廣東省中山市中考英語 語法精講精練 第12節(jié) 句子種類課件 人教新目標(biāo)版

英語英語第第1212節(jié)句子種類節(jié)句子種類考點突破考點突破中考導(dǎo)航中考導(dǎo)航課堂小測課堂小測中考模擬演練中考模擬演練考點考點廣東省卷近五年中考統(tǒng)計廣東省卷近五年中考統(tǒng)計高頻考點高頻考點201120122013201420151.反義疑問句2.感嘆句3.how引出的特殊疑問詞組考情分析：考情分析：從近五年考查情況來看，句子種類是考查的重點，主要考查反義疑問句、感嘆句及由how引出的特殊疑問詞組的辨析，每年至少考查1道題目。為了高效復(fù)習(xí)，在這里我們重點講解反義疑問句、感嘆句及特殊疑問詞的辨析。2016年備考時要重點掌握幾種?？嫉姆戳x疑問句，能正確判斷感嘆句的引導(dǎo)詞是What還是How，能正確選用由how引出的特殊疑問詞組。中考導(dǎo)航中考導(dǎo)航1.反義疑問句的含義 反意疑問句是指問話人對自己的看法、觀點不完全肯定，需要別人來加以證實。它由陳述句與一個簡短的一般疑問句構(gòu)成，中間用逗號隔開。陳述句是肯定句時，反意部分用否定形式，否定形式必須縮寫；陳述句是否定句時，反義部分用肯定形式。即前肯定，后否定；前否定，后肯定。反義部分的主語必須用代詞。如: He goes to work on foot，doesnt he? 他步行去上班，是嗎? 首頁首頁末頁末頁考點突破考點突破考點考點1. 1. 反義疑問句反義疑問句( () )首頁首頁末頁末頁2.反意疑問句的三種基本結(jié)構(gòu) (1)結(jié)構(gòu)一：肯定的陳述句+否定的附加問句(前肯后否) Its Tuesday today，isnt itisnt it? 今天星期二，是嗎？ She often has lunch at school，doesnt shedoesnt she? 她常在學(xué)校吃午飯，對嗎？ They went to the Great Wall yesterday，didnt theydidnt they? 他們昨天去的長城，是嗎？ 前面陳述部分是肯定形式，后面附加問句用否定形式。附加問句的主謂部分通常由陳述部分的主謂語來決定，即人稱一致、時態(tài)一致。 考點突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁(2)結(jié)構(gòu)二：否定的陳述句+肯定的附加問句(前否后肯) You cantcant do it，can youcan you? 你不能做，是嗎？ Tom doesnt doesnt speak French，does hdoes he? 湯姆不會說法語，對嗎？ 當(dāng)陳述部分有hardly，seldom，few，little，no，never，nothing，nobody，nowhere等否定詞時，附加疑問部分要用肯定形式。如：She nevernever tells a lie，doesdoes she? 她從來不撒謊，是嗎？ NobodyNobody can answer the question，cancan they? 沒有人能回答這個問題，是嗎？ FewFew people know about it，dodo they? 幾乎沒有人知道有關(guān)這件事情，是嗎？ He was seldomseldom late， waswas he? 他很少遲到，是嗎？ Neither Neither you nor I canor I can work it out，cancan we? 你我都不能算出它，對嗎？ 考點突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁(3)結(jié)構(gòu)三：祈使句+附加問句 Stop talking，will youwill you? 停止講話，好嗎？ You feed the bird today，will youwill you? 今天你喂鳥，好嗎？ Dont make any noise，will youwill you? 不要吵鬧，好嗎？ Let us go home together，will youwill you？ 讓我們一起回家，好嗎？ Lets have a rest，shall weshall we? 咱們休息一會兒，行嗎？ 考點突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁祈使句的反意疑問句，若前面是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，則附加問句只能用will you。若前面是肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，附加問句用will you，也可用wont/would/can/cannt you或shall we等，它形式上是反意疑問句，但并不表示正式的疑問句，也不表示反意，而是表示邀請或表示請求。 lets用于提出建議并包括對方時，其附加問句用shall we。let us表示征求對方許可，其附加問句用will you。let+第三人稱時，其附加問句用will you。這種反意疑問句往往用來表示進(jìn)一步征求對方的意見，使口氣變的客氣，委婉一些?？键c突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁3.五種特殊情況的反意疑問句 (1)當(dāng)陳述部分是Im 時，附加疑問句通常用arent I。 I am a very honest man，arent Iarent I? 我是一個非常誠實的人，是嗎？ (2)當(dāng)陳述部分是I wish 時，附加疑問句通常用may I。 I wish to go with them，may Imay I? 我想同他們一起去，可以嗎？ (3)當(dāng)陳述部分為省略句時,附加疑問句的主語通常應(yīng)視省略的情況而定。 A nice girl，isnt sheisnt she? 她是個好姑娘，對吧？ What a nice day，isnt iisnt it? 天氣真好，是吧？ (4)當(dāng)陳述部分有used to時，附加疑問句可用used to或did。 He used to live in the country，usednt(didntusednt(didnt) he) he? 他過去常住在鄉(xiāng)村，是嗎？ (5)當(dāng)陳述部分有had better時，附加疑問句用had。 We had better do it by ourselves，hadnt wehadnt we? 我們最好靠我們自己做，好嗎？ 考點突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁 4.反意疑問句的回答 對于反意疑問句的回答，總的一個原則是：不管問題的提法如何，只要事實上是肯定的，就用yes回答，事實上是否定的，就用no回答。但當(dāng)陳述部分是否定句時，回答譯成漢語時不一樣。如： You dont want to go out，do you? 你不想出去，對吧？ Yes，I do.No，I dont. 不，我想出去。對，我不想出去。 