高考英語 Module 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits課件 外研版版必修3

高考總復(fù)習(xí)一輪用書立體設(shè)計(jì)走進(jìn)新課堂英 語必修3Module 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits課程解讀課程解讀話題Europe(歐洲）功能Describing location(描述地理位置）語法1.Passive voice：present and past forms(現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)）2.Subject and verb agreement(主謂一致）課程解讀課程解讀重點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展1.across prep.橫過；穿過2.face vt.面向；面對3.mountain n.山脈4.project n.計(jì)劃；項(xiàng)目；工程5.civilisation n.文明6.ancient adj.古代的7.opposite prep.在對面8.geographical adj.地理的9.feature n.特點(diǎn)10.situate v.使位于situated adj.坐落（某處的）situation n.位置；處境11.locate v.位于的location n.位置12.govern vt.統(tǒng)治，治理government n.政府13.continental adj.大陸的；大洲的content n.大陸14.agreement n.協(xié)議，契約agree v.同意disagreement(反義詞)n.不同意課程解讀課程解讀重點(diǎn)短語1.off the coast離海岸線不遠(yuǎn)的海上2.be famous for因而著名be known as作為而聞名3.ever since 自此，自從一直4.in terms of依據(jù)；依照，在方面5.have control over對加以控制6.little by little逐漸地；一點(diǎn)兒點(diǎn)地7.be faced with 面臨8.on the other hand另一方面重點(diǎn)句型1.France is Europes third largest country.法國是歐洲的第三大國2.Italy is in the south of Europe.意大利在歐洲南部3.twice as big as the population of the United States.是美國人口的兩倍。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)一 單詞1.face n.C臉；相貌；表面；C面容；表情；C(物質(zhì)的)表面；（建筑物的）正面vt. 面臨（困難等），面對歸納拓展（1）face to face面對面（作狀語）face-to-face面對面（作定語）in (the) face of面臨；在面前l(fā)ose ones face失去面子（2）face danger/difficulties面對危險(xiǎn)/困難be faced with面臨，面對知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：I was faced with a new problem.=A new problem faced me.我面臨著新的問題。France is Europes third largest country and faces the United Kingdom across the English channel.法國是歐洲第三大國，與英國隔海相望。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】Lets fix a time _ a _ interview.A.to; face-to-faceB.for; face-to-faceC.to; face to faceD.for; face to face【解析解析】句意為：讓我們確定一個(gè)面對面采訪的時(shí)間。face-to-face作定語，而face to face(不用連字符)可作狀語?！按_定的時(shí)間”用fix a time for.?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)_ with such great difficulty，Jack felt at a loss .A.Facing；what to sayB.Faced；what to sayC.Having faced；how to tellD.Being faced；how to speak【解析解析】be faced with 為固定短語，主句主語Jack與face之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故該空應(yīng)填過去分詞形式，作原因狀語；不定式與what連用，在句中起名詞作用，充當(dāng)feel的賓語?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2. range n.C山脈，排；行；一系列；（變化等的）山脈，排；行；一系列；（變化等的）幅度；（知識(shí)等的）范圍；區(qū)域；射程幅度；（知識(shí)等的）范圍；區(qū)域；射程 v.排列；將排列；將排成行；（在一定范圍內(nèi)）變動(dòng)；變化排成行；（在一定范圍內(nèi)）變動(dòng)；變化歸納拓展（1）in/within range (of)在射程以內(nèi)；在范圍內(nèi)beyond/out of range在射程以外，在范圍外a wide range of interests興趣廣泛mountain range 山脈（2）range from.to.在范圍內(nèi)變化range.in rows把排成列知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：The student has a wide range of interests.那個(gè)學(xué)生的興趣廣泛。The price of the house is well beyond our range.這所房子的價(jià)格遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了我們能承受的范圍。The prices of the cars range from $50,000 to $120,000.汽車的價(jià)格在5萬美元和12萬美元之間。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】Whats the cost of your shirts here,sir？It depends on which fashion you want to buy,and the prices _ from 100 dollars to 500 dollars.A.increaseB.rangeC.rankD.differ【解析解析】答句句意為：這取決于你要什么款式的，價(jià)格從100至500美元各不相同/不等。range from.to.“在范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3. situated adj. 坐落于（某處）的；位于（某處）的坐落于（某處）的；位于（某處）的歸納拓展(1)be situated on/in/at.位于的，坐落在的；處于地位（境遇、狀態(tài)）的be located at/in/on.位于的，處于位置注意：situated作形容詞用時(shí)，多用于描述人或事物，意思是“處于境況”。