高考英語二輪 動詞和動詞短語課件

動詞和動詞短語年份年份數(shù)量數(shù)量考點考點201320122011動詞辨析動詞辨析9710動詞短語辨析動詞短語辨析1313131. (2013浙江高考浙江高考)When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to _ it with important points. A. conclude B. leadC. avoid D. hold【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：當(dāng)小組討論接近尾聲?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：當(dāng)小組討論接近尾聲時，一定要以重點而結(jié)束。時，一定要以重點而結(jié)束。conclude結(jié)束；結(jié)束；lead指導(dǎo)指導(dǎo), 指引；指引；avoid避免；避免；hold抓住抓住, 握住。故選握住。故選A。2. (2013江蘇高考江蘇高考)The town is so beautiful! I just love it. Me too. The character of the town is well _. A. qualified B. preserved C. decorated D. simplified【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：。考查動詞辨析。句意：這個城鎮(zhèn)真美！這個城鎮(zhèn)真美！我很喜歡。我很喜歡。我也一樣。這個城鎮(zhèn)的特色保持得很好。我也一樣。這個城鎮(zhèn)的特色保持得很好。qualify有資格，合格；有資格，合格；preserve保護，保持，腌制；保護，保持，腌制；decorate裝飾；裝飾；simplify使簡化。使簡化。3. (2013天津高考天津高考)If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to _ a hand. A. lend B. shake C. wave D. want【解析解析】選選A。考查動詞辨析。句意：如果你有困難，邁克。考查動詞辨析。句意：如果你有困難，邁克總是愿意伸出援手?？偸窃敢馍斐鲈?。lend借；借；shake搖動；搖動；wave揮手；揮手；want想。想。lend a hand幫忙。幫忙。4. (2013新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)Try not to cough more than you can _ since it may cause problems to your lungs. A. check B. allow C. stop D. help【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：盡量能控制咳嗽就別。考查動詞辨析。句意：盡量能控制咳嗽就別咳嗽，因為會傷到肺?？人裕驗闀椒?。check檢查；檢查；allow允許；允許；stop停止；停止；help幫助。幫助。can help (doing) sth. 表示表示“阻止或避免阻止或避免(做做)某事某事”。5. (2013新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)The watch was very good, and he _ 20 percent down for it. A. paid B. cost C. bought D. spent【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：這塊表很好，他八折?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：這塊表很好，他八折買的。買的。pay +money +for sth. 為某物付多少錢；為某物付多少錢；cost表示表示“花花費費”時，主語是物不是人；時，主語是物不是人；buy sb. sth. /buy sth. for sb. 為某為某人買某物；人買某物；spend +money+on sth. /in doing sth. 在某物在某物/做某做某事上花多少錢。故選事上花多少錢。故選A。6. (2013江西高考江西高考)She _ the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour. A. connected B. fittedC. equipped D. matched【解析解析】 選選D。考查動詞辨析。句意：在顏色上，她把地毯?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：在顏色上，她把地毯和好看的窗簾搭配起來。和好看的窗簾搭配起來。connect聯(lián)系，連接；聯(lián)系，連接；fit安裝；安裝；equip裝備；裝備；match相稱，搭配。根據(jù)句意，選相稱，搭配。根據(jù)句意，選D。7. (2013福建高考福建高考)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _ spending quite a lot of time with students. A. enjoys B. involvesC. practices D. suggests【解析解析】選選B。考查動詞辨析。句意：米歇爾找到了一份當(dāng)?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：米歇爾找到了一份當(dāng)高中老師的工作，這份工作涉及和學(xué)生一起度過許多時間。高中老師的工作，這份工作涉及和學(xué)生一起度過許多時間。involve包含，涉及；包含，涉及；enjoy享受，喜歡；享受，喜歡；practice練習(xí)；練習(xí)；suggest建議，暗示。建議，暗示。8. (2013湖北高考湖北高考)While intelligent people can often _ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple. A. sacrifice B. substitute C. simplify D. survive【解析解析】選選C?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：智者經(jīng)常能夠簡化復(fù)?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：智者經(jīng)常能夠簡化復(fù)雜的問題，而愚人更可能把簡單的事情復(fù)雜化。雜的問題，而愚人更可能把簡單的事情復(fù)雜化。