中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 語法專題10 非謂語動(dòng)詞課件（含13年試題） 人教新目標(biāo)版

專題專題 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞專題專題 1010 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 點(diǎn)睛點(diǎn)睛 在句中充當(dāng)除謂語以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式叫非謂語動(dòng)詞。非謂語動(dòng)詞有三種形式： 不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞)。 考點(diǎn)直擊 1作主語。不定式作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，通常用于it作形式主語的句型中。如：Its impossible for us to finish the work within 3 days. 對(duì)于我們來說，在三天之內(nèi)完成工作是不可能的。1不定式的用法專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 2作表語。不定式放在be動(dòng)詞后面作表語。如： My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天打掃房間。Our plan is to keep the affair secret.我們的計(jì)劃是讓這件事成為秘密。3作定語。不定式作定語時(shí)通常要放在被修飾的詞后，作后置定語。如：I have a lot of housework to do every day. 我每天都有許多家務(wù)活要做。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 注意 有些不及物動(dòng)詞的不定式作定語時(shí)，不定式動(dòng)詞后要加一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。如：I have a room to live in.我有房間住。4作狀語，表明目的、原因等。如：I come here only to say goodbye to you.我來這僅僅是向你告別。(目的狀語)5作賓語。能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞很多，常見的有want, like, wish, hate, prefer, hope, continue, manage, try, ask, offer, start, forget, promise, mean, pretend, begin, decide, learn, agree, choose, expect等。另外，tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget等動(dòng)詞常用一個(gè)帶連接代(副)詞的不定式作賓語。如：專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 She considered how to answer the question. 她考慮如何回答這個(gè)問題。注意 在個(gè)別的介詞后可用“連接代(副)詞不定式”這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。如：Everyone has his own idea of how to do it. 如何做這件事每個(gè)人都有不同的看法。6作賓語補(bǔ)足語。不定式在使役動(dòng)詞let, make, have和感官動(dòng)詞see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find等后作賓語補(bǔ)足語要省略to。如：The teacher let us copy the new words ten times. 老師讓我們抄寫10遍生詞。He told me not to look down on the disabled.他告訴我不要瞧不起殘疾人。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 2動(dòng)名詞的用法 1作主語。如：Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes.過度地玩電腦游戲?qū)δ愕难劬τ泻Α?作賓語。(1)常見的接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞或短語有consider, dislike, enjoy, feel like, finish, give up, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, put off, suggest, cant help(情不自禁), cant stand(無法忍受)等。如：Jack enjoys listening to music.杰克喜歡聽音樂。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 (2)既可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語，又可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞或短語有forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try等，但意義上有區(qū)別。如：I remember doing the exercise. 我記得做過練習(xí)。(已做)I must remember to do it. 我必須記著做這事。(還未做)I tried not to go there. 我設(shè)法不去那里。I tried doing it again. 我試著又做了一次。Stop speaking. 不要講話。He stopped to talk. 他停下來講話。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 (3)look forward to, be used to, be busy，have difficulty/trouble/problem(in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time(in)等動(dòng)詞短語及about, of, for等介詞后也必須接動(dòng)名詞形式。如：I look forward to hearing from you soon. 我盼望早點(diǎn)收到你的來信。Im sorry for coming late. 對(duì)不起我來晚了。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 3作表語。如：My hobby is making all kinds of kites. 我的愛好是制作各種各樣的風(fēng)箏。4作定語。如：There are three reading rooms in our school. 我們學(xué)校有三個(gè)閱覽室。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 3分詞的用法分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，說明動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞表示被動(dòng)，說明動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。1作定語。單個(gè)分詞作前置定語；分詞短語作后置定語。如：The building built last year was designed by my uncle. 那棟去年建造的大樓是我的叔叔設(shè)計(jì)的。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 2作表語。如：The film is interesting. Im interested in it. 這部電影很有趣。我對(duì)它感興趣。3作狀語。如：Laughing and talking, they went into the room. 他們有說有笑地走進(jìn)了房間。4作賓語補(bǔ)足語。分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，通常位于感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞之后。