高三英語暑假一輪復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)自測 Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero課件 新人教版必修1

Unit 5一、單詞拼寫一、單詞拼寫 根據(jù)讀音、詞性和詞義寫出下列單詞。根據(jù)讀音、詞性和詞義寫出下列單詞。1. _ 5kwCliti n. 品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)2_ ri5pQblik n. 共和國；共和政體共和國；共和政體3_ 5prinsEpl n. 原則；原則； 原理原理4_ 5nAFEnElizEm n. 民族主義；國家民族主義；國家主義主義5_ 5pi:sful adj. 平靜的；安靜的平靜的；安靜的6_ 5piEriEd n. 時(shí)期；周期時(shí)期；周期 7_ Ed5vaiz vt. 勸告；忠告勸告；忠告8_ kEn5tinju: v. 繼續(xù)繼續(xù)9_ ju:W n. 青年；青年時(shí)期青年；青年時(shí)期 10_ vEJt vt. 投票；選舉投票；選舉 qualityrepublicprinciplenationalism peaceful periodadvisecontinueyouth vote 11_ steidV n. 舞臺(tái)；階段舞臺(tái)；階段12_ pE5ziFEn n. 職位；位置職位；位置13_ 5vaiElEns n. 暴力；暴行暴力；暴行14_ 5i:kwEl adj. 相等的；平等的相等的；平等的15_ 5edju:keItId adj. 受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的的 16_ 5kru:EltI n. 殘忍；殘酷殘忍；殘酷17_ 5kriminl n. 罪犯；犯罪者罪犯；犯罪者18_ 5prezidEnt n. 總統(tǒng)；會(huì)長總統(tǒng)；會(huì)長19_ 5sentEns vt. 判決；宣判判決；宣判20_ 5terE n. 恐怖；恐怖活動(dòng)恐怖；恐怖活動(dòng)stagepositionviolenceequaleducated crueltycriminalpresidentsentenceterror二、單詞運(yùn)用二、單詞運(yùn)用 根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，在空格處填入一根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，在空格處填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，或者用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，或者用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. With the _in him, we consider him a great person.2. The t _of the criminals in Tibet caused great trouble to the _life of the native Tibetans.3. The professor _ the terrorists be s _to death to give the others a warning. 4. The little girls performed wonderfully on the _ , as the teachers expected.5. Only a few people had the chances to _ for the position. Most people felt sorry.be voted qualities errors advise stageentencedpeaceful6. His remarks did v _to the truth, which made Chinese people very angry .7. “ Equal work , equal pay ” is always his _as a chief manager .8. “No e_ people will behave that way!” , stated the headmaster angrily .9. We are clearer about terrorists c _through their v_ to the shops , the people and the soldiers.10.The mid-aged man in the end _her as his lifelong companion.educatedviolence principle cruelty violences accepted 三、詞語派生三、詞語派生 用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He is _to major in medicine against his parents _ .( will) 2. Now that “ _speak louder than words” , why not take an _part in it ? (act)3. You have your _,but I _to go hiking in the forest .(choose)4. We suffered a lot from the _rain these days. (continue)5. The program on free _ will benefit a lot of people in the rural areas. (educate)willing will actions active choice have chosen continuous education 6. The soldier died _for the _of the world. (peace)7. The visitors were _at the _of the _in Tebit. (terror)8. The middle school students joined the _ League last week .(young)9. The colored people are still calling for the _ .(equal)10. The sense of _ over spread , which caused great disorder in the streets. (nation)peacefully peace terrorists terrifiedterrorsYouth equality nationalism 四、詞組互譯四、詞組互譯 將下列詞組或短語譯成中文或英語。將下列詞組或短語譯成中文或英語。