sacrifice犧牲；犧牲；substitute替代，頂替；替代，頂替；simplify簡化；簡化；survive幸存下來。根幸存下來。根據(jù)句意可知選據(jù)句意可知選C項。項。9. (2013湖北高考湖北高考)According to the law, all foreigners have to _ with the local police within two weeks of arrival. A. associate B. dispute C. negotiate D. register【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：依據(jù)法律，所有的外。考查動詞辨析。句意：依據(jù)法律，所有的外國人在到達后的兩周內(nèi)必須到當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀肿缘怯洝嗽诘竭_后的兩周內(nèi)必須到當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀肿缘怯?。associate聯(lián)系聯(lián)系, 結(jié)交；結(jié)交；dispute爭論；爭論；negotiate談判；談判；register登登記，注冊。根據(jù)句意可知選記，注冊。根據(jù)句意可知選D項。項。10. (2013新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight? A. come along B. come offC. come across D. come through【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：今晚你愿意和我。考查動詞短語辨析。句意：今晚你愿意和我們一起去看電影嗎？們一起去看電影嗎？come along一起來，出現(xiàn)，進展，趕快；一起來，出現(xiàn)，進展，趕快；come off實現(xiàn)，舉行；實現(xiàn)，舉行；come across被理解，偶然碰到；被理解，偶然碰到；come through傳出，恢復(fù)。傳出，恢復(fù)。11. (2013浙江高考浙江高考)Bears _ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep. A. pack up B. build upC. bring up D. take up【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：熊在整個夏天和?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：熊在整個夏天和秋天積蓄脂肪以便有足夠的精力度過冬眠期。秋天積蓄脂肪以便有足夠的精力度過冬眠期。pack up停止，停止，收工；收工；build up逐漸增加；逐漸增加；bring up撫養(yǎng)，使撫養(yǎng)，使長大；長大；take up開始從事，占據(jù)開始從事，占據(jù)(時間、空間等時間、空間等)。故選。故選 B。12. (2013天津高考天津高考)I had hoped to take a holiday this year, but I wasnt able to _. A. get away B. drop inC. check out D. hold on【解析解析】選選A。考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我原本希望今年?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：我原本希望今年去度假的，但是我沒能休假。去度假的，但是我沒能休假。get away離開，逃脫，休假；離開，逃脫，休假；drop in(順便順便)拜訪；拜訪；check out檢查，結(jié)賬離開；檢查，結(jié)賬離開；hold on堅持，堅持，別掛斷。根據(jù)句意選別掛斷。根據(jù)句意選A。13. (2013陜西高考陜西高考)My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has _. A. cut out B. cut downC. cut up D. cut off【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：我叔叔一直沒能。考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我叔叔一直沒能把煙戒掉，但是至少他抽煙少了。把煙戒掉，但是至少他抽煙少了。cut out停止運轉(zhuǎn)，刪去；停止運轉(zhuǎn)，刪去；cut down砍倒，縮減；砍倒，縮減；cut up切碎；切碎；cut off切斷，切除。根據(jù)切斷，切除。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選句意，應(yīng)選B。14. (2013新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)At the last moment, Tom decided to _ a new character to make the story seem more likely. A. put up B. put inC. put on D. put off【解析解析】選選B。考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在最后一刻，湯。考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在最后一刻，湯姆決定添加一個新的角色以使故事感覺更真實。姆決定添加一個新的角色以使故事感覺更真實。put up舉起，舉起，建立；建立；put in 加入，放入；加入，放入；put on穿上，上演；穿上，上演；put off 推遲。推遲。15. (2013安徽高考安徽高考)Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they _ on their life journey. A. give up B. settle downC. get through D. set off【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：傳統(tǒng)上認(rèn)為，大?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：傳統(tǒng)上認(rèn)為，大學(xué)生舉行畢業(yè)典禮是為了在他們開始生活之旅之前為自己加學(xué)生舉行畢業(yè)典禮是為了在他們開始生活之旅之前為自己加油助威。