高考英語二輪總復(fù)習(xí) 第7講 三大類從句課件 新課標(biāo)（湖南專用）

第第7講講 三大類從句三大類從句 考點(diǎn)1: 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞例1: It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office. (2012江西卷 25) A. whether B. where C. which D. that.名詞性從句名詞性從句 【解析】選D。考查名詞性從句中的主語從句。 it作形式主語，真正的主語為that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中無意義，并不充當(dāng)任何成分。考點(diǎn)1: 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞例2: We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. (2012福建卷 35) A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever【解析】選C。句意：我們承諾向參加聚會的人提供一個(gè)和電影明星合影的機(jī)會。不定式作chance的定語，此處whoever相當(dāng)于anyone who?？键c(diǎn)2: 名詞性從句的語序I really wonder _ will stop Japan from its annual whale hunt in the Antarctic. (2011山西太原五中月考) A. that it is what B. what it is that C. what is it that D. that is it what【解析】選B。空白處為一個(gè)賓語從句作動(dòng)詞wonder的賓語。而賓語從句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)what。賓語從句要采用陳述語序。考點(diǎn)3: 由reason作主語時(shí)，表語從句的連接詞The reason why he cant go to school is _ he is ill. A. because B. why C. that D. which【解析】選C。reason作主語時(shí)，其后的表語從句一般用連詞that?？键c(diǎn)4: 后接同位語從句的名詞 Evidence has been found through years of study _ childrens early sleeping problem are likely to continue when they grow up. (2012重慶卷34) A. why B. how C. whether D. that【解析】選D。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空白處后面為句子主語“Evidence”的同位語從句，在這一從句中，句意完整，不缺少成分，應(yīng)該使用“that”作為引導(dǎo)詞。因此，正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。 考點(diǎn)1: that與which引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別 Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been made into television series.(2012山東卷23) A. them B. that C. which D. what. 定語從句 【解析】選C。句中的先行詞是two novels，而且后面是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，因此用both of which引導(dǎo)。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，也不能跟在介詞后面；如果選them，則后面需要有并列連詞and或者是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，即both of them made into考點(diǎn)2: “介詞 關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句 In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses. (2012四川卷13) A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them【解析】選C。本題考查介詞后的定語從句。前后兩句話之間無連詞，故不能用人稱代詞them，而應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)定語從句；“在46個(gè)學(xué)生當(dāng)中”，表所屬，應(yīng)用of。故答案選C?？键c(diǎn)3: as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的比較例1：Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a Tshirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. (2011全國大綱卷7) A. this B. that C. what D. which【解析】選D。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。代指前面整句內(nèi)容?？键c(diǎn)3: as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的比較例2：_ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What【解析】選B。A、D不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，C不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。As is known to everybodyAs everybody knows “正如大家所知道的”。該句也可換成It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 考點(diǎn)4: 關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選擇例1：I will never forget the day _I came to my university and the day _I spent in a new city. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when【解析】 選A。第一個(gè)時(shí)間名詞the day 在從句中作狀語，因此要用關(guān)系副詞when；第二個(gè)時(shí)間名詞the day 在從句中作動(dòng)詞spent的賓語，因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來引導(dǎo)定語從句或省略關(guān)系代詞?？键c(diǎn)4: 關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選擇例2：Men are more suited to occupational environments _ require decisive action while women are better at jobs _ a considered approach is most important. (江蘇南京金陵中學(xué)高三模擬) A. which; that B. /; when C. which; when D. that; where【解析】選D。第一空用關(guān)系代詞that或which 作主語，不可以省略。第二空用關(guān)系副詞where，因?yàn)榫渥右馑纪暾蝗敝髡Z或賓語。根據(jù)先行詞jobs和定語從句的意義，確定用關(guān)系副詞where(at which)表地點(diǎn)，作地點(diǎn)狀語。考點(diǎn)1: 時(shí)間狀語從句例1: He smiled politely _ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. (2012山東卷27) A. as B. if C. unless D. though. 狀語從句【解析】選A。此處是as引導(dǎo)這個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，smile和apologize同時(shí)進(jìn)行，as意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”。