be badly/well situated境況困難/良好知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)(2)situate vt.使位于，使處于,坐落于situation n.形勢，境遇，情況；（建筑物等的）位置；立場，局勢例句：All the apartments are beautifully situated overlooking the beach.所有的公寓都環(huán)境優(yōu)美，俯瞰海濱。Ski Apache is located in southern New Mexico.阿帕契滑雪場位于新墨西哥州南部。Having six children and no income,I was badly situated.我有六個(gè)孩子卻沒有收入，生活十分困難。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】London is a most beautiful city in Britain, _the River Thames.A.located inB.lied onC.situated onD.stood in【解析解析】lie,stand意為“位于”時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式；locate,situate意為“位于”，用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，be situated on.表示“位于河畔/岸邊”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4. opposite prep.在的對面（后面跟與位置相關(guān)的名詞）adj.相反的，對面的adv.在對面；在對過n.對立面；對立的人或物；反義詞歸納拓展（1）be opposite to在對面；與相反just the opposite恰恰相反（2）opposition n.反對；抵抗；反擊in opposition to反對（3）oppose vt.反對；使對立；抵抗be opposed to反對，對抗知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：The building is opposite to the bank.那棟建筑物在銀行的對面。Marthas not shy at alljust the opposite in fact.瑪莎一點(diǎn)兒都不靦腆，事實(shí)上正好相反。They are on strike in opposition to the lay off.他們罷工以反對臨時(shí)解雇。We are bitterly opposed to the racial discrimination.我們強(qiáng)烈反對種族歧視。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】There is a KFC _ the bookstore. Cross the street and youll find it easily.A.on the contrary ofB.opposite toC.opposite fromD.in front of【解析解析】句意為：書店對面有家肯德基餐廳。穿過這條街你就能很容易地找到。be opposite to意為“在的對面”，符合題意。【答案答案】B知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5. sign n. 記號(hào)，符號(hào)；跡象；征兆；痕跡；姿勢記號(hào)，符號(hào)；跡象；征兆；痕跡；姿勢 v. 簽簽（名）；做手勢；做記號(hào)；簽署（名）；做手勢；做記號(hào)；簽署(文件、協(xié)議書等文件、協(xié)議書等)歸納拓展（1）sign language手勢語make/give a sign to對做手勢a sign of.的標(biāo)志/跡象（2）sign in簽到sign out簽字離開sign sb. to do sth.打手勢讓某人做某事（3）signature n.簽名put ones signature on/to the contract在合同上簽名知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：A red sky at sunset is a sign of good weather.日落時(shí)的晚霞是好天氣的征兆。The policeman signed the driver to stop.那警察做手勢讓那司機(jī)停下來。He signed his name on the painting which he had just finished.他在剛剛畫好的畫上簽上了名字。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】The president_ the telecommunications reform bill into law yesterday.A.wroteB.signedC.putD.placed【解析解析】句意為：總統(tǒng)昨天簽署電信改革法案使之成為法律。sign“簽署(文件、協(xié)議等)”，符合題意。【答案答案】B知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)6. agreement n. 同意，一致；協(xié)定，協(xié)議同意，一致；協(xié)定，協(xié)議歸納拓展（1）in agreement with符合；同意；和一致make an agreement with與達(dá)成協(xié)議make/reach/come to/arrive at an agreement達(dá)成協(xié)議；取得一致意見（2）agree vi.&vt.同意，贊成的意見;與一致;承認(rèn)，適合disagree vi.不一致，不適宜disagreement n.意見不同;爭執(zhí)，不和，爭論知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：If our talks go on like this, we will never reach an agreement.倘若我們的談判照這樣進(jìn)行下去的話，是永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)達(dá)成什么協(xié)議的。It was the Five Minds who kept to the agreement that led to the end of the World War .由于“五巨頭”堅(jiān)持履行了協(xié)議，才使二戰(zhàn)走向結(jié)束。His opinion is in agreement with mine.他的意見和我的一致。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】He appears honest,why do so few people believe in him?Because what he does is not always in _ with what he says.A.agreementB.conflictC.touchD.relation【解析解析】依據(jù)答句句意“因?yàn)樗孕胁灰恢隆笨芍?，in agreement with“與一致”符合題意。in conflict with“有爭執(zhí)，有分歧”；in touch with“與有聯(lián)系”；in relation with“與有關(guān)系”。【答案答案】A知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)二要點(diǎn)二 短語短語1. because of 因?yàn)?