油助威。set off動身，出發(fā)；動身，出發(fā)；give up放棄；放棄；settle down定居，定居，平靜下來，專心于；平靜下來，專心于；get through完成，接通完成，接通(電話等電話等)。16. (2013遼寧高考遼寧高考)Briggs will _ as general manager when Mitchell retires. A. get away B. take overC. set off D. run out【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：Mitchell退休后退休后Briggs將接替她任總經(jīng)理。將接替她任總經(jīng)理。get away離開，脫身，逃掉；離開，脫身，逃掉；take over接替，接管；接替，接管；set off動身，出發(fā)；動身，出發(fā)；run out用光，用盡。用光，用盡。17. (2013江西高考江西高考)Mother always complains that children _ their shoes very quickly. A. find out B. wash outC. wear out D. set out【解析解析】 選選C?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：母親總是抱怨孩?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：母親總是抱怨孩子們把鞋穿破得太快了。子們把鞋穿破得太快了。find out找出，查明；找出，查明；wash out洗干洗干凈，洗掉；凈，洗掉；wear out穿破；穿破；set out動身，出發(fā)。動身，出發(fā)。18. (2013江蘇高考江蘇高考)Team leaders must ensure that all members_ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over 【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：團隊領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)該確?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：團隊領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)該確保所有成員克服他們的想避免因犯錯而產(chǎn)生尷尬的天性。保所有成員克服他們的想避免因犯錯而產(chǎn)生尷尬的天性。get over克服，解決；克服，解決；look over查看，檢查；查看，檢查；take over接管，接接管，接任；任；come over過來，順便來訪，改變立場。過來，順便來訪，改變立場。熱點考向熱點考向 1 動詞詞義辨析動詞詞義辨析 1. 主要考點主要考點: 考查常見動詞詞義辨析。強調(diào)語言的情境化考查常見動詞詞義辨析。強調(diào)語言的情境化, 把把動詞放在鮮活的語境中進行考查。動詞放在鮮活的語境中進行考查。2. 突破技巧突破技巧: 這類試題的四個選項往往結(jié)構(gòu)相同這類試題的四個選項往往結(jié)構(gòu)相同, 詞形或意義詞形或意義相近。要做好這類試題相近。要做好這類試題, 必須從各個動詞的語意差別、用法特必須從各個動詞的語意差別、用法特點等方面入手點等方面入手, 然后結(jié)合題意選用合適的動詞。然后結(jié)合題意選用合適的動詞?！菊骖}變式真題變式】根據(jù)提示完成句子。根據(jù)提示完成句子。(2012天津高考天津高考)Parents and children should communicate more to _(縮小他們之間的隔縮小他們之間的隔閡閡)so that they can understand each other better. (2011江蘇高考江蘇高考)Are you still mad at her? Not really, but I _(不能否認(rèn)不能否認(rèn))that her remarks hurt me. narrow the gap between themcan t deny熱點考向熱點考向 2 高頻動詞短語意義辨析高頻動詞短語意義辨析主要考點主要考點: 對動詞短語意義的考查主要集中于高頻的動詞短對動詞短語意義的考查主要集中于高頻的動詞短語語, 如如break, bring, call, come, get, go, make, take, turn, put, pick, hold, keep, look, carry, set, cut, show, pull等構(gòu)成的短語等構(gòu)成的短語需要特別關(guān)注需要特別關(guān)注: 1. breakbreak away from放棄放棄, 打破打破; 與與脫離關(guān)系脫離關(guān)系break down 發(fā)生故障發(fā)生故障; (計劃、談判計劃、談判)失敗失敗; (精神、精神、 身體身體)垮掉垮掉; 分解分解break in 闖入闖入, 插嘴插嘴break into 闖入闖入break out (戰(zhàn)爭、瘟疫等戰(zhàn)爭、瘟疫等)爆發(fā)爆發(fā), 突然發(fā)生突然發(fā)生break up 打碎打碎, 分手分手, 分開分開, 關(guān)系破裂關(guān)系破裂2. bringbring about 導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致, 造成造成, 引起引起bring down 使倒下使倒下, 使降低使降低bring in 引進引進; 帶來帶來; 賺得賺得; 收獲收獲bring forward 提出提出; 提前提前bring out 出版出版; 生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn); 使顯現(xiàn)使顯現(xiàn)bring up 撫養(yǎng)撫養(yǎng), 教育教育; 提出提出; 嘔吐嘔吐3. callcall for 要求要求; 需要需要; 去取或去接去取或去接call back 回電話回電話; 回憶起回憶起call in 召集召集; 請請; 召來召來; 順便來訪順便來訪call up 打電話給打電話給; 召集召集; 使想起使想起call off 取消取消call on 號召號召, 拜訪拜訪4. comecome about 發(fā)生發(fā)生come to 蘇醒蘇醒; 總計總計come across 偶遇偶遇; 無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)come true 實現(xiàn)實現(xiàn), 成為現(xiàn)實成為現(xiàn)實(不及物不及物)come out 出版出版; 結(jié)果是結(jié)果是come up (建議、計劃等建議、計劃等)被提出被提出come up with 提出提出(建議、計劃、方案等建議、計劃、方案等)come on 口語口語(催促催促)快點快點; (鼓勵鼓勵)來吧來吧, 加油加油; (不耐煩不耐煩)得了得了, 算了吧算了吧! 