句意： 當(dāng)瑪麗為她喝醉了的朋友道歉時(shí)，他禮貌地微笑著?？键c(diǎn)1: 時(shí)間狀語從句例2: I had hardly got to the office _ my wife phoned me to go back home at once. (2012全國大綱卷11) A. when B. than C. until D. after【解析】選A?？疾楣潭ň湫蚳ardlywhen。句意： 我剛到辦公室，我妻子就給我打電話讓我立刻回家?？键c(diǎn)2: 條件狀語從句 It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _ it gets more financial support from the European Union. (2012福建卷30) A. if B. unless C. because D. since【解析】選B。根據(jù)句意“除非有來自歐洲聯(lián)盟的更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)支持，否則希臘政府很難克服目前的困難”，只能選擇unless“除非”才能使句意完整?？键c(diǎn)3: 讓步狀語從句例1: I dont believe weve met before, _ I must say you do look familiar. (2012全國新課標(biāo)卷25) A. therefore B. although C. since D. unless【解析】選B。句意： 盡管我不得不說你確實(shí)看起來熟悉，然而我相信我們以前并未見過。考點(diǎn)3: 讓步狀語從句例2: Look at those clouds! Dont worry. _ it rains, well still have a great time. (2012北京卷21) A. Even if B. As though C. In case D. If only【解析】選A?？疾闋钫Z從句連接詞。even if 即使；as though似乎；in case 以防；if only要是多好?？键c(diǎn)4: as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的用法 Hot _ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. (2012陜西卷18) A. although B. as C. while D. however【解析】選B。考查狀語從句。該句為倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即在as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，要將從句中的表語，狀語，或動(dòng)詞原形提到as之前，故選B。1. Mr. Smith has bought a little house in the country, around _ some green trees. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are易錯(cuò)題筆記【解析】選C。此題容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語。其實(shí)，此題的最佳答案為C，around which are some green trees 是一個(gè)由“介詞which”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，而在該從句中，主語是 some green trees，around which 是表語，所以句子謂語應(yīng)用are，而不是 is。請看下面的例子： The police found a large box under his bed, in which were some sex books.警察在他的床底下找到一只大箱子，里面裝的是一些黃色書籍。(in which were some sex books 為非限制性定語從句，在該從句中，in which 是表語，some sex books 是主語，所以謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)were)2. Is there a shop around _ we can buy some toilet articles? A. that B. which C. where D. what【解析】選C。此題很容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為 around 是介詞。用which代替前面的名詞 shop，作介詞 around 的賓語。其實(shí)此題的最佳選項(xiàng)應(yīng)是 C，其中 around 是副詞(意為“在附近”)，其后 where 引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞 shop，句意： 附近有沒有我們可以買到梳妝用品的商店？3. She promised _ he had enough money she would marry him. A. that B. if C. that if D. if that 【解析】選C。此題將條件狀語從句 if he had enough money 插入動(dòng)詞 promised 與其賓語從句之間，從而導(dǎo)致許多同學(xué)誤選。4. The judge paid no attention to _ he had just lost his wife. A. that B. which C. what D. the fact that【解析】選D。此題容易誤選 A 或 B。通常情況下，介詞后不能直接跟 that 從句(極個(gè)別介詞如except, but 等除外)，遇此情況，應(yīng)在 that 從句前加上 the fact(此時(shí) the fact 用作介詞賓語，其后 that 從句用作 the fact 的同位語)。 5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is【解析】選D。此題首先應(yīng)排除A和C，因?yàn)榭崭裉帪橐粋€(gè)賓語從句，所以不能用疑問句語序。按英語的習(xí)慣，當(dāng)用于指代身份不明的人時(shí)，應(yīng)用代詞it，而不用 he 或she等。所以此題應(yīng)選D。6. His lecture was difficult and I didnt know _ he said meant in his lecture. A. that B. what C. that that D. what what【解析】選D。第一個(gè)what 用作動(dòng)詞 meant 的賓語，第二個(gè)what 用作動(dòng)詞 said 的賓語。又如： He was honest and told us all all he knew. 他很誠實(shí)，他把他知道的都告訴了我們大家。 句中的第一個(gè) all 為 us 的同位語，意為“我們大家”或“我們所有的人”；第二個(gè)all 實(shí)為 all that 之省略，其中的 all 為動(dòng)詞 told 的直接賓語，被省略的關(guān)系代詞 that 為定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞 knew 的賓語。當(dāng)然此句也可說成：He was honest and told us all what he knew. 7. Was it under the tree _ you were away talking to a friend? Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone. A. that B. where C. which D. while【解析】選D。此題很容易誤選A，認(rèn)為這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。其實(shí)此題的最佳答案是D。從上下文的語境來看，句中的 it 應(yīng)是指代 the bike，句意為： “當(dāng)你離開去同 朋 友 談 話 的 時(shí) 候 ， 你 的 自 行 車 是 在 這 樹 下嗎？”“肯定是的，但當(dāng)我回來時(shí)，自行車就不見了?！?. He likes living alone, and says that he wants to go and live in a place _ nobody knows. A. where B. that C. when D. what【解析】選B。此題易誤選A，認(rèn)為place表示“地點(diǎn)”，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞where。其實(shí)，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格部分為knows的賓語，故應(yīng)用which或that。