如： Ill have my hair cut. 我想把我的頭發(fā)理一下。 專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 1Students should learn how_ problems. A. solve Bsolving Ccan solve Dto solve22013雅安雅安 Can you finish _these books before 10 oclock? Yes, I can. A. to read Bread Creads Dreading32013內(nèi)江內(nèi)江 Our English teacher often says to us, “_ English well is very important.” A. Learn BLearning CLearned DTo learningDD考點(diǎn)過關(guān) B專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 42013十堰十堰 How kind you are! You always do what you can _ others. A. help Bhelping Chelps Dto help52013 黃岡黃岡 How is your grandma? Shes fine. She used to _ TV at home after supper. But now she is used to _ out for a walk. A. watch; go Bwatching; go Cwatching; going Dwatch; goingDD專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 1If price rises too high, the government has to do something _ it. Astop Bstopped Cstopping Dto stop 解析解析 動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作目的狀語，說明采取措施的目的是阻止物價(jià)上漲。故選D。 D語法專練 專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 2What time do you expect her_？ Aarrive Bis arriving Carriving Dto arrive 解析解析 expect sb to do sth意為“期望/期待某人做某事”，故選D。D專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 3This math problem is too difficult. Can you show me_， George? Awhat to work out Bto work it out Chow to work it out Dhow to work out it4Li Ming advised me _ too much. Anot to drink Bto drink Cnot drinking Dto not drink 解析解析 advise sb not to do sth 意為“建議某人不要做某事”。 AC專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 52012麗水麗水 Today people are encouraged to _paper, plastic and water for a better environment. AuseBwaste CrecycleDmake C 解析解析 encourage sb to do sth 意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”，recycle意為“循環(huán)利用”。 專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 62013杭州杭州 Shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains. Ato go B. going Cgo D. went72013衢州衢州 Many children are left alone in the countryside. Lets try our best _ them. Ahelp B. helping Cto help D. helpsA C專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 82013青島青島 Excuse me. Could you please tell me _ my car? Sure. Park it right here. Ill help you. Ahow to stop B. where to park Cwhere to stop D. when to park9Do you know why he left so early? _for the English test, I guess. ATo study BStudy CStudied DStudyingBA 專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 10I often have hamburgers for lunch. Youd better not. Its bad for you _ too much junk food. Aeat Bto eat Ceating Date 解析解析 it為形式主語，動(dòng)詞不定式“to eat too much junk food”是真正的主語。 B專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 11Plan your time carefully and make sure you have some time _ what you like every day. Ado Bto do Cdoing Ddone 解析解析 動(dòng)詞不定式短語“to do what you like every day”作目的狀語。 B專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 12Go on _ the other exercise if you want to be healthier. Adoing Bto be doing Cto do Dwith 解析解析 根據(jù)句中的“the other exercise”可知此題考查短語go on to do sth 意為“繼續(xù)做(和前一件事不同)”。C132013濱州濱州 Would you like_ camping with me? Id like to. But Im busy _ my homework. Ato go; to do B. to go; doing Cgoing; to do D. going; doingB專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 14Why are you so excited? Peter invited me_ on a trip to Yuntai Mountain. Ato go Bgo Cgoing Dwent 解析解析 invite sb to do sth意為“邀請(qǐng)某人做某事”，to do sth作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 A專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 15The most important thing I want to do is _ Afind a good job Bto find a good job Cfinding a good job Dfound a good job 解析解析 此題考查不定式作表語的用法。 B專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 16It is wrong of you _ to the old impolitely. Ato speak Bspeak Cspeaking Dto speaking 解析解析 it作形式主語，不定式是真正的主語。 A172013舟山、嘉興舟山、嘉興 Im new here. Dont worry. Ill do what I can _ you. Ahelp B. to help Cinvite D. to inviteB專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 18The boy is often made_outside the classroom. Astand Bstands Cto stand Dstanding 解析解析 be made to do sth 意為“被迫做某事”，是固定搭配。 