5. getget across 解釋清楚解釋清楚; 使使被理解被理解get away from 避免避免; 擺脫擺脫, 逃離逃離get away with 僥幸成功僥幸成功; 僥幸做成僥幸做成get around 四處走動四處走動; 傳播開來傳播開來get down to 開始認(rèn)真做某事開始認(rèn)真做某事get along/on with 進展進展; 與與相處相處get over 克服克服; 從從恢復(fù)或康復(fù)恢復(fù)或康復(fù)get rid of 擺脫擺脫; 除去除去get through 通過通過; 完成完成; 接通電話接通電話6. givegive away 贈送贈送; 泄露泄露; 分發(fā)分發(fā)give back 歸還歸還give in 屈服屈服; 讓步讓步; 投降投降; 認(rèn)輸認(rèn)輸give out 分發(fā)分發(fā); 發(fā)出發(fā)出; 公布公布, 發(fā)表發(fā)表; 用盡用盡; 筋疲力盡筋疲力盡give up 放棄放棄, 對對不再抱有希望不再抱有希望7. gogo against違背違背; 不利于不利于; 反對反對go ahead開始開始(做某事做某事); (表示同意對方提出的要求或建表示同意對方提出的要求或建 議議)說吧說吧! 做吧做吧! 開始吧開始吧! go around參觀參觀; (消息消息)傳播傳播go by 過去過去; 經(jīng)過經(jīng)過go down下降下降; 下沉下沉go on 繼續(xù)繼續(xù); 發(fā)生發(fā)生; 進行進行g(shù)o over 復(fù)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí), 仔細檢查仔細檢查go through穿過穿過; 經(jīng)歷經(jīng)歷; 仔細檢查仔細檢查go with 與與相配相配go without沒有沒有也行也行8. holdhold back 猶豫不決猶豫不決; 隱瞞隱瞞; 阻止阻止; 抑制抑制hold on=hang on 別掛斷電話別掛斷電話; 等一會兒等一會兒; 堅持下去堅持下去hold out 堅持堅持; 伸出伸出hold up 舉起舉起; 阻擋阻擋, 使耽擱使耽擱hold on to 緊緊抓住緊緊抓住; 保持保持, 保留保留; 不放棄不放棄9. keepkeep away from遠離遠離; 避開避開; 回避回避keep back 扣下扣下, 留下留下; 隱瞞隱瞞; 抑制抑制, 克制克制(感情感情)keep on 繼續(xù)繼續(xù); 堅持下去堅持下去keep out of 置身于置身于之外之外; 不卷入不卷入, 不參與不參與; 避開避開keep up 保持保持; 繼續(xù)繼續(xù); 不低落不低落keep up with 跟上跟上, 不落后不落后; 與與并駕齊驅(qū)并駕齊驅(qū)keep an eye out for密切注意密切注意; 留心留心; 警惕警惕keep an eye on 照看照看, 留意留意; 密切注視密切注視10. leaveleave alone不打擾不打擾; 不理不理, 不管不管leave behind留下留下; 丟下丟下, 丟棄丟棄leave out遺漏遺漏, 忽略忽略11. looklook around 環(huán)顧四周環(huán)顧四周look away from 把目光從把目光從移開移開look into 調(diào)查調(diào)查; 窺視窺視look back on/upon 回憶回憶/回顧回顧look up 查找查找, 查詢查詢; 向上看向上看look up to 尊敬尊敬; 敬仰敬仰look down upon 歧視歧視, 看不起看不起look forward to 盼望盼望; 期待期待look through 瀏覽瀏覽; 快速查看快速查看look out(for) 當(dāng)心當(dāng)心, 留意留意, 小心小心look on 旁觀旁觀12. makemake use of 利用利用make up 組成組成; 編造編造; 化妝化妝; 和解和解make up for 補償補償; 彌補彌補make for 走向走向; 有助于有助于; 促成促成, 導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致make sense 有意義有意義; 有道理有道理; 講得通講得通make sense of 理解理解; 弄明白弄明白make out 理解理解; 分辨出分辨出, 辨認(rèn)出辨認(rèn)出make it 成功成功; 成功到達某地成功到達某地; 把某事確定在把某事確定在 某個時間某個時間13. putput aside 撇開撇開; 暫不考慮暫不考慮; 儲蓄儲蓄put away 收拾收拾, 整理整理; 儲存儲存put back 把把放回原處放回原處; 推遲推遲put forward 提出提出; 撥快撥快put down 記下記下, 寫下寫下, 鎮(zhèn)壓鎮(zhèn)壓put out 伸出伸出; 撲滅撲滅; 生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn); 出版出版put up 建造建造, 張貼張貼; 提供住宿提供住宿put up with 忍受忍受; 容忍容忍put on 穿上穿上, 增加增加, 上演上演14. setset aside 劃出劃出; 留出留出; 撥出撥出set about doing sth. 著手做某事著手做某事set out 出發(fā)出發(fā), 動身動身set out to do sth. 