1 1_ _ 與與相處很好相處很好2 2_ _ 愿意做愿意做事情事情3 3_ _ 喪失信心喪失信心4 4_ _ 失業(yè)失業(yè)5 5_ _ 事實(shí)上事實(shí)上6 6_ _ 將將關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄7 7_ _ 當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)8 8_ _ 被判處被判處徒刑徒刑9 9_ _ 處于不幸之中處于不幸之中g(shù)et on well withbe willing to do somethinglose heartout of workas a matter of factputin prisoncome to powerbe sentenced to in trouble10. be jealous of _11. blow up _ 12. be worried about _13. answer violence with violence _14. give upfor _15. put in a position _16. stop somebody from doing something _嫉妒嫉妒使充氣；爆炸使充氣；爆炸對對著急著急 以暴制暴以暴制暴為為而放棄而放棄將將關(guān)入監(jiān)獄關(guān)入監(jiān)獄阻止；使不能阻止；使不能五、詞組填空五、詞組填空 根據(jù)句子提供的語境，從第四大題中選一根據(jù)句子提供的語境，從第四大題中選一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~組并用其適用的形式填空。個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~組并用其適用的形式填空。1The earnings cant meet the needs of the family, for he _for some time.2Nelson Mandela never _even when he was in prison.3Never laugh at those_ .4If you will, it will be very easy for you to _with them.5_, no language is very easy to learn. Keep up, everything will be ok.As a matter of fact has been out of workgave upin troubleget on well with6People were glad to hear that the terrorists _death.7_is not his principle. It is beyond our imagination.8I failed once again. How I _your easy success.9If the newly-elected president _, everything will be changed. I am sure.10. The heavy rain _catching the early bus.stopped me fromhad been sentenced toAnswering violence with violenceam jealous ofcomes to power六、翻譯填空六、翻譯填空 根據(jù)漢語意思，從上述短語中選一個(gè)恰當(dāng)根據(jù)漢語意思，從上述短語中選一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~組完成句子。的詞組完成句子。1我很愿意去北京為即將舉行的奧運(yùn)會(huì)當(dāng)義工。我很愿意去北京為即將舉行的奧運(yùn)會(huì)當(dāng)義工。I _work as an unpaid hand for the Olympic Games to be held in Beijing .2. 因?yàn)閲?yán)重堵車，我沒辦法準(zhǔn)時(shí)出席哪個(gè)會(huì)議。因?yàn)閲?yán)重堵車，我沒辦法準(zhǔn)時(shí)出席哪個(gè)會(huì)議。The heavy traffic jam _the meeting on time.3. 我們一直擔(dān)心的事情終于發(fā)生了。我們一直擔(dān)心的事情終于發(fā)生了。What we _has happened in the end. 4. 是堅(jiān)持還是放棄，由你自己定。是堅(jiān)持還是放棄，由你自己定。Its up to you to decide whether to _or keep up.5. 看見氣球爆了，小男孩還是忍不住哭起來?？匆姎馇虮耍∧泻⑦€是忍不住哭起來。Seeing the balloon _, the little boy couldnt keep back his tears.blowing up am willing tostopped me from attendinghave been worried aboutgive upLanguage points die for 為某種事業(yè)或目的而死為某種事業(yè)或目的而死 die for ones country/ the people/ the cause. die of 死于內(nèi)因死于內(nèi)因 die from 死于外因死于外因 die from a car accident. 由于車禍而死由于車禍而死 die by 死于暴力死于暴力, 刀或劍等兇器刀或劍等兇器 die by the sword/hanging.be dying for 極想得到極想得到.She is dying for a cup of water. die through carelessness 因過失而死因過失而死diedown 凋落凋落, 消失消失die away 消失（漸漸遠(yuǎn)去）消失（漸漸遠(yuǎn)去）The sound died away. 聲音漸漸遠(yuǎn)去。聲音漸漸遠(yuǎn)去。die out 絕種絕種 This kind of animal is dying out. He fought againstfought against the German Nazis and Japanese invaders during World War II. 二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期他抵抗德國納粹和日本侵略者。二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期他抵抗德國納粹和日本侵略者。 fight (fought, fought)fight (fought, fought) fight forfight for 為為而戰(zhàn)而戰(zhàn) fight againstfight against 與與作斗爭作斗爭 We will have to fight againstfight against difficulties. They told the workers to fight forfight for their rights. He foundedfounded the first Republic in China in 1911 after many years fighting. 經(jīng)過多年斗爭他于經(jīng)過多年斗爭他于19111911在中國創(chuàng)建了第一個(gè)共和國。在中國創(chuàng)建了第一個(gè)共和國。 