；由于因?yàn)椋挥捎跉w納拓展（1）because of在句中一般用作狀語，可置于句首或句末。（2）owing to意為“由于，因?yàn)椤?，在句中通常用作狀語，可置于句首或句末。（3）due to意為“由于”，它引導(dǎo)的短語在句中一般用作表語或定語，但在很多場合，可與owing to通用，作狀語。（4）on account of意為“因緣故，由于”，它引導(dǎo)的短語在句中通常作狀語，可置于句首或句末。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)（5）as a result of意為“由于的結(jié)果”，一般用作狀語。（6）thanks to是介詞短語，含有“幸虧、多虧、由于、因?yàn)椤钡纫馑?。它引?dǎo)的短語在句中用作狀語時(shí)，大多放在句首，但也可以置于句末。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：The plane arrived late because of the snowstorm.飛機(jī)因暴風(fēng)雪晚點(diǎn)了。All flights into London Heathrow have been delayed due to/owing to/because of the thick fog.所有飛往倫敦希斯羅機(jī)場的航班均因大霧而延誤。Thanks to the publics generosity,weve been able to build two new schools in the area.多虧公眾慷慨解囊，我們才得以在該地區(qū)建造了兩所新學(xué)校。The accident was largely due to human error.這起事故主要出自人為的過錯(cuò)。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】He was late not only _ his illness but also _ he missed the train.A.because；forB.because of；becauseC.for；because ofD.because of；because of【解析解析】because of 后跟名詞或代詞，在句中作狀語；because 后跟從句，故應(yīng)選B?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2. in terms of 用用字眼；從字眼；從的觀點(diǎn)（角度）；的觀點(diǎn)（角度）；從從方面來說方面來說歸納拓展in the long/short term就長/短期而言keep/be on good/bad terms with sb.與某人交情好/不好be on equal terms關(guān)系平等知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：In terms of customers satisfaction,the policy can not be criticized.說到顧客的滿意情況，這個(gè)政策無可挑剔。The companys prospects look good in the long term.公司的遠(yuǎn)景看好。My sister and I are on good terms with each other.我和我姐姐之間的關(guān)系很好。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】 Do you approve of the idea that success can be measured _ money alone?A.in case ofB.in terms ofC.in the opinion ofD.in favor of【解析解析】in terms of含有“依據(jù)，從方面來說”等意思，表示根據(jù)某種情況來說，符合題意。in case of意為“以防萬一”；in favor of意為“支持，贊同”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)I feel sure that _ qualification,ability and experience,you are abundantly suited to the position we have in mind.A.on account ofB.in spite ofC.by means ofD.in terms of【解析解析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：我覺得就資歷、能力、經(jīng)驗(yàn)而言，你最適合我們設(shè)置的這個(gè)職位。on account of=because of“因?yàn)椋捎凇?；in spite of“盡管”；by means of“以方式”；in terms of“就而言”，根據(jù)句意，選D。【答案答案】D知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3. on the other hand另一方面，反過來說另一方面，反過來說歸納拓展at hand在手邊，在附近；即將到來，即將發(fā)生at first hand第一手地，直接地at second hand第二手的；間接的；舊的；用過的hand in hand手牽手，攜手；共同地in hand在手邊；進(jìn)行中的；在掌握中on（the）one hand.；on the other (hand).一方面另一方面知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：Father and mother wanted to go for a ride. The children, on the other hand, wanted to stay home and play with their friends.父母想騎車出去兜風(fēng)，另一方面，孩子們卻想在家與朋友一起玩。On the one hand theyd love to have kids, but on the other, they dont want to give up their freedom.一方面，他們想要孩子，但另一方面，他們又不想放棄自由自在的生活。She stayed there to experience village life at first hand.她留在那兒親身體驗(yàn)鄉(xiāng)村生活。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】I dont want to buy the dictionary. _, its too expensive;I dont have enough money with me at present.A.Because;andB.At first;thenC.On one hand;on the other handD.On one hand;on other hand【解析解析】句意為：我不想買這本詞典，一方面，它太貴了，另一方面，我此刻沒有帶足夠的錢。on (the) one hand.,on the other (hand)“一方面，另一方面”，符合題意。【答案答案】C知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)三 句型1. Their work has influenced other writers ever since.從那時(shí)起他們的作品就一直影響著其他作家。ever since自從一直；從那時(shí)起，一直到現(xiàn)在知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)歸納拓展ever since自此，自從。