著手做某事著手做某事set off 出發(fā)出發(fā), 動身動身; 引起引起; 使爆炸使爆炸set up 建立建立(組織、機構(gòu)組織、機構(gòu)), 創(chuàng)立創(chuàng)立15. turnturn away 走開走開; 轉(zhuǎn)過臉去轉(zhuǎn)過臉去turn down 拒絕拒絕; 關(guān)小關(guān)小, 調(diào)低調(diào)低turn up 開大開大; 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn), 到場到場turn out 結(jié)果是結(jié)果是, 證明是證明是; 生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)turn over 把把翻過來翻過來; 翻閱翻閱, 仔細考慮仔細考慮turn against 反對反對; 背叛背叛turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向轉(zhuǎn)向; 求助于求助于16. taketake after 長得像某人長得像某人take apart 拆開拆開; 拆卸拆卸take back 收回收回, 撤銷撤銷take down 記下記下; 拆卸拆卸; 取下取下take away 帶走帶走, 拿走拿走, 剝奪剝奪take up 從事從事, 開始做開始做; 占據(jù)占據(jù)(時間、空間時間、空間); 著手處理著手處理; 接著做接著做(停頓的事情停頓的事情, 如談話如談話)take in 吸收吸收; 接受接受; 理解理解, 欺騙欺騙take off 起飛起飛; 脫下脫下; 成功成功, 事業(yè)飛黃騰達事業(yè)飛黃騰達take on 呈現(xiàn)呈現(xiàn); 具有具有; 承擔(dān)承擔(dān); 雇用雇用take over 接管接管, 接收接收take advantage of 利用利用take it/things easy 放松放松, 別緊張別緊張take your time 慢慢來慢慢來, 別著急別著急take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事采取措施做某事take action 采取行動采取行動【真題變式真題變式】根據(jù)漢語提示用正確的動詞短語完成句子。根據(jù)漢語提示用正確的動詞短語完成句子。(2012全國卷全國卷)Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _(記下記下)almost every word her teacher says. (2012福建高考福建高考)You had better _(留出留出)some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic. put down/set down/write downset aside (2012陜西高考陜西高考)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system _(出故障，出問題出故障，出問題). (2012浙江高考浙江高考)Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _(開始準(zhǔn)備開始準(zhǔn)備) your business plan. broke downset out to prepare/set about preparing /begin to prepare (2012四川高考四川高考)Its surprising that your brother _(學(xué)會學(xué)會) Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long. (2011四川高考四川高考)To get a better grade, you should _(復(fù)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí))the notes again before the test. (2011全國卷全國卷)I can _(忍受忍受)the house being untidy，but I hate it if its not clean. picked upgo overput up with熱點考向熱點考向 3 常見的系動詞的用法常見的系動詞的用法1. 表示變化類的系動詞，如表示變化類的系動詞，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall, make等。等。2. 表示感覺類的系動詞，如表示感覺類的系動詞，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。等。3. 表示狀態(tài)類的系動詞，如表示狀態(tài)類的系動詞，如keep, remain, stand, stay, lie等。等。4. 表示表示“像像”類系動詞，主要有類系動詞，主要有seem, appear, look, 表示表示“看看起來，似乎，顯得起來，似乎，顯得”。5. 此類系動詞的特點：只適用于主動語態(tài)；只用于一般此類系動詞的特點：只適用于主動語態(tài)；只用于一般時態(tài)時態(tài)(一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時，不能用于進行時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時，不能用于進行時態(tài))。【真題變式真題變式】理解下列句子中畫線詞的用法。理解下列句子中畫線詞的用法。(2012江西高考江西高考)We were all agreed that the cottage would make a perfect holiday home for the family. 【解析解析】句中句中make為系動詞，其后接名詞作表語，意為為系動詞，其后接名詞作表語，意為“變變成，成為成，成為”。(2010四川高考四川高考)Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what looks nice. 【解析解析】句中句中l(wèi)ooks為系動詞，其后接形容詞作表語，意為為系動詞，其后接形容詞作表語，意為“看起來看起來”。熱點考向熱點考向 4 動詞的熟詞生義用法動詞的熟詞生義用法 很多動詞在不同的語境中有不同的意義，有的是經(jīng)常使很多動詞在不同的語境中有不同的意義，有的是經(jīng)常使用的意義，有些詞的一些意義學(xué)生不熟悉，因此要進行專門用的意義，有些詞的一些意義學(xué)生不熟悉，因此要進行專門復(fù)習(xí)，它們是：復(fù)習(xí)，它們是：1. act (熟義：熟義： v. & n. 行動行動)It will take several hours before the drug really acts. (生義生義: vi. 起作用起作用)2. address (熟義：熟義： n. 地址；地址；vt. 寫地址寫地址)President Obama was scheduled to address the American people on the evening of May 7. (生義生義: vt. 向向做演說做演說)3. appreciate (熟義：熟義：vt. 欣賞，感激，感謝欣賞，感激，感謝)They soon appreciated that it must be a well-designed trap. (生生義義: v. 意識到意識到)4. attend (熟義：熟義：vt. 參加，出席參加，出席) With several patients to attend that night, the nurse felt very tired. (生義生義: vt. 照料，照顧照料，照顧)With three kids attending high school in the town, the couple had to work day and night to earn more money. (生義生義: vt. 上學(xué)上學(xué))5. count (熟義：熟義： n. & v. 計數(shù)，數(shù)計數(shù)，數(shù))It is not what you are thinking but what you are doing that counts. (生義生義: v. 重要，有價值重要，有價值)6. escape (熟義：熟義：vi. 逃跑，逃脫逃跑，逃脫)I saw a familiar face in the crowd. However, his name escaped me for the moment. (生義生義: vt. 被忘掉被忘掉)The harmful gases are escaping from the pipe. (生義生義: vi. 泄漏，泄漏，漏出漏出)7. fail (熟義：熟義： vi. 失敗失敗)Fresh vegetables used to fail in winter. (生義生義: vi. 不足，缺乏不足，缺乏)With time passing by, his memory is failing. (生義生義: vi. 衰退衰退)Try as the family might, they failed to find the lost child in the town. (生義生義: vi. 未能未能)8. introduce (熟義：熟義： vt. 介紹介紹)When tomatoes were first introduced into Europe, they didnt accept them at all. (生義生義: vt. 引入引入)9. make (熟義：熟義：vt. 制造制造)New laws have been made to protect the interests of the farmers. (生義生義: vt. 制定制定)He is making his own trouble by doing this. (生義生義: vt. 引起，導(dǎo)引起，導(dǎo)致，造成致，造成)She will make a great teacher. (生義生義: vt. 成為，使形成成為，使形成)10. observe (熟義：熟義： vt. 觀察觀察)Having lived abroad for many years, he still observed the old traditions and customs. (生義生義: vt. 遵守遵守)Every year, we will observe the traditional Spring Festival in different ways. (生義生義: vt. 慶祝慶祝)11. promise (熟義：熟義：v. &n. 許諾，承諾，諾言許諾，承諾，諾言)The young man promises to be a great thinker in the future. (生義生義: vi. 有有的希望，有的希望，有的可能性的可能性)12. work (熟義：熟義： v. & n. 工作工作)The medicine will soon work. (生義生義: vi. 起作用起作用)The machine works very well. (生義：生義：vi. 運轉(zhuǎn)運轉(zhuǎn))【真題變式真題變式】正確理解下面畫線動詞的含義。正確理解下面畫線動詞的含義。(2012浙江高考浙江高考)According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to decline from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22. 【解析解析】從本句中的從本句中的after reaching the highest level at 22可知，可知，這里指人的思維能力從這里指人的思維能力從27歲開始歲開始“下降或衰退下降或衰退”。(2011全國卷全國卷)William found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 【解析解析】學(xué)生一般理解學(xué)生一般理解fail一詞意為一詞意為“失敗、不及格，未能做失敗、不及格，未能做成成”，而在本句中，而在本句中fail則意為則意為“衰弱，減弱，消失，衰退衰弱，減弱，消失，衰退”, 本句意為本句意為“威廉發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀越來越困難，因為他的視力開始下威廉發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀越來越困難，因為他的視力開始下降降”?！久}小試命題小試】請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容命制一道考查動詞短語辨析的題目。請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容命制一道考查動詞短語辨析的題目。Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for the talent show dropped out at the last moment. 【參考答案參考答案】Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for the talent show_at the last moment. A. left out B. got outC. passed out D. dropped out【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：理查德先生很失望，?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：理查德先生很失望，很多報名參加這次才藝表演的學(xué)生，在最后時刻退出了。很多報名參加這次才藝表演的學(xué)生，在最后時刻退出了。leave out 遺漏，忽略；遺漏，忽略；get out 出去，離開，逃脫；出去，離開，逃脫；pass out 昏倒，失去知覺；昏倒，失去知覺；drop out 退出，輟學(xué)。故正確選項為退出，輟學(xué)。故正確選項為D。