead to 是固定搭配,“導(dǎo)致；造成”之意；to是一個(gè)介詞,后面跟動(dòng)名詞,此題考查的是動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),動(dòng)名詞有它自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)the thief;且the thief與catch之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。6. struggle vi. 斗爭(zhēng)；奮斗；艱難地(朝某方向)行進(jìn) n. 斗爭(zhēng)；拼搏They had to struggle against strong winds all the way.他們不得不一路與大風(fēng)搏斗。The struggle for freedom was long and hard.爭(zhēng)取自由的斗爭(zhēng)是漫長(zhǎng)而艱巨的。知識(shí)梳理struggle for 為而斗爭(zhēng)struggle against 為反對(duì)而斗爭(zhēng)struggle with 與并肩戰(zhàn)斗struggle on / along 掙扎著活下去struggle to do sth. 掙扎著做；努力做；拼命地做struggle to ones feet 掙扎著站起來(lái)探究練習(xí)Everyone is struggling _ a better life.A. in B. forC. against D. with【解析】 B 句意：每個(gè)人都在為更好的生活而奮斗。struggle for “為斗爭(zhēng)”,符合語(yǔ)境；struggle against / with “ 同作斗爭(zhēng)”；struggle in無(wú)此搭配。高考體驗(yàn)(2010湖南)Dina, _ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A. struggling B. struggledC. having struggled D. to struggle【解析】 C 本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。句意：幾個(gè)月以來(lái)，蒂娜一直努力想找一份女服務(wù)員的工作，最終她在當(dāng)?shù)匾患覐V告代理處謀到了一個(gè)職位。設(shè)空處與句子主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故排除B項(xiàng)；不定式作狀語(yǔ)一般表示目的，故排除D項(xiàng)；C項(xiàng)相當(dāng)于Dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress .而A項(xiàng)相當(dāng)于：Dina was struggling for months to find a job as a waitress .根據(jù)句意可知，C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。7. compete vi. 比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)The two players are competing against / with each other for the first place in the 100-metre hurdles.兩位比賽者為了在一百米跨欄中贏得第一名而相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)著。Hughs house cant compete with yours.休的房子比不上你的。All the players compete for honour as well as gold medals.運(yùn)動(dòng)員們?yōu)榻鹋贫鴳?zhàn)也為榮譽(yù)而戰(zhàn)。發(fā)散思維competition n. 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；比賽competitive adj. 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的competitor n. 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者；參賽者知識(shí)梳理compete against / with sb. 同某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)compete for sth. 為得到某物而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)compete in sth. 在某項(xiàng)目中競(jìng)爭(zhēng)探究練習(xí). 用compete的適當(dāng)形式完成下列各句。(1)The stores have to _ for customers in the Christmas season.(2) _ among youths to enter good colleges is intense.(3)Each of these _ has their eyes on the 50 000 prize money.(4)A _ person loves to win and hates to lose.【答案】 (1)compete (2)Competition (3)competitors(4)competitive. 單項(xiàng)填空。Shall we compete _ swimming race?A. in B. forC. with D. against【解析】 A 句意：咱們參加游泳比賽好嗎？compete against / with sb. “同某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”；compete for sth. “為得到某物而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”；compete in sth. “在某項(xiàng)目中競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。故選A項(xiàng)。高考體驗(yàn)(2011江蘇)Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _.A. consequence B. independenceC. competence D. intelligence【解析】 C 本題考查名詞辨析。句意：教師必須不斷地更新自己的知識(shí)來(lái)保持專業(yè)技能水平。professional competence“專業(yè)技能”，符合句意。consequence“后果；推論”; independence“獨(dú)立”；intelligence“智力”。8. expect vt. 期待；盼望You arrived earlier than I had expected.=You arrived earlier than expected. 你比預(yù)料的到得早。The work is getting on as well as it can be expected.