表示以過去某一時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與完成時(shí)連用。與完成時(shí)連用的常見短語或詞語有：by now到現(xiàn)在為止so far/up to now到目前為止in the last/past+時(shí)間段在過去的內(nèi)by the end of到為止recently/already近來/已經(jīng)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：Weve been friends ever since we met at school.我們自從在學(xué)校見面至今，一直是朋友。I havent seen my MP3 ever since.從那以后我再也沒見過我的MP3。We havent had any trouble so far.迄今為止我們沒碰上什么麻煩。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】_ when has the country been open to international trade?1978, I suppose.A.SinceB.InC.FromD.After【解析解析】since意為“自從”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，表示動(dòng)作從過去某個(gè)時(shí)候開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。根據(jù)特殊疑問句中的時(shí)態(tài)可判斷要用since，since when表示“從什么時(shí)候”。in意為“（表示時(shí)間）在之內(nèi)，在之后”；from用于表示時(shí)間，意為“從，自”;after表示時(shí)間，意為“在以后”。【答案答案】A知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time?Yes,since she _ the Chinese Society.A.has joinedB.joinsC.had joinedD.joined【解析解析】根據(jù)句子語境，本對話的問題部分為一個(gè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主句。since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句回答的是從過去什么時(shí)候開始認(rèn)識(shí)Dr.Jackson的，用一般過去時(shí)，故此處選D項(xiàng)?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2. Italy is in the south of Europe on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. 意大利在歐洲的南端，位于地中海意大利在歐洲的南端，位于地中海沿岸。沿岸。歸納拓展表示“某物在哪個(gè)方向”可用south/west/north/east等，構(gòu)成如下幾種表達(dá)方式：（1）.is in the south of在的南部（在內(nèi)部）.is on the south of在南邊（接壤）.is to the south of在以南（在外部，不接壤）（2）.is south of在南部（不指明在內(nèi)部還是在外部）（3）借助there構(gòu)成there be結(jié)構(gòu)。注意：把表示方位、地點(diǎn)的介詞或副詞短語放到句首，句子用倒裝語序。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：In the south/west/north/east of the city is the house.=South/West/North/East of the city is the house.那幢房子是在城市的南方（西方、北方、東方）。例句：Guangdong is in the south of China.廣東在中國的南部。Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong.江蘇在山東南面。Mexico is (on the) south of the USA.墨西哥位于美國的南面。There is a river in the north of our village.我們村莊北面有一條小河。East of our school lies a railway.我們學(xué)校東面有一條鐵路。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】 _ of the Pacific Ocean _ Canada.A.The east;liesB.East;liesC.To the east;does lieD.On the east;does lie【解析解析】考查倒裝。表示方位的east置于句首時(shí)，句子用倒裝語序。句意為：太平洋在加拿大的東邊?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)四要點(diǎn)四 語法語法1.現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成形式：am/is/are+p.p.（過去分詞）例句：Rice is grown in the south of the state.該州南部種水稻。(2)一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成形式：was/were+p.p.（過去分詞）例句：The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.上月他們在建一個(gè)新的汽車工廠這件事上達(dá)成一致協(xié)議。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)（3)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法不知道或沒有必要指出誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例句：The bridge was built last year.這座橋是去年建造的。He was elected chairman.他被選為主席。當(dāng)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。此時(shí)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者由by引導(dǎo)，置于謂語動(dòng)詞之后，不需要時(shí)可以省略。例句：The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他殺死了。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人時(shí)，多用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例句：The window was blown open by wind.窗戶被風(fēng)吹開了。表示客觀的說明，常用“It is+過去分詞”句型。例句：It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.據(jù)說露茜已經(jīng)出國了。