易錯點易錯點 1 語境理解不清，造成短語誤用語境理解不清，造成短語誤用(母題母題)The police _to look into the case a week ago, but so far they havent found evidence that the man is guilty. A. set about B. set upC. set out D. set down【解析解析】選選C?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意。考查動詞短語辨析。句意: 警方一周前開始調(diào)警方一周前開始調(diào)查這一案件，但是到目前為止，他們還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)那個男子犯查這一案件，但是到目前為止，他們還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)那個男子犯罪的證據(jù)。罪的證據(jù)。set out to do sth. 開始做某事，符合句子語境。開始做某事，符合句子語境。set about需要跟需要跟doing sth. 表示表示“開始做某事開始做某事”；set up建立，創(chuàng)建立，創(chuàng)立，成立；立，成立；set down寫下，記下。故選寫下，記下。故選C。(變式變式) Joan was unhappy because the news about the earthquake striking her country _ an attack of homesickness. A. set aside B. set outC. set about D. set off 【解析解析】選選D。考查動詞短語辨析。句意：?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：Joan感到很不高興，感到很不高興，因為她的家鄉(xiāng)遭受地震襲擊的消息引起了她的思鄉(xiāng)之情。因為她的家鄉(xiāng)遭受地震襲擊的消息引起了她的思鄉(xiāng)之情。set aside留出，把留出，把擱在一邊；擱在一邊；set out 出發(fā)，起程；出發(fā)，起程；set about著手做某事；著手做某事；set off 引起，激起。故本題正確答案為引起，激起。故本題正確答案為D?！菊`區(qū)點撥誤區(qū)點撥】set aside留出留出(時間、金錢等時間、金錢等)；把；把擱在一邊擱在一邊set out to do sth. =set about doing sth. 著手做某事著手做某事set off出發(fā)，動身；引起，激起出發(fā)，動身；引起，激起 易錯點易錯點 2 動詞的熟詞生義用法誤用動詞的熟詞生義用法誤用(母題母題)(2011安徽高考安徽高考)As the story_, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：隨著故事的展開，那位。考查動詞辨析。句意：隨著故事的展開，那位奇特人物的真實情況被慢慢地揭示出來。奇特人物的真實情況被慢慢地揭示出來。develop發(fā)展，展開。發(fā)展，展開。(變式變式)It was when Chuck Noland was deserted on a lonely island that he began to _friendship with a volleyball. A. preserve B. develop C. keep D. value 【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：正是當(dāng)。考查動詞辨析。句意：正是當(dāng)Chuck Noland被拋在一個荒島上時，他開始和一只排球建立了友誼。被拋在一個荒島上時，他開始和一只排球建立了友誼。develop friendship with sb. 與某人建立友誼。與某人建立友誼。preserve 保存，保存，保持；保持；keep 保持；保持；value 珍惜。珍惜。【誤區(qū)點撥誤區(qū)點撥】1. (2013天津模擬天津模擬)Changing the design of a new product maythe risk of its production in the market. A. bring aboutB. come aboutC. bring up D. come up【解析解析】選選A。考查動詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意: 改變一種新產(chǎn)品的改變一種新產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計可能在市場上會對其生產(chǎn)造成風(fēng)險。設(shè)計可能在市場上會對其生產(chǎn)造成風(fēng)險。bring about導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致, 產(chǎn)產(chǎn)生生; come about發(fā)生發(fā)生; bring up撫養(yǎng)撫養(yǎng), 教育教育, 吐出吐出; come up過來過來, 故正確答案為故正確答案為A。2. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature wasto Chinese writer Mo Yan, whose novel Red Sorghum was successfully filmed in 1987. A. returned B. distributedC. abandoned D. awarded【解析解析】選選D。考查動詞辨析。句意?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意: 2012年度諾貝爾文學(xué)獎年度諾貝爾文學(xué)獎被授予了中國作家莫言被授予了中國作家莫言, 他的小說他的小說紅高粱紅高粱在在1987年被成功年被成功拍成了電影。拍成了電影。return歸還歸還; distribute分布分布, 分配分配; abandon放棄放棄, 遺棄遺棄; award授予授予, 獎給。故本題正確答案為獎給。故本題正確答案為D。3. (2013貴陽模擬貴陽模擬)The officialto say more about the plan, so the details of it remain secret. A. agreed B. declinedC. attempted D. declared【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意。考查動詞辨析。句意: 官員婉言拒絕對計劃再官員婉言拒絕對計劃再多說一點多說一點, 因此它的細節(jié)仍然是保密的。因此它的細節(jié)仍然是保密的。agree同意同意; decline謝謝絕絕; attempt嘗試嘗試, 試圖試圖; declare宣布。