考點突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁( )1. (2012廣東)You havent been to the West Lake, have you? .But I will go there with my parents this summer vacation. A.No, I havent B.No, I didnt C.Yes, I have D.Yes, I did 考點突破考點突破母題訓(xùn)練母題訓(xùn)練AA中考預(yù)測中考預(yù)測( )5. He didnt go to the concert yesterday, did he? .He was busy studying for the tests all day. A.No, he didnt B.Yes, he did C.No, he did D.Yes, he didnt 首頁首頁末頁末頁考點突破考點突破母題訓(xùn)練母題訓(xùn)練CB中考預(yù)測中考預(yù)測 ( )2. (2011廣東)Alice had nothing for breakfast this morning, ? No.She got up too late. A.had she B.hadnt she C.did she D.didnt she ( )6. Shes never spoken to a foreigner, ? Yes.Shes active and can speak English freely. A.is she B.has she C.isnt she D.hasnt she 首頁首頁末頁末頁考點突破考點突破母題訓(xùn)練母題訓(xùn)練AC中考預(yù)測中考預(yù)測( )3. (2010廣東)The boy has a new MP4， ? Adoesnt he Bisnt he Cdoes he Dis he ( )7. They can hardly speak English, ? A.cant they B.wont they C.can they D.will they 母題訓(xùn)練母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測中考預(yù)測( )4. (2009廣東)E-mail is very popular today.People seldom write letters now, ? A.did they B.do they C.didnt they D.dont they( )8. Lets visit the National Museum this weekend, ? A.will you B.wont we C.dont we D.shall weBD首頁首頁末頁末頁感嘆句表示說話人的喜悅、氣憤、驚訝等強(qiáng)烈的情緒。感嘆句一般是由what或how開頭。what用來強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞，how則強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞、副詞或動詞。 1. 感嘆句的基本句型 (1) What(+a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語！ What a clever boy he is! 他是個多聰明的男孩！ What cold weather it is! 多冷的天氣?。?What beautiful flowers they are! (它們是)多么漂亮的花?。?What good news it is! 多么好的消息?。?在感嘆句中，what a/an常用來修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，若該名詞前面的形容詞為元音音素開頭，則用what an。what是用來修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。但有些不可數(shù)名詞（rain,surprise,breakfast,lunch等）前面有形容詞修飾，從而使抽象名詞具體化時，則要用what a/an。 考點突破考點突破考點考點2. 2. 感嘆句感嘆句( () )首頁首頁末頁末頁(2) How+形容詞副詞+主語+謂語！ How kind you are! 你心腸真好！ How blue the sky is! 天空是多么藍(lán)??！ How fast they are working! 他們干得真快??！ How he loves his pet! 他是多么喜歡他的寵物！ how還可以修飾動詞構(gòu)成感嘆句，但動詞不提前。如：How well she dances! 她跳的多好呀！ （how 修飾動詞） 考點突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁2. 選用What和How的高效方法 判斷感嘆句的引導(dǎo)詞是What還是How。先把主謂+其他部分去掉，看最后一個詞是名詞用what，是形容詞或副詞用how。若沒有主謂則看句末一詞而定。句末一詞是名詞用what，是形容詞或副詞用how。 What a smart man he is! (主謂是he is，把它們?nèi)サ?，最后一詞是man，名詞，故用What) How excellent he is!(主謂是he is，把它們?nèi)サ?，最后一詞是excellent，形容詞，故用How) What exciting news! (本句沒有主謂，最后一詞是news，名詞，故用What) 考點突破考點突破考點突破考點突破母題訓(xùn)練母題訓(xùn)練( )1. (20145廣東) So far,Su Bringtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds._ he runs! A.How slow B.How fast C.What a slow D.What a fast( )5. _ weather it is ! We can go boating on the Dongchang Lake.A.How bad B.How goodC.What good D.What bad中考預(yù)測中考預(yù)測BC首頁首頁末頁末頁( )2. (2014廣東) Do you know Wang Feng? He can remember 100 groups of numbers in five minutes. Yes. man he is! A.What a smart B.How smart C.What a stupid D.How stupid 考點突破考點突破母題訓(xùn)練母題訓(xùn)練AA中考預(yù)測中考預(yù)測( )6. beautiful flowers they are! Lets go to take some photos. A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 首頁首頁末頁末頁考點突破考點突破母題訓(xùn)練母題訓(xùn)練AA中考預(yù)測中考預(yù)測( )3. (2013廣東)Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature last year. excellent he is! A.How B.What C.What a D.What an ( )7. exciting news! Weve never had such a long vacation before. A.What B.What a C.What an D.How首頁首頁末頁末頁考點突破考點突破母題訓(xùn)練母題訓(xùn)練AA中考預(yù)測中考預(yù)測( )4. (2009廣東) terrible weather we had last Sunday! A.What B.What a C.Such D.How ( )8. Look! happily the children are playing over there! A.How B.What C.What a D.How a首頁首頁末頁末頁特殊疑問句是用疑問詞引導(dǎo)的疑問句。它不用yes或no來回答，而應(yīng)該根據(jù)實際情況用較為完整的句子作答。常用的特殊疑問詞有:who，whom，whose，which，what，when，where，why，how以及how引出的詞組how many，how long，how often，how soon,how far等。在這里重點講講how引出的詞組的辨析。 考點突破考點突破考點考點3. how3. how引出的特殊疑問詞組引出的特殊疑問詞組( () )首頁首頁末頁末頁辨析：辨析：how引出的疑問詞組引出的疑問詞組 (1)how often 意為“多久一次”，提問頻率。 表示頻率的副詞有always(總是), usually(通常), often(常常), sometimes/at times(有時), seldom(很少、不常), hardly(幾乎不), never(決不、從來不)等； 短語有once a day/week/month/year (每天、周、月或年一次)；twice a day/week/month/year (每天、周、月或年兩次)；three times a day(每天三次)； 與every開頭的短語也表示頻率，例如every day/week/month/year (每天、周、月或年)；every five minutes(每五分鐘)，every two hours(每兩小時)等。 (2)how far 意為“多遠(yuǎn)”，提問兩地之間的距離。 表示兩地間距離的短語常見的有five kilometers(五千米), a few miles(數(shù)英里), ten minutes walk(十分鐘的步行路程), three hours ride(三小時的車程)等考點突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁(3)how long 有兩種用法 how long意為“多長時間、多久”，提問一段時間，這是其主要用法。 表示一段時間的短語有：“for+一段時間” 意為“長達(dá)”，如for four days(長達(dá)四天)；“since+時間點或時間狀語從句” 意為“自從以來”，如since 1968/yesterday/two days ago(自從1968年/昨天/兩天前以來)等。 how long意為“多長”，提問事物的長度。 使用時要注意與how far的區(qū)別。how far強(qiáng)調(diào)某兩個地點之間的距離，在疑問句中一般會出現(xiàn)兩個地點。how long提問單個事物本身的長短，與距離無關(guān)。如： How long is the Great Wall? 長城有多遠(yuǎn)？ Around 6,700 kilometers long. 約6,700千米長。 How long is the sofa? 沙發(fā)有多長？ Its two meters long. 兩米長。 考點突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁 (4)how soon 意為“多久以后”，對“in+一段時間”提問，意為“之后(內(nèi))”，表示從現(xiàn)在到將來動作發(fā)生時為止的一段時間，常與一般將來時態(tài)連用。 如in some weeks(數(shù)周后)。 (5)how much 有兩種用法 “多少錢”，對價格或價錢提問，相當(dāng)于“Whats the price of sth.？” 意為“某物多少錢？”。 How much is the bike? =Whats the price of the bike? 自行車的價格是多少？ 50. 五十美元。 “多少”，對不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問，有時how much接的不可數(shù)名詞可省略。 How much bread would you like? 你要多少面包？ Five kilos of bread. 五公斤。 考點突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁 (6)how many “多少”，對復(fù)數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問，有時how many接的復(fù)數(shù)名詞可省略。 How many watches do you want? 你要幾塊手表？ Two watches. 兩塊?？键c突破考點突破首頁首頁末頁末頁( )1. (2013廣東) is it from the village to your farm? About 10 minutes walk. A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.How far考點突破考點突破母題訓(xùn)練母題訓(xùn)練DA中考預(yù)測中考預(yù)測( )3. do you visit your grandparents？ Twice a month. A.How often B.How long C.How soon D.How far 首頁首頁末頁末頁考點突破考點突破母題訓(xùn)練母題訓(xùn)練AB中考預(yù)測中考預(yù)測( )2. (2010廣東) will you come back? In an hour. A.How soon B.How often C.How far D.How long ( )4. Kate, do you know it is from here to the gym? About twenty minutes walk. A.how long B.how far C.how soon D.how often 課堂小測課堂小測( )1.（2015貴州安順）Dont be late for school next time, _? No, I wont.A.are you B. will you C. do youD. did you( )2.（2015四川宜賓） Nancy, seep the classroom, _?A.dont you B. do youC. will youD. doesnt she( )3.（2015內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特） We have to finish the work now, _? A. dont weB. havent weC. have weD. do we( )4.(2015湖北襄陽)The passenger ship Eastern Star capsized(傾覆) in the Yangtze River on the evening of June 1st._ bad news! Can we do something to help with the rescue(救援)?A. What a B. What C. How a D. HowBCAB課堂小測課堂小測( )5.