C19He is so poor that he has no house _ Ato live Bliving Cliving in Dto live in D專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 20The flowers need _ every day, or theyll die soon. Awater Bbeing watered Cwatering Dto water 解析解析 need doing 是主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于need to be done。 C專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 212012福州福州 It was such a funny show that people couldnt help _again and again. Alaugh Bto laugh Claughing Dhelped 解析解析 cant help doing sth意為“情不自禁做某事”。 C專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 22I prefer _ TV to _ books. Areading; watching Bseeing; watching Cwatching; looking Dwatching; reading 解析解析 prefer doing sth to doing sth意為“寧可做某事，而不愿做某事”。 D專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 23Well consider_a robot that can both work and think. Amaking Bto make Cmake Dmade 解析解析 consider doing sth 意為“考慮做某事”，是固定搭配。A專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 24My pen friend used to_Japanese, but now he is used to_Chinese. Aspeak; say Bsay; saying Cspeak; speaking Dsay; speak 解析解析 “used to 動(dòng)詞原形”意為“過去常常做某事”；“be used to 動(dòng)詞ing”意為“習(xí)慣做某事”，都是固定搭配。C專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 252013黃石黃石 Seeing their teacher _ into the classroom, they stopped _ at once. Awalk; telling B. entering; to speak Center; to tell D. walking; talking262013安順安順 “Whos the boy in white Tshirt _ under the tree？” “My friend.” Astand B. to stand Cstood D. standingDD專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 272013呼和浩特呼和浩特 Tom，would you please_ the box? Its for your sister. Anot open B. dont open Cnot to open D. to not open28Do you feel like_or shall we go by bus? I prefer to walk, but we must_a taxi, for its too late. Awalking; take Bto walk; to take Cwalking; to take Dto walk; takeAA 解析解析 feel like doing sth意為“想要做某事”，是固定搭配；must后加動(dòng)詞原形。 專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 29You should make yourself _ by others. Aunderstand Bunderstanding Cunderstood Dto be understood 解析解析 此題考查過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。make yourself understood意為“使你自己被理解”。C302013吉林吉林 Would you mind _ the door? Its quite windy outside. AcloseB. closingCto close B專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 31I guess there must be someone_outside the house.Lets go out to see who it is. Aspeaks Bspeaking Cspoke Dto speak B 解析解析 there must be sb doing sth 意為“肯定有某人正在做某事”，現(xiàn)在分詞doing表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 32Our Chinese teacher came into the classroom， _a book under his arm. Acarries Bcarried Cto carry DcarryingD 解析解析 這里用動(dòng)名詞表示伴隨。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 33While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped _ and lay on the ground, so we all stopped _ what was wrong with him. Ato run; to see Brunning; seeing Crunning; to see Dto run; seeing 解析解析 stop doing sth意為“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do sth意為“停止原來做的事情去做另一件事情”。C專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 34. Dont forget _ your history and politics books tomorrow morning. Thanks. I wont. Abring Bto bring Cbringing Dto take35You must get your room _ before you leave. Acleaned Bto clean Ccleaning Dto be cleaned 解析解析 get sth done意為“讓某事被做”。 BA專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 362013大慶大慶 Why do we eat vegetables every day, Mum? _ healthy, my dear. ATo keep B. Keep CKeeping D. Kept372013宿遷宿遷 Its dangerous _ a close look at the tiger in the zoo. Afor us taking B. of us to take Cof us taking D. for us to takeAD專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 382013白銀白銀 _ honest is the first thing people should learn. ABeing B. Look CBe D. Become39The assistant wont let you _ the cinema if you havent a ticket. Aenter Bto enter Centering DenteredAA專題專題 10 10 非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞 402012濱州濱州 My pen pal Andrew found it difficult _ Chinese well. Alearning Blearn Cto learn Dlearned 解析解析 it作形式賓語，不定式是真正的賓語。C