found (founded, founded)found (founded, founded) 建立，創(chuàng)建建立，創(chuàng)建 find (found, found)find (found, found) The hospital was foundedfounded in 1920. Have you foundfound your missing pen? He strongly believed inbelieved in the three principles: nationalism; peoples rights; peoples livelihood. 他堅(jiān)信三條原則：民族，民權(quán)，民生。他堅(jiān)信三條原則：民族，民權(quán)，民生。 believe inbelieve in 信任，信仰信任，信仰 Do you believe inbelieve in God? We believe inbelieve in our government. believe sb. = believe what sbbelieve sb. = believe what sb. says. says 相信某人的話相信某人的話 believe in sbbelieve in sb. . 信任某人信任某人 He believebelieve what he said because I believe inbelieve in him.Do not talk (in) that way.(In) this way, you can remember the spelling. Dont stand in the /my way.He is better in some way (s).He picked a pen on the way to school. in a peaceful way以和平的方式以和平的方式那樣那樣這樣這樣礙事礙事在某些方面在某些方面在往在往的路上的路上 He gave upgave up a rich life for his ideas and fought fought forfor his country to be free fromfree from the UK in a peaceful way. 他為了他的思想而放棄了富裕生活，并且用和平他為了他的思想而放棄了富裕生活，并且用和平方式為他的國家擺脫英國而進(jìn)行了戰(zhàn)斗。方式為他的國家擺脫英國而進(jìn)行了戰(zhàn)斗。 give upgive up 表示主動(dòng)放棄或屈服表示主動(dòng)放棄或屈服 He has decided to give upgive up smoking. give ingive in 表示被動(dòng)屈服或認(rèn)輸，表示被動(dòng)屈服或認(rèn)輸， 后面不帶賓語后面不帶賓語 You cant win the game, so you may as well give ingive in. free fromfree from 擺脫（不好的東西）的，無擺脫（不好的東西）的，無的的 Keep the children free fromfree from harm. You should try to write sentences free fromfree from mistakes. He fought forfought for the black people and was in prisonin prison for almost thirty years. 他為黑人而戰(zhàn)且他為黑人而戰(zhàn)且坐過三十年監(jiān)獄。坐過三十年監(jiān)獄。 be in prisonbe in prison 在獄中，被監(jiān)禁在獄中，被監(jiān)禁 He has been in prisonhas been in prison for five years. putin prisonputin prison = sendto prison sendto prison = throw into prisonthrow into prison 把把投入監(jiān)獄投入監(jiān)獄 The car thieves have been put in prisonhave been put in prison. He was sent to prisonwas sent to prison for ten years. in prison囚禁囚禁be sent to prison (被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄)be in prison (在監(jiān)獄里在監(jiān)獄里)be thrown into prison (被投入監(jiān)獄被投入監(jiān)獄)break prison (越獄越獄)prison表示蹲監(jiān)獄時(shí)表示蹲監(jiān)獄時(shí), 其前不用冠詞其前不用冠詞throw sb. into prison= send /take sb. to prisonHe had been in prison for 20 years . The man was put in prison for stealing a car. Anyone who breaks the law should be thrown into prison. They all went to the prison to visit the prisoners. 類似類似: bed, church, class, college, hospital, school, university, market The time when The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult periodperiod of my life. periodperiod 期間，時(shí)期，學(xué)校的一節(jié)課，周期期間，時(shí)期，學(xué)校的一節(jié)課，周期 Lets finish this periodperiod and have a break. a period of rotation 自轉(zhuǎn)周期自轉(zhuǎn)周期 the time whenthe time when 其中其中when when 引起定語從句引起定語從句 This was a time whena time when you had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Do you still remember the time whenthe time when we first met? the timethe time 可用于引起時(shí)間狀語從句，這時(shí)一般可用于引起時(shí)間狀語從句，這時(shí)一般不不加加whenwhen。 I recognized him the timethe time I saw him. continue + to do continue doing 繼續(xù)做某事繼續(xù)做某事go on doing他繼續(xù)睡覺，好像什么也沒有發(fā)生。他繼續(xù)睡覺，好像什么也沒有發(fā)生。He continued sleeping/ to sleep as if nothing had happened.