(2015湖北宜昌) Our team has won the first prize in the soccer games.Congratulations! team you are! A.How great B. What a great C. What great D. How a great( )6.(2015廣西玉林)_ interesting the book is ! I want to buy one, too.A.How B. What C. How an D. What an ( )7.(2015遼寧丹東)_ exciting the movie is!Sure, I have seen it three times.A.What B.What an C.How D. How an ( )8.(2015遼寧錦州)_ excellent news reporter he is! All of us are proud of him.A.What B.What an C.How D.What a BACB課堂小測課堂小測( )9.(2015上海) _ important it is for kids to imagine freely!A.What B. What a C.What an D. How( )10.(2015云南)_ _useful robot! It can help with the housework like a human servant. A.How B.What an C.How a D.What a ( )11.(2015貴州安順)Listen! Someone is playing the piano.Wow! beautiful music! I like it very much.A.WhatB. How a C. What a D. How( )12.(2015山東東營) interesting TV program 6/Running Man is ! I watch it every week.A. How B. Wh at C. What a D. What anDDAD課堂小測課堂小測( )13.(2015江蘇連云港)What programme is so attractive?The guard of honor(儀仗隊） of the PLA are taking part in the parade on Red Square._ exciting event!A.How a B.What an C. How an D. What a( )14.(2015山東濟(jì)寧)Wow! _ beautiful the music is!Yes. Thats my favorite.A.Wha B. What a C. What an D. How ( )15.(2015遼寧營口)Bob, _ is it from your home to school?Its about ten minutes walk.A.how long B. how far C. how often D. how soon( )16.(2015江蘇揚(yáng)州)_ pocket money do you usually get every month?Fifty yuan. What about you?A.How often B.How long C.How many D.How muchBDBD課堂小測課堂小測( )17.(2015江蘇淮安)Mr. Smith. _ is the new bridge?Oh, let me see! Its about 800 metres.A.how old B.how long C.how much D.how often( )18.(2015湖北宜昌)Can you tell me _ your online shopping will arrive?In three days, I think. A.how long B. how soon C. how far D. how much( )19.(2015山東泰安) do I need to feed the pet dog?Twice a day.A.How long B. How much C. How soon D. How often( )20.(2015山東臨沂) _ people travel every year? Perhaps when we are talking about it. More than 100 planes have taken off around the world.A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How oftenBBDA英語英語首頁首頁末頁末頁( )1. She hardly plays computer games every week, ？ Yes.She is a hard-working girl. A.does she B.doesnt she C.didnt she D.wont she ( )2. Few young people in China know about Lady Gaga, ? .She is quite famous here in China. A.do they;No B.do they;Yes C.dont they ; No D.dont they; Yes ( )3. I dont think she will agree with us, ? A.will she B.wont she C.dont you D.do you ( )4. He hardly goes to school by car, he? A.does B.doesnt C.is D.isnt 中考模擬演練中考模擬演練ABAA英語英語首頁首頁末頁末頁( )5. I dont think they can make everything good enough, ? A.do I B.can they C.cant they D.dont I ( )6. Judys never been late for school, she? .She is always the first to get to school every morning. A.is; Yes B.has;No C.isnt; Yes D.hasnt; No ( )7. Your father never watches the drama series on TV, ? .He thinks these drama series are boring and dull. A.does he; Yes, he does. B.does he; No, he doesnt C.doesnt he ; Yes, he does. D.doesnt he ; No, he doesnt. 中考模擬演練中考模擬演練BBB英語英語首頁首頁末頁末頁( )8. The six students from Lianyungang got the first prize in the Chinese Characters Dictation Competition in Jiangsu. exciting news it is! A.What B.How C.What an D.How an ( )9. delicious these beef noodles are! A.What B.How C.What a D.How a ( )10. interesting the film is! Yes.I have seen it twice. A.What B.How C.What an D.How an 中考模擬演練中考模擬演練ABB英語英語首頁首頁末頁末頁( )11. fantastic documentary it is! Do you mean the hot film “Diaoyu IslandThe Truth”? A.How B.How a C.What D.What a ( )12 . role she played in the movie! Thats why she has a lot of fans. A.How interesting B.How an interesting C.What interesting D.What an interesting ( )13. brave Zhang Hua is! Yes.He helped his neighbour, Mrs.Sun out of the fire. A.What a B.How C.How a D.What ( )14. do you go to the supermarket, Amy?Once a week. A.How many B.How much C.How far D.How often 中考模擬演練中考模擬演練DDBD英語英語首頁首頁末頁末頁( )15. will the fog and haze last?Ive no idea.There is no sign of an end. A.How soon B.How far C.How long D.How often ( )16. have you been in Chongqing?For five years. A.How many B.How soon C.How much D.How long ( )17. people are there in your family?Three. A.How often B.How long C.How many D.How much ( )18. will the dinner be ready?Just a minute. A.How much B.How long C.How soon D.How often 中考模擬演練中考模擬演練CDCC首頁首頁末頁末頁( )19. He has never been to the United States, ? Aisnt he Bdoesnt he Chasnt he Dhas he ( )20. The lady couldnt say a word when she saw the snake, ? A.could the lady B.couldnt the lady C.could she D.couldnt she ( )21. You havent been to Beijing, have you? .How I wish to go there! A.Yes, I have B.No, I have C.No, I havent D.Yes, I havent D中考模擬演練中考模擬演練CC首頁首頁末頁末頁( )22. Lets go and play football, ?Thats wonderful. A.will you B.do you C.wont we D.shall we ( )23 Lucy didnt come to school yesterday, did she? ,though she was not feeling very well ANo，she didnt BYes，she did CYes，she didnt DNo，she did ( )24. Mom, my grandfather goes for a walk after supper every day, ? A.does he B.is he C.doesnt he D.isnt he ( )25. exciting sport it is to go bike riding! A.What a B.What an C.What D.How D中考模擬演練中考模擬演練BCB首頁首頁末頁末頁( )26. fun it is to have ice cream in hot summer! A.What a B.How C.What D.How a ( )27. great picture! Who painted it? A.How B.What C.How a D.What a ( )28. lovely the squirrel is! A.What a B.How C.What D.How a B中考模擬演練中考模擬演練DB首頁首頁末頁末頁( )29. necessary thing it is to join the “Clean Your Plate” Campaign(光盤行動). A.What B.What a C.How D.How a ( )30. good time they had last weekend! A.How B.What C.What a D.How a ( )31. fine weather today! Why not go out for a walk? A.What a B.What C.How D.How a ( )32. I watched the NBA game last night. amazing game it was! A.What an B.How an C.What D.How B中考模擬演練中考模擬演練CBA首頁首頁末頁末頁( )33. Look at the cloud! It looks like a rabbit!Wow. beautiful! A.What B.What a C.How D.How a ( )34. do you go to the sports club?At least once a week. A.How long B.How often C.How much D.How far ( )35. will the breakfast be ready? Its late for work.In a minute. A.How soon B.How often C.How long D.How much ( )36. Excuse me, Sir. is it from here to the nearest shopping mall? Well, only about five minutes walk. A.How often B.How long C.How far D.How soon C中考模擬演練中考模擬演練BAC首頁首頁末頁末頁( )37. will your father come back from Beijing?In two days. A.How often B.How long C.How far D.How soon ( )38. Look at the flowers I gave you last month.They are dying! do you water them? Sorry, I forgot to water them. A.How long B.How often C.How soon D.How much ( )39. Can you tell me do you usually play football？ Once a week. A.How soon B.How long C.How often D.How far ( )40. is the moon away from the earth? Its about 383, 000 kilometers. A.How long B.How soon C.How often D.How far D中考模擬演練中考模擬演練BCD英語英語首頁首頁末頁末頁