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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題整合突破三 形容詞和副詞.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題整合突破三 形容詞和副詞.doc

2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題整合突破三 形容詞和副詞真題試做1(xx山東高考,33)Be _you cant expect me to finish all his work in so little time.AreasonableBconfidentCcreative Dgrateful2(xx山東高考,35)Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have _ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.Aheavy BsmoothCflexible Dplex3(xx山東高考,35)Mary and I see each other _,but not as often as we used to.Asooner or later Bonce in a whileCin the end Dmore or less考向分析1考查在具體的語境中形容詞和副詞的詞義辨析,要求考生結(jié)合句意和上下文語境作出最佳選擇。2考查形容詞、副詞的比較等級(jí)。尤其注意含蓄比較和比較句型中采用的省略形式,分清比較的范圍。3考查比較級(jí)的修飾語。包括比較句型中倍數(shù)和名詞作狀語時(shí)的位置,以及哪些副詞或短語能夠修飾比較級(jí),哪些不能。4考查形容詞和副詞的基本用法。包括形容詞作定語、表語、補(bǔ)語和副詞在句中作狀語,以及習(xí)慣搭配問題。 5多個(gè)形容詞作定語描述人或事物時(shí),詞序的安排是一個(gè)難題,在高考單項(xiàng)填空題中時(shí)有出現(xiàn)。熱點(diǎn)例析考點(diǎn)一:形容詞和副詞的基本用法1形容詞在句中的作用。(1)形容詞在句中可作定語、表語和補(bǔ)語。(2)形容詞在句中也可作狀語,用來表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。He was lying in bed,dead.(3)alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身體好)等常用作表語而不用作定語。如:He is an ill man.(錯(cuò))The man is ill.(對(duì))She is an afraid girl.(錯(cuò))The girl is afraid.(對(duì))(4)twoyearold/200metrelong/oneeyed等復(fù)合形容詞中的名詞要用單數(shù),一般只用作前置定語。如:Tom is a twoyearold boy.2副詞在句中的作用。副詞在句中一般用作狀語,修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其他副詞,也可修飾整個(gè)句子。如:Obviously you are wrong.【典例分析】 (xx四川高考,16)I make $2,000 a week.60 surely wont make _ difference to me.Athat a big Ba that bigCbig a that Dthat big a答案為D項(xiàng)。that在此句中是副詞,相當(dāng)于so的用法,修飾形容詞big。例如:“如此可愛的一個(gè)女孩”可表達(dá)為that lovely a girl,故選D項(xiàng)。句意:我每周賺2000美元,60美元對(duì)我而言根本沒有關(guān)系??键c(diǎn)二:形容詞和副詞的詞義辨析 詞義辨析是高考對(duì)形容詞、副詞考查的一大熱點(diǎn)。解答此類題的關(guān)鍵是要分析具體的語境,結(jié)合基本詞義、搭配等來選擇正確的答案。從近幾年全國及各省市高考試題來看,考查頻率最高的形容詞和副詞有even,interested,interesting,yet,hardly,just,therefore,though,too,very,mon,effective,either,ever,fair,however,less,more,nearly,only,purposefully,rather,still,such,surprised,surprising等。【典例分析】 (xx浙江高考,10)The research lacks _ evidence,and therefore,its conclusions are doubtful.AsolidBfierceCsevere Dpotential答案為A項(xiàng)。句意:這項(xiàng)研究缺乏可靠的證據(jù),因此,其結(jié)論是令人懷疑的。solid意為“可靠的,可信賴的”;fierce意為“強(qiáng)烈的,極度的”;severe意為“非常的,嚴(yán)重的”;potential意為“潛在的,可能的”。(xx天津高考,4)The dog may be a good panion for the old._,the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.ABesides BHoweverCTherefore DInstead答案為B項(xiàng)。句意:狗對(duì)老年人來說可能是一個(gè)好伙伴,然而,需要帶它散步可能就是一個(gè)不好之處。besides意為“此外,而且”;however意為“然而”;therefore意為“因此”;instead意為“相反,代替”。考點(diǎn)三:形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)1對(duì)兩者進(jìn)行同等程度的比較用“as原級(jí)as”句型。