=The work is getting on as well as expected.工作的進(jìn)展情況跟預(yù)料的一樣好。點(diǎn)津提示注意從句中肯定、否定回答： Do you expect it will rain? 你預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)下雨嗎？ Yes, I expect so. (No, I dont expect so.=I expect not.) 是的,我想會(huì)下雨。(不,我想不會(huì)。)發(fā)散思維expectation n. 預(yù)料；期望They hope he will live up to their expectations.他們希望他將不辜負(fù)他們的期望。Your price is far beyond our expectations.你們價(jià)格(之高)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超乎我們的意料。求同存異wait (for) 與 expect“期待；預(yù)料”則指某事(可指好或不好的事)很可能會(huì)發(fā)生或到來(lái),不強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的遲早,只說(shuō)明一種心情expect兩者均含有“等”之意“等候”通常指在一個(gè)地方呆著,不采取任何行動(dòng),一直等到某事發(fā)生,它主要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的流逝且含有耽誤之意,有時(shí)暗示某人來(lái)得太晚或某事發(fā)生得太遲等wait (for)相同點(diǎn)相異點(diǎn)比較He was waiting for his mother at the school gate.他在校門口等他母親。We are expecting (looking forward to) a letter from George.我們?cè)诘葐讨蔚膩?lái)信。知識(shí)梳理expect to do sth. 期望做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事expect much of sb. 對(duì)某人寄予很大期望expect that . 期望/預(yù)計(jì)/認(rèn)為as (was) expected . 正如所料,探究練習(xí).用expect完成下列各句。(1)不要指望一個(gè)星期就能學(xué)會(huì)一門外語(yǔ)。You cant _.(2)我期望他明天回來(lái)。_(3)大多數(shù)父母都對(duì)自己的子女寄予很大希望。_(4)他又遲到了,正如預(yù)料的那樣。_【答案】 (1)expect to learn a foreign language in a week(2)I expect that he will be back tomorrow.(3)Most of the parents expect much of their children.(4)He came late again, as was expected.寫出下列句中劃線部分的意思。(1) Against all expectations, the play was greatly welcomed._(2)We knew that Mary would do well, but she has succeeded beyond expectation._(3)Only by doing so could we live up to your expectations._【答案】 (1)出乎意料的是 (2)出乎意料的；比預(yù)期的更好 (3)不辜負(fù)你們的期望9. win vi. & vt. 獲勝；贏得She won by three points. 她領(lǐng)先3分獲勝。We have to win all our games.我們必須贏得所有的比賽。求同存異win, beat, defeatbeat & defeat (擊??；打敗)的賓語(yǔ)通常是“敵人；(比賽)對(duì)手”beat & defeat意思都是指“打敗”后面的賓語(yǔ)通常是表示“比賽；戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)；選舉；獎(jiǎng)品；聲譽(yù)”的名詞或代詞,如game, race, match, competition, war, battle, election, prize, award, fame等win相同點(diǎn)相異點(diǎn)比較點(diǎn)津提示beat的過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞分別是：beat, beaten；而defeat的過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞是defeated, defeated。He won the prize at last.最后他贏得了獎(jiǎng)品。He was beaten / defeated in the game.在比賽中他被打敗了。知識(shí)梳理win or lose 不管輸贏；無(wú)論勝負(fù)win sb.s heart 贏得(某人)的愛win ones support / trust / admiration 贏得某人的支持/信任/贊美探究練習(xí)We finally _ them in the contest and _ the first prize.A. beat; won B. beated; wonC. defeat; won D. defeated; win【解析】 A 句意：在比賽中我們最終打敗了他們并獲得一等獎(jiǎng)。win后面的賓語(yǔ)通常是表示“比賽；戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)；選舉；獎(jiǎng)品；聲譽(yù)”的名詞或代詞,過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都是won; beat / defeat (擊?。淮驍?的賓語(yǔ)通常是“敵人；(比賽)對(duì)手”, beat過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞分別是beat, beaten；而defeat的過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都是defeated。故選A項(xiàng)。10. event n. 重要事情；(體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的)比賽項(xiàng)目Which events have you entered for?你參加了哪些比賽項(xiàng)目？Winning the scholarship was a great event in the boys life.獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是這個(gè)孩子一生中一件重大的事情。