*fee: 服務(wù)費(fèi)，酬金（如付予私人教師，醫(yī)生等）服務(wù)費(fèi)，酬金（如付予私人教師，醫(yī)生等）Pay the lawyers fees (付律師費(fèi)付律師費(fèi))fare: (公共汽車，輪船，出租車等的公共汽車，輪船，出租車等的)費(fèi)用，票價(jià)費(fèi)用，票價(jià)到倫敦的公共汽車費(fèi)是多少？到倫敦的公共汽車費(fèi)是多少？Ex. Travel at half/full/reduced _(半價(jià)票旅行半價(jià)票旅行). A bill for school _ (學(xué)費(fèi)帳單學(xué)費(fèi)帳單).What is the bus fare to London? farefeesvworry about =be worried about I worry about your health.I am worried about your health.I worried about your health.I was worried about your health.擔(dān)心的神色擔(dān)心的神色 a worried lookDont be worried. - Take it easyout of work/job= lose ones job = be unemployed失業(yè)失業(yè), 沒有工作沒有工作His mother has been out of work for half a year. in work 有工作有工作Is her husband in work? out of 意為意為“在在之外之外”,“向向外外”;表示失去表示失去,沒有沒有,用完用完;不再處于某種狀況。反義詞為不再處于某種狀況。反義詞為into或或in。 The little boy ran out of the room. He took my books out of my schoolbag. Dont run into the room. Can you put your raincoat in your pocket? out of breath 上氣不接下氣上氣不接下氣out of patience 不耐煩不耐煩out of petrol 汽油用完了汽油用完了out of use 沒用了沒用了out of order 出故障了出故障了out of control 失控了失控了out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn)了脫離危險(xiǎn)了 out of sight 看不見了看不見了out of fashion 不時(shí)興不時(shí)興out of date 過時(shí)過時(shí)out of repair 無法修葺無法修葺Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不見眼不見, 心不煩。心不煩。as as+主語主語+can/could 盡可能盡可能, 盡量盡量= as as + possibleHe was running as fast as he could. =He was running as fast as possible. You must speak English as often as you can. =You must speak English _. as often as possibleThey did the experiment as carefully as they could. =They did the experiment _. Try to make as few mistakes as you can. =Try to make _.as carefully as possibleas few mistakes as possibleWE WERE PUT IN A POSITION IN WHICH WE HAD EITHER TO ACCEPT WE WERE LESS IMPORTANT, OR FIGHT THE GOVERNMENT.我們被置于這樣一個(gè)境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一我們被置于這樣一個(gè)境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實(shí)，要么跟政府作斗爭。等的現(xiàn)實(shí)，要么跟政府作斗爭。in which引導(dǎo)定語從句，相當(dāng)于引導(dǎo)定語從句，相當(dāng)于where，但意義更準(zhǔn)，但意義更準(zhǔn)確。如：確。如：After three hours ride, we came to the house in which he was born.乘車乘車3個(gè)小時(shí)后我們來到了他出生的那所房子。個(gè)小時(shí)后我們來到了他出生的那所房子。Think of a place to which we can go for dinner.想一個(gè)我們可以去吃飯的地方。想一個(gè)我們可以去吃飯的地方。accept“接受接受”，指的是主觀上接受了，指的是主觀上接受了receive“收到收到”，指客觀收到但不一定接受，指客觀收到但不一定接受我接受了他的邀請去參加晚會(huì)。我接受了他的邀請去參加晚會(huì)。I accepted his invitation to the party我收到了他的邀請，但我沒有接受。我收到了他的邀請，但我沒有接受。I received his invitation,but I didnt accept.We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.either. or.(兩者之中兩者之中)或或 (之一之一) You may stay either in a hotel or in a private house. I want to visit either Paris or London. Either you or I am wrong. Either of the boys likes singing. Either day is OK.either orneither nornot onlybut alsoThere be主謂一致用就近原則主謂一致用就近原則neithernorHe has neither money nor social position.Neither parent cares what happens to the child.Neither of the boys likes to play such a game. bothandBoth he and I are wrong. Both of the boys like singing. The last thirty years have seenseen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stagestage where we have almost no rights at all. 過去三十年里出現(xiàn)了最過去三十年里出現(xiàn)了最多的法律來剝奪我們的權(quán)利多的法律來剝奪我們的權(quán)利, , 阻擋我們的進(jìn)步阻擋我們的進(jìn)步, ,直到今直到今天我們已經(jīng)到了幾乎沒有任何權(quán)力的地步天我們已經(jīng)到了幾乎沒有任何權(quán)力的地步. . see see 在此句意為在此句意為“見證，目睹見證，目睹”；( (在某段時(shí)期在某段時(shí)期) )發(fā)生發(fā)生( (某情況某情況),),經(jīng)歷經(jīng)歷, ,經(jīng)受經(jīng)受; ; 為某事發(fā)生之時(shí)，主語為時(shí)間為某事發(fā)生之時(shí)，主語為時(shí)間 The last few months has seenhas seen more and more traffic accidents. The city has seenhas seen many changes. 4. The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people 他們在城里的住宅區(qū)都是由白人決定的。他們在城里的住宅區(qū)都是由白人決定的。 decided by white people 作定語飾作定語飾places。= which were decided by white people 被困在樓里的人們被困在樓里的人們 the people trapped in the building= the people who were trapped in the building過去分詞過去分詞作定語修飾作定語修飾people定語從句定語從句作定語修飾作定語修飾people onlyonly then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只是在那時(shí)我們才決只是在那時(shí)我們才決定以暴力對暴力。定以暴力對暴力。 only thenonly then 此處引起倒裝句，當(dāng)此處引起倒裝句，當(dāng)onlyonly修飾狀語位于修飾狀語位于句首時(shí)，句子采用部分倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)。句首時(shí)，句子采用部分倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)。 Only by practicing a few hours every dayOnly by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to master English. onlyonly 修飾主語時(shí)，句子不倒裝。修飾主語時(shí)，句子不倒裝。 OnlyOnly he knew how to solve the problem. answer 在本句中意為在本句中意為“對付對付”1. 接，應(yīng)（與接，應(yīng)（與door, bell, phone等連用）等連用） 2. 適應(yīng)（需要等）適應(yīng)（需要等） 3. answer back 頂嘴頂嘴 那女孩喜歡頂嘴。那女孩喜歡頂嘴。I will go and answer the phone.The plan will not answer our needs.That girl likes answering back. As a matter of fact As a matter of fact, I do not like violencebut in 1936 I helped him blow up some government buildings. 事實(shí)上我不喜歡暴力事實(shí)上我不喜歡暴力但在但在19631963年我?guī)退艘恍┱晡規(guī)退艘恍┱髽歉髽? . as a matter of factas a matter of fact = in fact= in fact As a matter of factAs a matter of fact, I dont know the truth. as a matter of fact- in fact Finally we achieved our dream. Finally our dream _ _.came truemake black and white people equalmake + 賓語賓語 + 賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)(名詞，名詞， 形容詞，動(dòng)詞形容詞，動(dòng)詞)We will make him monitor.Our maths teacher made us interested in maths.The boss made him work fourteen hours a day.achieve ones dream of doing sthBUT I WAS HAPPY TO HELP BECAUSE I KNEW IT WAS TO REALIZE OUR DREAM OF MAKING BLACK AND WHITE PEOPLE EQUAL. 但是，我樂于幫忙，因?yàn)槲抑溃@是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的但是，我樂于幫忙，因?yàn)槲抑?，這是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的黑人和白人平等的夢想。黑人和白人平等的夢想。 “It was + 不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)表示結(jié)構(gòu)表示“按計(jì)劃或安排將要做的按計(jì)劃或安排將要做的事事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)在此處相當(dāng)于，該結(jié)構(gòu)在此處相當(dāng)于It was time to do sth. It was (time) to get rid of your bad habit of smoking. 該戒除你那抽煙的壞習(xí)慣了。該戒除你那抽煙的壞習(xí)慣了。 be equal to 等于，相當(dāng)于等于，相當(dāng)于 Im not equal to the position. Women demand equal pay for equal work.w You cannot imagineimagine how the sound of the name of Robben Island made us afraid. 你想象不到聽到你想象不到聽到羅本島這個(gè)名字令我們多么害怕羅本島這個(gè)名字令我們多么害怕。 w imagine n./doing sth./sb.+doing/thatimagine n./doing sth./sb.+doing/thatw Can you imagineimagine life without electricity?w I dint imagineimagine becoming a writer in my childhood.w I cant imagineimagine her marrying him.w ImagineImagine that you are a bird. 2. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we should have been asleepshould have been asleep. 在午餐的休息時(shí)間和晚上我在午餐的休息時(shí)間和晚上我們本應(yīng)該睡覺的時(shí)候他教授我們。們本應(yīng)該睡覺的時(shí)候他教授我們。 should do & should have doneshould do & should have done He should have come earlier. You should come earlier tomorrow. You should have written to your mother. My teacher said I should study harder. I should have studied harder when I was young. should doshould do 表示應(yīng)該做，一般指現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭?dòng)作，指過表示應(yīng)該做，一般指現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭?dòng)作，指過去的動(dòng)作時(shí)應(yīng)站在過去的角度。去的動(dòng)作時(shí)應(yīng)站在過去的角度。 should have doneshould have done 表示本應(yīng)該做而沒有做的。站在現(xiàn)在的表示本應(yīng)該做而沒有做的。站在現(xiàn)在的角度上評(píng)說過去的事情。角度上評(píng)說過去的事情。ASLEEP, SLEEP & SLEEPY -Is he still sleepingsleeping? -Yes, he is fast asleepasleep. I was too sleepysleepy to hear the end of her talk. I usually sleepsleep seven hours a day. asleepasleep 是表語形容詞，意為是表語形容詞，意為“睡著的睡著的”。 sleepsleep 是動(dòng)詞或名詞，意為是動(dòng)詞或名詞，意為“睡覺睡覺”。 sleepy sleepy 是形容詞，意為是形容詞，意為“打盹的打盹的”。 3. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams. 由于他們不如我聰明而又確實(shí)通過了考試由于他們不如我聰明而又確實(shí)通過了考試 did passdid pass 為為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞原行前加強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞原行前加do, does, do, does, diddid. DoDo be careful! I dodo hope you have a merry Christmas! He doesdoes speak English well! 4. I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to powercame to power in 1994. come to power come to power = come into power= come into power 執(zhí)政執(zhí)政 in powerin power 當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政 Things have changed a lot since he came to powercame to power. How long has he been in powerin power? 5. All the terrorterror and fearfear of that time came back to me. terrorterror n. n. 恐怖，可怕的人或事恐怖，可怕的人或事 The murder was a terrorterror to the people in the town. fearfear n. n. 恐懼，可怕恐懼，可怕 vt vt. . 恐懼，害怕恐懼，害怕 + n./to do /that Do you fearfear death? She fearsfears to speak in our presence. I fearfear that we cant protect ourselves. for fear of & for fear that for fear of & for fear that 擔(dān)心擔(dān)心 He left an hour earlier for fear offor fear of missing the train. She worried for fear thatfor fear that the child would be hurt. 6. I remembered the beatingsbeatings and the cruelty of the guards and my friends who had died. beatingbeating n. n. 打、輸打、輸 They gave him a good beatingbeating. They gave our team quite a beatingbeating. beat beat n. n. 敲擊，跳動(dòng)敲擊，跳動(dòng) We heard the beatbeat of a drum. Can you hear the beatbeat of my heart? 7. They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my rewardreward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. rewardreward n. n. 報(bào)酬，獎(jiǎng)金報(bào)酬，獎(jiǎng)金 He worked hard but without much rewardreward. in reward in reward 作為報(bào)酬作為報(bào)酬 She got nothing in rewardin reward for her kindness. vt. 酬謝，給以報(bào)答酬謝，給以報(bào)答 He rewardedrewarded me with a prize. GrammarREVISION 1.Is he the man_wants to see you? 2.He is the man _I saw yesterday. 3.They ran to help the man _car had broken down. 4.The book_he is carrying is about to drop.Notes:Notes: 引導(dǎo)定語從句的連詞叫關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的連詞叫關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。 關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,whose,that,whichwho,whom,whose,that,which 關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：when,where,whywhen,where,why 關(guān)系副詞還相當(dāng)于關(guān)系副詞還相當(dāng)于“介詞介詞+which”+which”的結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)who/thatwhom/thatwhosewhich/that指人指人 指物指物在定語從句中的作用在定語從句中的作用Who主語主語賓語賓語Whom賓語賓語Which主語主語賓語賓語that主語主語賓語賓語whose定語定語1.This is the best hotel in the city _ I know. A.It B. where C. that D. Which2. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose3. Is there anything else_ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. whatpractice4. Whats the name of the man_? A. you borrowed his car B. which car you borrowed C. whose car you borrowed D. his car you borrowed5、They have decided to finish their work, _ I think is a wise choice.A、who B、thatC、what D、which that和和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下但在下列情況下, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 先行詞為先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時(shí)。等不定代詞時(shí)。(2)先行詞被先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等等 修飾時(shí)。修飾時(shí)。(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。(4)先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same修飾時(shí)。修飾時(shí)。在下列情況下只用在下列情況下只用which,不用不用that。1，引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句。，引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句。2，直接作介詞的賓語。，直接作介詞的賓語。3，避免與，避免與that重復(fù)。重復(fù)。Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.Many people were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.二、關(guān)系副詞：二、關(guān)系副詞：WHEN, WHERE, WHY1.1.where where 表示地點(diǎn)，只能跟在表地點(diǎn)或場合的名詞后。表示地點(diǎn)，只能跟在表地點(diǎn)或場合的名詞后。 注意：注意：wherewhere不在從句中作主語或賓語。不在從句中作主語或賓語。vWhat is the name of the town wherewhere we stayed last night?vThink of a place wherewhere we can go for dinner.vPlease leave the book at the place wherewhere it was.2. whenwhen表示時(shí)間，只能跟在表時(shí)間的名詞后。表示時(shí)間，只能跟在表時(shí)間的名詞后。v Tell me the time whenwhen the train leaves.v July, when (=in which )when (=in which ) we can go home for a rest, is coming soon.3. whywhy表示原因，通常跟在表示原因，通常跟在reasonreason后引導(dǎo)定語從句。后引導(dǎo)定語從句。vI dont know the reason whywhy he left here.vThis is the reason whywhy (= for which) he cried.EXERCISE用用where, which, when, whose填空填空1）Dorothy always spoke highly of her role in the play ，of course, _made the others unhappy.2) I shall never forget the days _ I lived in the country with my parents.3) The factory _ his brother works lies in the south of the city.4) They took care of the old man _ son lost his life in the fire.whichwhichwhenwhenwherewherewhosewhose1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book _she paid $10?3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which三、介詞三、介詞+which關(guān)系副詞的用關(guān)系副詞的用法法關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞指代指代在從句中的作用在從句中的作用when (=at/in/on /during/ which) where (=in/at/ which)why (=for which) 時(shí)間時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因原因原因狀語原因狀語v關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，既引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，既引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語。定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語。