當(dāng)as.as 中間有名詞時(shí)采用“as形容詞a單數(shù)名詞as”和“asmany/much名詞as”的形式。如:This is as good an example as the other is.2對(duì)兩者進(jìn)行不同程度的比較用“not as/so原級(jí)as”句型。如:He cannot run so/as fast as you.3表示前者的程度超過后者時(shí)用“比較級(jí)than”句型。如:Tom works harder than Peter.He is more diligent than his brother.4表示前者的程度不如后者時(shí)用“l(fā)ess原級(jí)than”句型。如:This book is less interesting than that one.5“比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)”可用來表示“越來越”。如:It is being colder and colder.6“the比較級(jí),the比較級(jí)”表示“越,就越”。如:The busier he is,the happier he feels.7要注意對(duì)應(yīng)句型,遵循前后一致的原則。如:The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.The population of Shanghai is larger than Beijing.(錯(cuò))8要避免重復(fù)使用比較級(jí)。如:He is more clever/cleverer than his brother.(對(duì))He is more cleverer than his brother.(錯(cuò))He is less taller than I(錯(cuò))9要避免將主語含在比較對(duì)象中。China is larger than any other country in Asia./any country in Africa.(對(duì))China is larger than any country in Asia.(錯(cuò))【典例分析】 (xx課標(biāo)全國高考,26)The result is not very important to us,but if we do win,then so much _.Athe best BbestCbetter Dthe better答案為D項(xiàng)。在該題but后的分句中,if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,主句為省略形式,根據(jù)句意判斷是對(duì)贏和輸兩種情況進(jìn)行比較,應(yīng)用比較級(jí)形式,可排除A、B項(xiàng);so much the better為固定短語,意為“那就更好了”。 句意:這結(jié)果對(duì)我們來說不很重要,但如果我們真的贏了,那就太好了。(xx全國高考,13)Next to biology,I like physics _.Abetter BbestCthe better Dvery well答案為B項(xiàng)。句意:除了生物,我最喜歡物理。注意本題易誤選A項(xiàng),其實(shí)此處并不是把生物和物理作比較,而是把物理與除生物之外的其他學(xué)科作比較,故選B項(xiàng)??键c(diǎn)四:比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)前的狀語1比較級(jí)前常用表示程度的副詞(短語)作狀語,常見的有much/a lot/a great deal/a bit/a little/still/even/far/rather等,但是very/quite/fairly一般不用來修飾比較級(jí)。如:Yao Ming is much/a lot/a great deal taller than I.2比較級(jí)前還常用名詞、數(shù)詞和倍數(shù)作狀語。如:We have a third as many students as we had last term.The river is three times as long as that one.3最高級(jí)常用by far/much或序數(shù)詞作狀語。如:The population of China is by far the largest in the world.Africa is the second largest continent.【典例分析】 (xx課標(biāo)全國高考,29)This restaurant wasnt_that other restaurant we went to.Ahalf as good as Bas half good asCas good as half Dgood as half as答案為A項(xiàng)。如果表示兩個(gè)飯店一樣好,應(yīng)用as good as,在比較句型中,程度狀語應(yīng)放在第一個(gè)as或比較級(jí)之前,所以答案為A項(xiàng)??键c(diǎn)五:形容詞作定語時(shí)的位置1通常置于所修飾的詞之前,但不定代詞的定語通常在后面。如:Someone strange is asking to see you.Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.2else常放在不定代詞和疑問代詞后面作定語。如:No one else can answer the question.3多個(gè)形容詞作定語時(shí)的詞序?yàn)椋捍笮?、長短、高低形狀/年齡、新舊顏色/來源、國籍、地區(qū)、出處/材料/用途。如:an expensive Japanese sports car,those three beautiful large square old brown wood table【典例分析】 One day they crossed the _ bridge behind the palace.Aold Chinese stoneBChinese old stoneCold stone ChineseDChinese stone old答案為A項(xiàng)。多個(gè)形容詞作定語修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí),排列的順序?yàn)椋捍笮?、年齡、形狀、顏色、來源、國籍、質(zhì)地、用途??键c(diǎn)六:比較級(jí)的否定1not用來否定比較級(jí)時(shí),只陳述客觀事實(shí)。如:Yi Jianlian is not taller than Yao Ming.2no用來否定比較級(jí)時(shí),往往帶有感情色彩,對(duì)比較的兩者都否定。如:The patient is no better than he was yesterday.病人沒有比昨天好轉(zhuǎn)。 Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy body.日光和新鮮空氣對(duì)身體健康是同樣必不可少的。 3“否定詞不定冠詞形容詞的比較級(jí)名詞”或“否定詞比較級(jí)”表示“從未,未曾”,常常表達(dá)最高級(jí)的意義。如:This film is very moving.I have never seen a better one.這部電影很感人,我從沒有看過一部比它更好的?!镜淅治觥?(xx四川高考,12)How was your recent trip to Sichuan?Ive never had _ one before.Aa pleasantBa more pleasantCa most pleasantDthe most pleasant答案為B項(xiàng)。句意:最近你到四川的旅行怎么樣?從來沒有這么愉快過。否定詞never與a more pleasant連用,表示“非常愉快”,相當(dāng)于最高級(jí)含義。the most pleasant是特指,需要有比較的范圍,但是這個(gè)范圍并不存在,因此D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。誤區(qū)警示1形容詞或副詞的辨析易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)(xx福建高考,32)Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind?Sorry.I returned it to the library just now.Maybe it is still _.Aavailable BaffordableCacceptable Dvaluable【錯(cuò)混透析】Aavailable意為“可得到的,可找到的”;affordable意為“負(fù)擔(dān)得起,支付得起”;acceptable意為“可以接受的”;valuable意為“有價(jià)值的”。句意:你能借給我飄那本書嗎?對(duì)不起。我剛才把它還給圖書館了。也許還能借到它。該題錯(cuò)選的原因要么是詞匯量不夠,要么是對(duì)句意理解不清。(xx遼寧高考,22)We used to see each other _,but I havent heard from him since last year.Aespecially BregularlyCparticularly Dapproximately【錯(cuò)混透析】B句意:我們以前經(jīng)常見面,但自從去年就沒有收到他的來信了。especially意為“尤其,特別”;regularly意為“規(guī)則地,定期地”;particularly意為“特別地”;approximately意為“大約地”。根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)正確?!窘忸}指導(dǎo)】 做這類題目時(shí),有一定的詞匯儲(chǔ)備是基本條件。在掌握了各選項(xiàng)的詞義的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合具體的語境,再通過對(duì)句意的理解,做出最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。2比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的范圍易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)(xx全國高考,17)Mr Stevenson is great to work forI really couldnt ask for a _ boss.Abetter BgoodCbest Dstill better【錯(cuò)混透析】 A該題易誤選C項(xiàng)或D項(xiàng)。句意:為史蒂文森先生工作真好,我實(shí)在找不到比他更好的老板了。該句實(shí)際是把其他老板與史蒂文森先生進(jìn)行兩者間的比較,否定詞couldnt與better連用,表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義?!窘忸}指導(dǎo)】 考查比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的題目,分清比較的范圍是關(guān)鍵:(1)兩個(gè)事物進(jìn)行比較應(yīng)用比較級(jí),三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上事物進(jìn)行比較應(yīng)用最高級(jí)。做題時(shí)既要通過分析數(shù)量關(guān)系確定使用比較級(jí)還是最高級(jí),又要注意通過句意和語境進(jìn)行判斷,因?yàn)楹芏囝}目并沒有直接說明是幾者進(jìn)行比較,而是把數(shù)量隱含在句意中。(2)若題目為省略句,應(yīng)根據(jù)語境和語意尋找被比較的對(duì)象,然后確定比較的范圍。3比較句型的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)(xx陜西高考,17)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _ the present one.Aas three times big asBthree times as big asCas big as three timesDas big three times as【錯(cuò)混透析】 B句意:“為下一屆亞運(yùn)會(huì)而正在修建的新體育館將會(huì)是目前體育館的三倍大。”as.as表示同等比較,當(dāng)表示倍數(shù)的詞作程度狀語時(shí),應(yīng)放在第一個(gè)as的前面?!窘忸}指導(dǎo)】 有關(guān)比較句型的題目應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):(1)掌握比較級(jí)的幾個(gè)熱點(diǎn)句型:同級(jí)比較句型:“as原級(jí)as”不同級(jí)比較句型:“not as/so原級(jí)as”表示一者的程度超過另一者的句型:“比較級(jí)than”表示一者的程度不如另一者的句型:“l(fā)ess原級(jí)than”表示“越來越”的句型:“比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)”表示“越,就越”的句型:“the比較級(jí),the比較級(jí)” (2)做題時(shí),要分析語境含義和句子結(jié)構(gòu),明確題目符合哪一種句型,要確保句型使用正確,如as.as中間是否是形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)、less后面是否錯(cuò)用了比較級(jí)等。(3)比較級(jí)前常有副詞或短語作程度狀語,但very/quite/fairly不用來修飾比較級(jí)。(4)比較句型中還常用名詞、數(shù)詞和倍數(shù)作狀語,一定要把這些狀語放在比較級(jí)前或同級(jí)比較的第一個(gè)as前。1(xx濟(jì)南一模,13) I am leaving my _ position because I cannot show my capabilities fully here.ApresentBprivateCindividual Dpersonal2(xx山東泰安期末,30) A _ identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from the Bank of China.Avalid BperfectCbeneficial Dflexible3In this lecture,I can only give you a purely _ view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.Aprivate BpersonalCunique Ddifferent4If youre looking for a furnished flat to rent,I think theres a(n)_ apartment in my building.Aempty BbareCfree Dvacant5My work schedule is fairly _,so you can e to me anytime you like.Aavailable BaccessibleCflexible Dchangeable6(xx山東棗莊十八中月考,33)It is _ that he has been addicted to the drugs and has difficulty quitting it.Aobviously BapparentlyCpossibly Dlikely 7(xx山東濰坊重點(diǎn)中學(xué)月考,31) The handbook gives_ details about the functions of this washing machine.Asteady BsecureCpotential Dprecise8(xx山東德州期末,28) Childrens ability to adapt to a new environment doesnt e_.It is a result of many experiences.Anormally BspeciallyCnaturally Deventually9(xx山東實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)二模,25) The plane will be landing in _ 20 minutes.Please be seated!Areadily BapproximatelyCrandomly Dtypically10The secondhand car Amy bought last month is almost new;_,it is in excellent condition.Abesides Bin addition toCinstead Dyet 11(xx山東鄒平四模,8) After 3 days long journey,the explorers arrived at the destination,_.Aexhausted and hungryBexhausted and hungrilyCexhausting and hungryDexhausting and hungrily12Though small,the oranges sell _,because they taste _.Agood;well Bwell;niceCnicely;well Dnice;good13Do you believe _ little boys could eat _ much food?Aso;so Bsuch;suchCsuch;so Dso;such14Jack,you have earned so much in such a short time!Yes,I have.But I am still _ than you.Abetter off Bmore worse offCworse off Dless badly off15What does this modernday dinosaur look like?The tongue of this animal can be extended _ of its body.Amore than twice the lengthBtwice more than the lengthCmore than the length twiceDmore twice than the length參考答案三、形容詞和副詞命題調(diào)研明晰考向真題試做1A考查形容詞。