求同存異event, accident, incidentincident常指不平常的或令人不快的小事,另外它還可指犯罪行為或政治性事件incidentaccident指意外的、偶然發(fā)生的、惡性的事件或事故accident這幾個(gè)名詞的意思都指“事情；事件”event一般指歷史上發(fā)生的重大的、引人矚目的事件,也可指公共活動(dòng),社交場(chǎng)合或體育競(jìng)賽中的比賽項(xiàng)目event相同點(diǎn)相異點(diǎn)比較China Daily covered the chief events of the year that happened in our country.中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)報(bào)道了一年來(lái)我國(guó)發(fā)生的大事。Many traffic accidents happened here.這里發(fā)生了多起交通事故。My sister told me an incident that took place on her first day at school.我姐姐向我講述了她上學(xué)第一天發(fā)生的一件事。探究練習(xí)用event, accident和incident的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1) Something must be provided against _.(2) The founding of the Peoples Republic of China is a great _ in the history of mankind.(3) What you have said is only an ordinary _.(4) Some people consider it a common _, but I consider it an extraordinary _.【答案】 (1)accidents (2)event (3)incident (4)incident; event11. confident adj. 自信的；有信心的Your encouragement made me more confident of my future.你的鼓勵(lì)使我對(duì)我的未來(lái)更加有信心。One has to be confident in himself.一個(gè)人一定要對(duì)自己有信心。發(fā)散思維confidence n. 信心知識(shí)梳理have / show confidence in . 對(duì)有信心lose confidence in . 對(duì)喪失信心探究練習(xí).句子轉(zhuǎn)換。(1)他確信他會(huì)贏得這場(chǎng)比賽。He is confident of winning the competition.=_.(2) 我相信他會(huì)來(lái)。I am confident that he will come.=_.用confidence翻譯下列句子。(1)我對(duì)自己的學(xué)習(xí)能力非常自信。_(2)不要對(duì)自己?jiǎn)适判摹【答案】 .(1)He is confident that he will win the competition.(2) I am confident of his coming.(1)I have confidence in my ability of learning.(2)Dont lose confidence in yourself.F重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. on ones own 獨(dú)自地；單獨(dú)地(=by oneself)He can go there on his own.他能自己去那里。知識(shí)拓展of ones own 屬于某人自己的You neednt help him. He is old enough to dress himself on his own.你不必幫他,他能自己穿衣服。He would like a car of his own. 他想有輛屬于自己的車。探究練習(xí)用上述短語(yǔ)完成句子。(1)學(xué)生應(yīng)該獨(dú)立完成作業(yè)。Students are expected / supposed to finish the homework _.(2)他自己開了一家公司。He has set up a firm _.【答案】 (1)on their own (2)of his own2. come to 達(dá)到某種狀態(tài)How did you come to know him? 你是怎么認(rèn)識(shí)他的？點(diǎn)津提示常與 know, understand, realize, be, love, like等表示靜態(tài)的動(dòng)詞連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)漸變過(guò)程。知識(shí)拓展come to a conclusion 得出結(jié)論come to an agreement 達(dá)成一致意見come to a decision 作出決定come to an end 結(jié)束 (=end vi.)探究練習(xí)用come to短語(yǔ)翻譯下列句子。(1)談話后,她逐漸意識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤。She _ after the talk.(2)我希望我們能成為朋友,彼此互相了解。I hope we shall be friends and_.【答案】 (1)came to realize her mistake (2)come to understand each other3. give up 放棄；停止Never give up; never lose hope.永不放棄，永不失去希望。You ought to give up smoking; I gave it up last year.你應(yīng)該戒煙，我去年就戒掉了。He gave up his seat on the bus to an old woman.在公共汽車上他把座位讓給了一位老大娘。點(diǎn)津提示give up可以作及物或不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),后面跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。跟代詞時(shí),要將代詞放在give與up的中間。知識(shí)拓展與give有關(guān)的其他的短語(yǔ):give away 贈(zèng)送；泄露；出賣give in (to sb. / sth. ) ( 向)屈服give off 放出；發(fā)出give out 分發(fā)；用光；耗盡；宣布give back 歸還探究練習(xí)The news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit was _on the radio yesterday.A. turned out B. found outC. given out D. given away【解析】 C 句意：市長(zhǎng)要來(lái)我們學(xué)校訪問的消息是昨天收音機(jī)上宣布的。故選C項(xiàng)。give out“宣布；散發(fā)”； give away“泄露；出賣”； turn out“結(jié)果是；證明是”；find out “找出；查明”。4. get on / along with 與相處；對(duì)付；進(jìn)展He is difficult to get on with. 他難以相處。He simply cant get on / along without an assistant.他沒有助手簡(jiǎn)直一籌莫展。How are you getting on / along with your English study?你英語(yǔ)學(xué)得怎么樣了？點(diǎn)津提示get on / along with . 后面接人作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),是表示“和某人相處的怎樣”；而接物作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),表示“某事進(jìn)展如何”?？捎脀ell等副詞修飾。Im getting on well with my classmates.我跟我的同學(xué)們相處很好。知識(shí)拓展與get有關(guān)的其他的短語(yǔ)：get ahead 進(jìn)步(展)；成功；長(zhǎng)進(jìn)get along 過(guò)日子； 過(guò)活；相處；進(jìn)展(步)get around 走動(dòng)；傳開；忙于工作；影響；說(shuō)服；哄騙get away 逃脫；離開； 出發(fā)get away from (使)擺脫；(使)離開；無(wú)視；對(duì)置之不理get away with 逃避懲罰(責(zé)備；追究)get away with it 僥幸成功；逃脫處罰get back 回來(lái)；取回get behind 落后get by 維持生活；走動(dòng)；通過(guò)；美勉強(qiáng)混過(guò)去；僥幸成功get down to 開始認(rèn)真考慮；著手辦理(某事)get in 進(jìn)站；到達(dá)；回來(lái)；收集(割)get over 克服；擺脫探究練習(xí)(1)Mary is kind. She is easy to _.A. go on B. get along withC. get along D. go on with【解析】 B 句意：瑪麗很和藹。她是一個(gè)很容易相處的人。句子主語(yǔ)she在不定式中是邏輯賓語(yǔ),所以不能省略介詞with,故選B項(xiàng)；get along with sb.“和相處”；go on with“繼續(xù)”。(2)If we can _ our present difficulties, then everything should be all right. A. come across B. get overC. come over D. get off【解析】 B 句意：如果我們能克服我們現(xiàn)在的困難,那么一切都應(yīng)該會(huì)好起來(lái)的。come across“偶然遇到”; get over“克服；擺脫”; come over“隨便來(lái)訪；到來(lái)”; get off“下車”。故選B項(xiàng)。5. make progress 取得進(jìn)步；取得進(jìn)展點(diǎn)津提示progress 是一個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞,可以用good, rapid, great, slow, much, some, no, little等表示程度的詞來(lái)修飾；make progress 的主語(yǔ)一般是人。He made great progress in English.他的英語(yǔ)取得了很大的進(jìn)步。探究練習(xí)翻譯下列句子或改正句中錯(cuò)誤。(1)他到這兒以來(lái)沒有取得什么進(jìn)步。_ since he came here.(2)好好學(xué)習(xí),天天向上。Study well and _.(3)改錯(cuò):What a great progress they are making!_(4)改錯(cuò)：My Chinese has made rapid progress._【答案】 (1)He has made no progress(2)make progress every day(3)去掉 a(4)I have made rapid progress in Chinese.F重點(diǎn)句型1. When the spaceship separated from the rocket, I suddenly got a feeling of soaring into the sky because of the zero gravity.當(dāng)宇宙飛船同火箭分離的時(shí)候,由于沒有地球引力,我突然有一種升入云霄的感覺。because of 因?yàn)椋挥捎贐ecause of the storm he didnt go there.因?yàn)楸╋L(fēng)雨他沒去那里。點(diǎn)津提示同義短語(yǔ)有：thanks to, owing to, on account of, due to, as a result of 等。求同存異because of是介詞短語(yǔ),后面接名詞或代詞或what從句作賓語(yǔ)because of都表示“因?yàn)?；由于”之意because 是連詞,后面接從句because相同點(diǎn)相異點(diǎn)比較I suddenly got a feeling of soaring into the sky because of the zero gravity.=I suddenly got a feeling of soaring into the sky because there was no gravity. 由于沒有地球引力,我突然有一種升入云霄的感覺。探究練習(xí)(1)She doesnt go to school _ she is ill.A. because B. because ofC. since D. so【解析】 A 句意：她沒來(lái)上學(xué)是因?yàn)樗×?。此句表示沒來(lái)的原因。because of不能跟句子,只能跟名詞或代詞；since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句只能放在句首；so是表示因果關(guān)系；而because是一個(gè)連詞,后面可跟句子,表示原因,故選A。(2)It was _ the heavy rain that I didnt go to attend the meeting yesterday.A. because of B. becauseC. for D. as 【解析】 A because of是介詞短語(yǔ),后面接the heavy rain作賓語(yǔ)。句意：昨天我沒去參加會(huì)議是因?yàn)榇笥辍ecause后面接從句；for表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明細(xì)節(jié)性的內(nèi)容,不是表示直接的原因；as后面接句子。2. He was also able to speak with his wife and 8-year-old son.他能夠同他的妻子和8歲的兒子通話。be able to 能夠She shall be able to come tomorrow.明天她能來(lái)。求同存異be able to, can和be capable of(1)表示某人具有的“技能或知識(shí)”的能力時(shí), can與be able to可換用,而can更普通；但can只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí),而be able to有將來(lái)時(shí)、完成時(shí)等各種時(shí)態(tài)形式。(2)表示過(guò)去的“一般的能力”, was / were able to和could也可以互換。如：She could / was able to play the piano when she was six.她六歲時(shí)就能彈鋼琴。(3)如果指過(guò)去某一具體情況,肯定句中,只能用was / were able to,表示主語(yǔ)不僅有能力去做,而且實(shí)際上已做到。相當(dāng)于managed to do sth. 或者succeeded in doing sth. 。而用could則只表明主語(yǔ)有能力去做,不表明做到與否。如：I was able to get the ticket yesterday.我昨天買到了票。He could swim, but didnt jump into the water to save the girl.他會(huì)游泳,但他沒有跳下水救那個(gè)女孩。(4)be able to 側(cè)重于行動(dòng)或交際方面的能力,是褒義詞。而be capable of側(cè)重于做某事的適合性和才干。有時(shí)也強(qiáng)調(diào)一般的工作效果,兼有褒義和貶義。That guy is capable of anything！那家伙什么勾當(dāng)都會(huì)干得出來(lái)！探究練習(xí)He was a hero who _ swim across the cold river to save the drowning girl but he _ swim in fact at all.A. was able to; cant B. was able to; was able toC. could; couldnt D. can; cant 【解析】 A 句意：他是個(gè)英雄,游過(guò)一條冰冷的河去營(yíng)救落水的女孩,而事實(shí)上,他不會(huì)游泳。第一空處是表示具體情形下具有的能力，故用be able to do。而第二空處是表示一般情況下具有的能力，故用can。3. When the spaceship was doing its seventh circle, Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations, expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.太空船飛到第七圈時(shí),楊利偉在飛船上展示了中國(guó)國(guó)旗和聯(lián)合國(guó)國(guó)旗,并表達(dá)了中國(guó)人民和平開發(fā)、利用太空資源的意愿。該句是一個(gè)含有由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。在主句中,帶有v-ing 短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ),表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的次要?jiǎng)幼?作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的v-ing可轉(zhuǎn)化為并列短語(yǔ),其動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為句子的主語(yǔ)。又如：They stood there waiting for the car.=They stood there and waited for the car. 他們站在那里等車。探究練習(xí)_ many times, he finally understood it. A. Told B. TellingC. Having told D. Having been told【解析】 D 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意： 告訴他許多次后,他終于明白了。主句主語(yǔ)he與tell之間的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)和完成的關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式的被動(dòng)式having been done來(lái)表示被動(dòng)和完成。高考體驗(yàn)(2011大綱全國(guó))Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _ nothing about the argument.A. says B. saidC. to say D. saying【解析】 D 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：莎拉假裝很高興，沒有對(duì)這次爭(zhēng)論進(jìn)行評(píng)論。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)得知，此處是分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，故排除A項(xiàng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式；say與邏輯主語(yǔ)Sarah之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除表被動(dòng)的B項(xiàng)；動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)通常表目的或出乎意料的結(jié)果，故C項(xiàng)與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。4. As Yang Liwei returned into the earths atmosphere, helicopters were flying to where he would land, ready to collect him.楊利偉返回大氣層時(shí),直升飛機(jī)飛往他將著陸的地方,迎接他返程。該句含有as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和where引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。形容詞短語(yǔ)ready to collect him作狀語(yǔ)。形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)表示意義上的增補(bǔ),和句子的主語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。它可表示時(shí)間、方式、原因、伴隨、讓步、強(qiáng)調(diào)、條件等。如：He was lying in bed, awake. 他醒著躺在床上。Jack stared at the footprint, full of fear.杰克盯著那個(gè)腳印,心里充滿了恐懼。For a moment she just stood there, unable to believe what had just happened.她在那里呆呆地站了一會(huì)兒,簡(jiǎn)直不能相信剛才發(fā)生的事。探究練習(xí).用as、where 和形容詞作狀語(yǔ)翻譯句子。當(dāng)我看著他們時(shí),我知道我回到了我該呆的地方,高興而又興奮。As_, I knew I had returned to _.【答案】 I looked at them; where I should stay; happy and excited. 單項(xiàng)填空。After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _.A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tiredC. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired【解析】 B 句意：經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)途旅行后,他們?nèi)齻€(gè)終于回到了家,又累又餓。形容詞可在句中作狀語(yǔ),表示意義上的增補(bǔ),和句子的主語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,在此句中表伴隨,故選B項(xiàng)。5. He has always been very strict with his daughters, training them hard to compete against each other.他對(duì)他的兩個(gè)女兒一直很嚴(yán)格,努力訓(xùn)練她們彼此競(jìng)賽。be strict with sb. (in sth. ) (在某方面)對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格要求We must be strict with ourselves.我們必須嚴(yán)格要求自己。Mr. Wang is strict in his work and is also strict with his students. 王老師對(duì)他的工作要求嚴(yán)格,對(duì)他的學(xué)生也要求嚴(yán)格。知識(shí)拓展“be + adj. + with sb.”的短語(yǔ)還有不少,如：be angry with sb. 對(duì)某人生氣be pleased with sb. 對(duì)某人滿意be patient with sb. 對(duì)某人耐心探究練習(xí)He is strict _ students homework.A. at B. toC. with D. in【解析】 D 句意：他對(duì)學(xué)生的作業(yè)要求很嚴(yán)。在某方面要求嚴(yán)格用介詞in。隨堂基礎(chǔ)闖關(guān)隨堂基礎(chǔ)闖關(guān).單項(xiàng)填空1. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.A. is made B. would makeC. was to be made D. had made答案 C解析 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞led可知此句敘述的事情與過(guò)去有關(guān)，故首先排除A。make a fortune表示“發(fā)財(cái)”，由此可知從句中的主語(yǔ)a fortune與make之間應(yīng)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選C項(xiàng)。was / were to be done屬于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的一種被動(dòng)形式。2. _, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtfulC. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic答案 D解析 考查形容詞作狀語(yǔ)。句意：她是一個(gè)無(wú)憂無(wú)慮又積極樂觀的人，通過(guò)她的微笑她能夠給人們傳播陽(yáng)光。shy and cautious“害羞而且謹(jǐn)慎的”; sensitive and thoughtful“敏感而又體貼的”；honest and confident“誠(chéng)實(shí)而又自信的”；lighthearted and optimistic“無(wú)憂無(wú)慮而又積極樂觀的”。3. When I was having my holiday abroad, those children kept quarrelling and _ my fun.A. destroyed B. damagedC. injured D. spoiled答案 D解析 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我在國(guó)外度假的時(shí)候，那些孩子總是吵架，破壞了我的興致。destroy“(徹底)毀滅”；damage“損壞”；injure“傷害”；spoil“破壞的興致”。4. Four teams of three people would compete _ the game and the winners would receive a free vacation.A. in B. againstC. for D. with答案 A解析 句意：四個(gè)三人小組將參加比賽，獲勝者可免費(fèi)度假一次。compete in“在方面競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”；compete against / with“與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”；compete for“為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。5. The children _ when they were punished unfairly.A. accepted B. agreedC. protested D. were satisfied答案 C解析 句意：孩子們?cè)谑艿讲还膽土P時(shí)表示抗議。protest“抗議”，符合句意。accept“接受”；agree“同意”；satisfy“使?jié)M足”。6. The little naughty boy wont keep _ while I take a photo for him.A. calm B. quietC. still D. silent答案 C解析 句意：這個(gè)調(diào)皮的小男孩在我給他拍照的時(shí)候不老實(shí)。still強(qiáng)調(diào)“一動(dòng)不動(dòng)的；靜止的”；calm“平靜的”；quiet“安靜的”；silent“沉默的”。.單詞拼寫1. There are more than thirty p _ in China, such as Shandong, Guangdong and so on.2. It was g _ of him to give 100 000 yuan to the Hope Projec