由此可知本題選宣布。由此可知本題選B。4. Many pupils said they were not happy because varieties of classestheir playtime. A. occupiedB. wastedC. coveredD. divided【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意: 許多學(xué)生說他們不快樂許多學(xué)生說他們不快樂, 因為各種各樣的課占用了他們做游戲的時間。因為各種各樣的課占用了他們做游戲的時間。occupy占用占用, 侵侵占占; waste浪費浪費; cover覆蓋覆蓋, 涉及涉及, 包括包括; divide劃分劃分, 使產(chǎn)生分歧。使產(chǎn)生分歧。由詞義可知由詞義可知, 本題正確答案為本題正確答案為A。5. (2013合肥模擬合肥模擬)My best friend, Amy, is always supportive, so her friendship undoubtedlya great deal to me. A. devotes B. contributesC. means D. submits【解析解析】選選C。考查動詞辨析。句意?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意: 我最好的朋友我最好的朋友, 埃米埃米, 總總是支持我是支持我, 她的友誼對我來說無疑是非常重要的。她的友誼對我來說無疑是非常重要的。devote to專專心于心于, 致力于致力于; contribute to貢獻貢獻, 有助于有助于; mean(a lot/a great deal/much)to sb. (某事某事)對于某人而言非常重要對于某人而言非常重要; submit to順從順從, 聽命于聽命于。故本題的正確選項為。故本題的正確選項為C。6. (2013成都模擬成都模擬)As the road to the airport is under reconstruction, we d betterearly to avoid the traffic jam. A. get off B. set offC. put off D. take off【解析解析】選選B。考查動詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意: 因為通向機場的道因為通向機場的道路正在重建路正在重建, 所以我們最好還是早點動身避免交通阻塞。所以我們最好還是早點動身避免交通阻塞。set off(也可以說也可以說set out)意為意為“出發(fā)出發(fā), 動身動身, 啟程啟程”。put off意為意為“推遲推遲, 拖延拖延”; take off意為意為“脫掉脫掉(衣服衣服); (飛機飛機)起飛起飛; (事業(yè)事業(yè))騰飛騰飛”; get off意為意為“下車下車”。根據(jù)句意可知選。根據(jù)句意可知選B項。項。7. Too many private cars are trapped on the highways which are free of charge for the first time, causing heavy traffic jams, some evenfor several hours. A. held up B. broken upC. taken up D. given up【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意: 太多的私家車被困太多的私家車被困在第一次實行免費的高速公路上在第一次實行免費的高速公路上, 導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的交通阻塞導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的交通阻塞, 有有些甚至阻塞了幾個小時。些甚至阻塞了幾個小時。hold up阻塞。阻塞。8. The idea of travelling abroad reallya lot of Chinese people. That s why every year witnesses more people applying for passports. A. takes to B. caters toC. attends to D. appeals to【解析解析】選選D。考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)題中的后一句可知?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。根據(jù)題中的后一句可知, 出國旅游吸引了很多中國人出國旅游吸引了很多中國人, 因此選擇因此選擇appeal to意為意為“吸引吸引”。cater to意為意為“迎合迎合, 滿足滿足(某人的要求某人的要求)”; attend to意為意為“照看照看, 處理處理”; take to意為意為“開始喜歡開始喜歡”。9. We are disappointed that the rainy weather hasa picnic for the weekend. A. ruled out B. turned outC. brought out D. taken out【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意。考查動詞短語辨析。句意: 陰雨天氣讓周末的陰雨天氣讓周末的野餐成為了泡影野餐成為了泡影, 我們感到很失望。我們感到很失望。rule out阻止阻止的發(fā)生的發(fā)生, 使使成為不可能成為不可能; turn out結(jié)果是結(jié)果是, 生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn); bring out出版出版, 使顯使顯現(xiàn)現(xiàn); take out取出取出, 去掉。故本題正確選項為去掉。故本題正確選項為A。10. Tom received a promotion to the role of assistant manager and was the youngest person tothat post in this international company. A. adoptB. occupyC. acquireD. seek【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意: 湯姆受到提拔擔(dān)任了助湯姆受到提拔擔(dān)任了助理經(jīng)理的角色。他是這家跨國公司中最年輕的擔(dān)任這一職位理經(jīng)理的角色。他是這家跨國公司中最年輕的擔(dān)任這一職位的人。的人。ad