句意:講點(diǎn)道理好不好,你不能指望我在這么短的時(shí)間里完成所有的工作啊。reasonable意為“合理的,公道的,通情達(dá)理的”;confident意為“自信的,確信的”;creative意為“有創(chuàng)造性的”;grateful意為“感激的,感謝的”。故選A項(xiàng)。2C考查形容詞詞義辨析。heavy“重的”;smooth“順利的,平滑的”;flexible“靈活的,易彎曲的”;plex“復(fù)雜的”。句意為“走出家門的職業(yè)媽媽們應(yīng)該有靈活的時(shí)間安排以便能更容易地照顧孩子”。由句意可知,C項(xiàng)符合句意。3B考查短語的辨析。once in a while “偶爾”。句意:瑪麗和我不像以前那么經(jīng)常見面,我們只是偶爾見見面。sooner or later “遲早”;in the end “最后,結(jié)果”;more or less “幾乎,差不多”。創(chuàng)新模擬預(yù)測(cè)演練1Apresent意為“現(xiàn)在的”;private意為“私有的,私人的,秘密的,私立的”;individual意為“單獨(dú)的,個(gè)別的,一個(gè)人的,獨(dú)特的”;personal意為“個(gè)人的,私人的,人際的”。句意:我要離開我現(xiàn)在的工作崗位了,因?yàn)樵谶@里我不能充分地展示我的才能。2Avalid意為“合法的,有效的”;perfect意為“完美的”;beneficial意為“有益的,有利的”;flexible意為“有彈性的,靈活的”。根據(jù)句意判斷應(yīng)選A項(xiàng),表示“有效的身份證”。3B句意:“在這次演講中,我只能就如何充實(shí)地生活給出純粹個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)并就未來提出一些建議?!眕rivate“私有的,私營的”;personal“個(gè)人的,私人的”;unique“獨(dú)一無二的,僅有的,唯一的”;different“不同的”。4Dempty意為“空的,沒有任何東西的”;bare意為“赤裸的,光禿禿的”;free意為“有空的,有時(shí)間的”;vacant意為“未被占用的”。由于想要租用的是有家具的房子,所以只能選擇D項(xiàng)。5Cavailable意為“可利用的”或指人“有空閑的”;accessible意為“可接近的,可進(jìn)入的”;flexible意為“有彈性的,靈活的”;changeable意為“可變化的,易變的”。根據(jù)句意判斷應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。6D該題需要表語,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)為形容詞,意為“可能的”,其他三項(xiàng)均為副詞。7Dsteady意為“穩(wěn)固的,平穩(wěn)的”;secure意為“安全的,無危險(xiǎn)的”;potential意為“潛在的,可能的”;precise意為“準(zhǔn)確的,精確的”。句意:本手冊(cè)準(zhǔn)確地介紹了這種洗衣機(jī)的功能。8Cnormally意為“正常地”;specially意為“特別地”;naturally意為“自然地,天生地”;eventually意為“最后,終于”。句意:孩子們適應(yīng)新環(huán)境的能力不是與生俱來的,而是多次經(jīng)歷的結(jié)果。9Breadily意為“樂意地,很快地”;approximately意為“大約地,近似地”;randomly意為“任意地,隨機(jī)地”;typically意為“有代表性地,典型地”。根據(jù)句意判斷應(yīng)選B項(xiàng),表示“大約20分鐘后”。10Abesides用作副詞時(shí)意為“此外,還有”;in addition to為介詞詞組,in addition可相當(dāng)于besides表示“此外,再說”;instead意為“代替,而不是”;yet意為“然而,可是”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。第二句句意:“此外,車況很好?!?1A該題應(yīng)用兩個(gè)并列的形容詞作狀語,說明主語the explorers所處的狀態(tài)。C項(xiàng)exhausting意為“令人疲憊的”,不合句意;答案為A項(xiàng),表示“又累又餓”。12Bsell well意為“銷路好”;taste nice意為“嘗起來味道好”,taste為連系動(dòng)詞。13C表示“多”“少”意義的many,much,few,little前面應(yīng)由so修飾,所以第二個(gè)空用so;但是little還有“小”的意思,修飾可數(shù)名詞,這時(shí)little前面應(yīng)由such修飾。該句意為“你相信這么小的男孩們能吃這么多東西嗎?”14Cwell off意為“寬裕的,富有的”;badly off意為“貧困的,境況不好的”。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But表示的邏輯意義判斷,應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)表示“我仍然不如你寬?!?。15Atwice作定語修飾名詞the length,more than作狀語修飾twice,所以答案為A項(xiàng)。

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