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】The number of deaths from traffic accidents will be reduced greatly if people _ to obey the rules.A.persuadeB.will persuadeC.be persuadedD.are persuaded【解析解析】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)句子意思及結(jié)構(gòu)分析，應(yīng)該是說服人們而不是人們說服他人，因此用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；又本題屬于真實(shí)條件句，不是虛擬語氣，故排除C項(xiàng),答案為D?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)It is said that the pen _, so I bought one yesterday.A.writes wellB.writes goodC.is well writtenD.is good written【解析解析】考查動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示被動(dòng)含義。根據(jù)詞性可以判斷，write不是系動(dòng)詞，不能與形容詞連用，故排除B、D項(xiàng)；選項(xiàng)C是對主語的評價(jià)，說明主語做得怎么樣，而選項(xiàng)A說明主語“鋼筆”的內(nèi)在性質(zhì)，根據(jù)句意可知選A?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)Officials say that few patients _ with the virus owing to the effective prevention.A.infectedB.are infectedC.have infectedD.be infected【解析解析】few patients與infect之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選B。【答案答案】B知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time.A.soldB.had been soldC.were soldD.would sell【解析解析】根據(jù)所提供的情景“The flowers were so lovely”，可判斷出要用一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。再根據(jù)the flowers與sell之間的關(guān)系確定用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示“很快就賣完了”，故選C。【答案答案】C知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea,which _ the Pacific,and we met no storms.A.was calledB.is calledC.had been calledD.has been called【解析解析】雖然去航海發(fā)生在過去，但是，海的名稱不會(huì)隨時(shí)間變化，所以要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故選B?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2.主謂一致主謂一致主謂一致是指主語和謂語必須保持人稱和數(shù)的變化的一致，即句中謂語的變化形式要根據(jù)句子主語的人稱和數(shù)的形式?jīng)Q定。（1）有些集體名詞，如crowd，family，team，orchestra （管弦樂隊(duì)），group，government, committee，class，school，union，firm，staff，public等，它們作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)語言內(nèi)容而定。如果它們作為一個(gè)集體單位時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，如就其中的各個(gè)成員來說，則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例句：His family is going to move.他們家要搬家。His family are very well.他們家每個(gè)人都身體健康。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)（2）有些表示總稱意義的名詞，形式上是單數(shù)，而意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如people，police，militia，cattle，poultry （家禽）等。例句：It was common that cattle were allowed to graze on the village.在鄉(xiāng)村放牛很常見。（3）單數(shù)主語、單個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語以及句子作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。復(fù)數(shù)主語，用and或both.and連接的動(dòng)詞不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語以及主語從句作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：Serving the people is my great happiness.為人民服務(wù)是我最大的幸福。Both you and I are students.你和我都是學(xué)生。注意：(1)在what引導(dǎo)的主語從句中，如果表語是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例句：What mother bought are some books.母親買的是一些書。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)(2)修飾語對主語的數(shù)沒有影響。例句：The performance of the first three clowns was very funny.前三個(gè)小丑的表演很滑稽。(3)and所連接的兩個(gè)詞如指同一主體時(shí)，謂語則用單數(shù)形式，否則，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。例句：A singer and dancer was present at the party today.一位歌舞演員出席了今天的派對。A singer and a dancer were present at the party today.一位歌唱家和一位舞者出席了今天的派對。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)（4）有些代詞只能指單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，當(dāng)它們在句子中作主語時(shí)，盡管在意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍要用單數(shù)形式。這類代詞有either，neither，each one，the other，another，somebody，someone，something，anyone，anything，anybody，everyone，everything，everybody，no one，nothing，nobody等。例句：Neither likes the friends of the other.兩人都不喜歡對方的朋友。Everything around us is matter.我們周圍的所有東西都是物質(zhì)。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)（5）none接不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)；接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語單復(fù)數(shù)均可。例句：None of us seem/seems worried.我們沒有一個(gè)人顯得憂慮。（6）兩個(gè)主語用or，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.，not.but.連接起來，謂語與靠近的主語的數(shù)一致。例句：You or I am wrong.你或者我是錯(cuò)的。（7）在There be.句型中，如果有兩個(gè)以上的并列主語，謂語往往與第一個(gè)主語一致。例句：There is a book and two pens on the desk.桌子上有一本書和兩支鋼筆。There are two pens and a book on the desk.桌子上有兩支鋼筆和一本書。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)（8）一個(gè)主語后面跟有with.，together with.，as well as.，like.，but.，except.引導(dǎo)的短語時(shí)，謂語不受這些短語的影響，仍與前面的主語一致。例句：John，together with his wife，was at the party.約翰和他的妻子出現(xiàn)在晚會(huì)上。Nothing but two tables was seen in the room.房間里除了兩張桌子什么都看不到。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)（9）由quantities of.或amounts of.+名詞構(gòu)成的主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例句：Large quantities of food were wasted.大量的食物被浪費(fèi)掉了。（10）在each.and each,every.and every,no.and no,many a.and many a等由and連接并列單數(shù)主語的結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例句：Each boy and each girl has got a seat.每個(gè)男孩和女孩都有一個(gè)座位。No sound and no voice is heard for a long while.很長時(shí)間沒有聽到一點(diǎn)兒聲音。Many a boy and many a girl likes it.許多男孩和許多女孩都喜歡這個(gè)。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】The blues _ finally gotten me today.I really have the blues today.A.haveB.hasC.areD.is【解析解析】句意為：憂郁的情結(jié)今天最終還是降臨到我心頭。我今天情緒確實(shí)有些不好。blues形式雖為復(fù)數(shù)，但意義上是單數(shù)。D項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)不正確，選B。【答案答案】B知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)Every means _ tried to carry out the experiment but without any result.A.have beenB.is to beC.are to beD.has been【解析解析】means （方法），works （作品）等名詞形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但實(shí)際為單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞。means前有every修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式，又every means與try之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)句意要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選擇D項(xiàng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)The father as well as his children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.A.is goingB.goC.goesD.are going【解析解析】這個(gè)句子的主語是The father，所以其謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式；再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語every Sunday afternoon in winter可判斷出要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。as well as his children在句中作狀語，不作主語?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【解析解析】考查主謂一致。由時(shí)間狀語 tomorrow afternoon可知C、D項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)不對；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來按計(jì)劃或安排發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；a poet and artist 表示同一個(gè)人，所以其謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式，而 a poet and an artist才表示兩個(gè)人，故選A項(xiàng)。【答案答案】A知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)Mr Alcott told me that four fifths of the houses _.A.have been sold outB.had been sold outC.were sold outD.was sold out【解析解析】句意為：奧爾科特先生告訴我五分之四的房子已經(jīng)售出。根據(jù)句意用完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，又因?yàn)橹骶渲械闹^語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)，所以賓語從句應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽Thank you !